Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and the Risk for Dementia: The Framingham Heart Study
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IMPORTANCE: In animal studies, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been shown to impact neuronal survival and function and improve synaptic plasticity and long-term memory. Circulating BDNF levels increase with physical activity and caloric restriction, thus BDNF may mediate some of the observed associations between lifestyle and the risk for dementia. Some prior studies showed lower circulating BDNF in persons with Alzheimer disease (AD) compared with control participants; however, it remains uncertain whether reduced levels precede dementia onset. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether higher serum BDNF levels in cognitively healthy adults protect against the future risk for dementia and AD and to identify potential modifiers of this association. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Framingham Study original and offspring participants were followed up from 1992 and 1998, respectively, for up to 10 years. We used Cox models to relate BDNF levels to the risk for dementia and AD and adjusted for potential confounders. We also ran sensitivity analyses stratified by sex, age, and education, as well as related BDNF genetic variants to AD risk. This community-based, prospective cohort study involved 2131 dementia-free participants aged 60 years and older (mean [SD] age, 72 [7] years; 56% women). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Ten-year incidence of dementia and AD. RESULTS: During follow-up, 140 participants developed dementia, 117 of whom had AD. Controlling for age and sex, each standard-deviation increment in BDNF was associated with a 33% lower risk for dementia and AD (P = .006 and P = .01, respectively) and these associations persisted after additional adjustments. Compared with the bottom quintile, BDNF levels in the top quintile were associated with less than half the risk for dementia and AD (hazard ratio, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.28-0.85; P = .01; and hazard ratio, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.24-0.86; P = .02, respectively). These associations were apparent only among women, persons aged 80 years and older, and those with college degrees (hazard ratios for AD: 0.65, [95% CI, 0.50-0.85], P = .001; 0.63 [95% CI, 0.47-0.85], P = .002; and 0.27 [95% CI, 0.11-0.65], P = .003, respectively). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor genetic variants were not associated with AD risk. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Higher serum BDNF levels may protect against future occurrence of dementia and AD. Our findings suggest a role for BDNF in the biology and possibly in the prevention of dementia and AD, especially in select subgroups of women and older and more highly educated persons.
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Serum BDNF is reflective of central nervous system levels.
“BDNF crosses the blood-brain barrier with high capacity and is highly stable over time, thus serum BDNF is reflective of central nervous system levels [5], [13], [14].”
From Associations between social relationship measures, serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and risk of stroke and dementia (2017) · cites this paper as [5]
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- Authors
- Weinstein, G., Beiser, A. S., Choi, S. H., Preis, S. R., Chen, T. C., Vorgas, D., Au, R., Pikula, A., Wolf, P. A., DeStefano, A. L., Vasan, R. S., & Seshadri, S.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Seshadri, Sudha
- ORCID
- Venue
- JAMA Neurology
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2014-01-01
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 55
- ISSN
- 2168-6149 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4056186
- OpenAlex
- W2112473391
- Cited by
- 289
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 18
- FWCI
- 13.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- JAMA Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (n01hc25195-41-0-1)
- National Institute on Aging (P30AG010129, AG-16495, R01AG031287, AG031287, AG08122, AG033193, R01AG016495, P30AG013846, R01AG033193, R01AG008122)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01‐HC25195, HL93029, N01-HC-025195, R01HL093029, U01HL096917)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS17950, R01NS017950)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- brain-derived neurotrophic factor, serum BDNF, dementia risk, Alzheimer's disease, neurodegeneration biomarkers, Framingham Heart Study, sex differences, older adults, educational attainment, physical activity, caloric restriction, lifestyle factors, dementia prevention, synaptic plasticity, neuronal survival, long-term memory, cognitive aging, neuroinflammation, neuroprotection
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Dementia, Female, Genotype, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Risk, Sensitivity and Specificity, Incidence, Proportional Hazards Models, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
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