Clinical and Environmental Correlates of Serum BDNF: A Descriptive Study with Plausible Implications for AD Research
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BACKGROUND: Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may play a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) through neurotrophic effects on basal cholinergic neurons. Reduced serum levels of BDND are observed among AD patients and may predict AD risk. Nevertheless, knowledge about factors associated with its levels in blood is lacking. OBJECTIVE: To identify clinical and demographic correlates of serum BDNF levels. METHODS: BDNF was measured from serum collected between 1992-1996 and 1998-2001 in participants from the Original and Offspring cohorts of the Framingham Study, respectively. A cross-sectional analysis was done to evaluate the relationship between clinical measures and BDNF levels using standard linear regression and stepwise models. Analyses were conducted in the total sample and separately in each cohort, and were adjusted for age and sex. RESULTS: BDNF was measured in 3,689 participants (mean age 65 years, 56% women; 82% Offspring). Cigarette smoking and high total cholesterol were associated with elevated BDNF levels, and history of atrial fibrillation was associated with decreased levels. Elevated BDNF levels were related to greater physical activity and lower Tumor Necrosis Factor-α levels in Offspring. Stepwise models also revealed associations with statin use, alcohol consumption and Apolipoprotein Eε4 genotype. CONCLUSION: Serum BDNF correlates with various metabolic, inflammatory and life-style measures which in turn have been linked with risk of AD. Future studies of serum BDNF should adjust for these correlates and are needed to further explore the underlying interplay between BDNF and other factors in the pathophysiology of cognitive impairment and AD.
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Our findings might extend observed effects of BDNF and lifestyle factors on human studies as well as on animal models associating BDNF with social enrichment.
“Our findings might extend observed effects of BDNF and lifestyle factors on human studies [38] as well as on animal models associating BDNF with the broader construct of social enrichment [12].”
From Associations between social relationship measures, serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and risk of stroke and dementia (2017) · cites this paper as [38]
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Investigation of the Molecular Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Alzheimer’s Disease
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Salinas, J., Beiser, A., Himali, J. J., Satizabal, C. L., Aparicio, H. J., Weinstein, G., Mateen, F. J., Berkman, L. F., Rosand, J., & Seshadri, S. (2017) · Alzheimer's & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.trci.2017.03.001 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationBalietti, M., Giuli, C., & Conti, F. (2018) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-017-0866-y · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Jeong, S., Oh, Y., Choi, S., Chang, J., Kim, S. M., Son, J., Lee, G., Ahn, J. C., Lee, D. H., Koo, B., et al. (2022) · Clinical and Molecular Hepatology · doi:10.3350/cmh.2021.0332 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Li, S., Weinstein, G., Zare, H., Teumer, A., Völker, U., Friedrich, N., Knol, M. J., Satizábal, C. L., Petyuk, V., Adams, H. H. H., et al. (2020) · Brain Communications · doi:10.1093/braincomms/fcaa176 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationBesnier, F., Boidin, M., Grégoire, C., Gagnon, C., Thorin‐Trescases, N., Thorin, É., Nigam, A., Juneau, M., Tremblay, J., Gayda, M., et al. (2022) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148019 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
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Spartano, N. L., Himali, J. J., Trinquart, L., Yang, Q., Weinstein, G., Satizábal, C. L., Dukes, K. A., Beiser, A., Murabito, J. M., Vasan, R. S., et al. (2021) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-215109 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationMedved, S., Salinas, J., Kojis, D. J., Weinstein, G., Vasan, R., Beiser, A., & Seshadri, S. (2024) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.13664 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
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Serum biomarkers in normal pressure hydrocephalus
Mehmedika-Suljić, E., Izetbegović, S., Serdarević, N., Rovčanin, B., Mahmutbegović, N., Mehičević, A., & Omerhodžić, I. (2023) · Medicinski Glasnik · doi:10.17392/1590-23 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Majdinasab, N., Bahadoram, M., Mansouri, S. M. T., Tarahomi, S., Javanmardi, F., & Haybar, H. (2019) · Immunopathologia Persa · doi:10.15171/ipp.2019.14 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Tulupova, T. V., Vedunova, M. V., & Mitroshina, Е. V. (2026) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2026.1901527
- Authors
- Weinstein, G., Preis, S. R., Beiser, A. S., Kaess, B., Chen, T. C., Satizabal, C., Rahman, F., Benjamin, E. J., Vasan, R. S., & Seshadri, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Haifa (IL)
- Framingham Heart Study (US)
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Weinstein, Galit
- ORCID
- Venue
- Current Alzheimer Research
- Publisher
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
- Published
- 2017-06-19
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 722-730
- ISSN
- 1567-2050 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6026027
- OpenAlex
- W2589444584
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 1.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Current Alzheimer Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (n01hc25195-41-0-1)
- National Institute on Aging (P30AG010129, U01AG049505, R01AG031287, U01AG052409, R01AG054076, R01AG049607, R01AG033040, R01AG033193, R01AG008122)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL128914, N01-HC-025195, R01HL092577)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (UH2NS100605, R01NS017950)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
- Keywords
- brain-derived neurotrophic factor, serum BDNF, Alzheimer's disease, Framingham Offspring cohort, cigarette smoking, total cholesterol, atrial fibrillation, physical activity, TNF-α, statin use, alcohol consumption, APOE ε4, biomarkers, cholinergic neurons, inflammation, lifestyle factors
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alzheimer Disease, C-Reactive Protein, Cross-Sectional Studies, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Homocysteine, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Cohort Studies, Linear Models, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
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