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The Development of the Person: Social Understanding, Relationships, Conscience, Self
Abstract
The development of social understanding, relationships, self, and conscience constitute the most important ways that early developing individuality intersects with the social world. These topics have also received the most concerted research attention by students of early development. This chapter summarizes research on these achievements, emphasizing: (1) the relational context in which early social and personality development unfolds, (2) psychological growth arises from the shared activity of children with others, from which developing persons appropriate new skills and understanding, and (3) thinking and understanding in early childhood is a critical foundation for what follows in later years.
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The origins of empathic concern
Zahn‐Waxler, C., & Radke‐Yarrow, M. (1990) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/bf00991639 · Cited by 481
NICHD Early Child Care Research Network (1997) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1132038 · Cited by 477
Children's Spontaneous Control of Facial Expression
Cole, P. M. (1986) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1130411 · Cited by 477
Lyons‐Ruth, K., & Jacobvitz, D. B. (1999) · Cited by 476
Fraley, R. C., & Spieker, S. (2003) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.39.3.387 · Cited by 465
Ge, X., Conger, R. D., Cadoret, R. J., Neiderhiser, J. M., Yates, W. R., Troughton, E. P., & Stewart, M. A. (1996) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.32.4.574 · Cited by 459
Vaughn, B. E., Egeland, B. R., Sroufe, L. A., & Waters, E. (1979) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1129321 · Cited by 458
Perner, J., & Ruffman, T. (1995) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1006/jecp.1995.1024 · Cited by 452
Bahrick, L. E., & Watson, J. S. (1985) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.21.6.963 · Cited by 449
The still-face: A history of a shared experimental paradigm
Adamson, L. B., & Frick, J. E. (2003) · Infancy · doi:10.1207/s15327078in0404_01 · Cited by 449
Kochanska, G. (1997) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1997.tb01928.x · Cited by 448
Approval and Disapproval: Infant Responsiveness to Vocal Affect in Familiar and Unfamiliar Languages
Fernald, A. E. (1993) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1993.tb02934.x · Cited by 437
Young Children's Theory of Mind and Emotion
Harris, P. L., Johnson, C. N., Hutton, D., Andrews, G., & Cooke, T. (1989) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699938908412713 · Cited by 436
Self-Evaluation in Young Children
Stipek, D. J., Recchia, S. L., McClintic, S., & Lewis, M. (1992) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.2307/1166190 · Cited by 435
Encouraging narratives in preschoolers: an intervention study
Peterson, C., Jesso, B., & McCabe, A. (1999) · Journal of Child Language · doi:10.1017/s0305000998003651 · Cited by 434
Developmental origin of the animate–inanimate distinction.
Rakison, D. H., & Poulin‐Dubois, D. (2001) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.127.2.209 · Cited by 433
The Legacy of Early Attachments
Thompson, R. A. (2000) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00128 · Cited by 433
Self-citationAttachment relationships in the context of multiple caregivers.
Howes, C. H. (1999) · Cited by 423
Cummings, E. M., Schermerhorn, A. C., Davies, P. T., Goeke-Morey, M. C., & Cummings, J. S. (2006) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00861.x · Cited by 420
Infants of Depressed Mothers Show "Depressed" Behavior Even with Nondepressed Adults
Field, T. M., Healy, B. T., Goldstein, S., Perry, S., Bendell, D., Schanberg, S. M., Zimmerman, E. A., & Kuhn, C. (1988) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1988.tb03684.x · Cited by 419
Frightening maternal behavior linking unresolved loss and disorganized infant attachment.
Schuengel, C., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & Van IJzendoorn, M. H. (1999) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.67.1.54 · Cited by 419
Learning to Talk about Emotions: A Functionalist Perspective
Bretherton, I., Fritz, J. J., Zahn‐Waxler, C., & Ridgeway, D. (1986) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1130334 · Cited by 416
Sroufe, L. A., Egeland, B. R., & Kreutzer, T. (1990) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1990.tb02867.x · Cited by 412
Infants of Depressed Mothers Show "Depressed" Behavior Even with Nondepressed Adults
Field, T., Healy, B., Goldstein, S., Perry, S., Bendell, D., Schanberg, S., Zimmerman, E. A., & Kuhn, C. (1988) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1130671 · Cited by 400
Infants' Reliance on a Social Criterion for Establishing Word-Object Relations
Baldwin, D. A., Markman, E. M., Bill, B., Desjardins, R. N., Irwin, J. M., & Tidball, G. (1996) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1131771 · Cited by 398
Infants' Reliance on a Social Criterion for Establishing Word-Object Relations
Baldwin, D. A., Markman, E. M., Bill, B., Desjardins, R. N., Irwin, J. M., & Tidball, G. (1996) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01906.x · Cited by 398
Parental styles of talking about the past.
Reese, E., & Fıvush, R. (1993) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.29.3.596 · Cited by 397
On resolving the enigma of infantile amnesia.
Howe, M. L., & Courage, M. L. (1993) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.113.2.305 · Cited by 395
Guilt in Young Children: Development, Determinants, and Relations with a Broader System of Standards
Kochanska, G., Gross, J. N., Lin, M., & Nichols, K. E. (2002) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00418 · Cited by 394
Hughes, C. H., & Dunn, J. (1998) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.34.5.1026 · Cited by 394
EMOTIONS AS BEHAVIOR REGULATORS: SOCIAL REFERENCING IN INFANCY
Klinnert, M. D., Campos, J. J., Sorce, J. F., Emde, R. N., & Svejda, M. J. (1983) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-558702-0.50009-1 · Cited by 394
Rochat, P. (2014) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410604194 · Cited by 393
Early attachment and later development.
Thompson, R. A. (1999) · Cited by 388
Self-citationLyons-Ruth, K., Easterbrooks, M. A., & Cibelli, C. D. (1997) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.33.4.681 · Cited by 388
The Reliability and Stability of Individual Differences in Infant-Mother Attachment
Waters, E. (1978) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1128714 · Cited by 387
A developmental interpretation of young children's noncompliance.
Kuczynski, L., Kochanska, G., Radke‐Yarrow, M., & Girnius-Brown, O. (1987) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.23.6.799 · Cited by 383
Wang, Q. (2003) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.40.1.3 · Cited by 382
Crockenberg, S., & Litman, C. (1990) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.26.6.961 · Cited by 381
The role of imitation in understanding persons and developing a theory of mind
Meltzoff, A. N. (1993) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 381
Face Perception During Early Infancy
Mondloch, C. J., Lewis, T. L., Budreau, D. R., Maurer, D. M., Dannemiller, J. L., Stephens, B. R., & Kleiner, K. A. (1999) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00179 · Cited by 381
Measelle, J. R., Ablow, J. C., Cowan, P. A., & Cowan, C. P. (1998) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1998.tb06177.x · Cited by 380
Morality in everyday life : developmental perspectives
Killen, M., & Hart, D. A. (1995) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · Cited by 379
The development of social referencing.
Walden, T., & Ogan, T. A. (1988) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1988.tb01492.x · Cited by 376
Laible, D., & Thompson, R. A. (2000) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00237 · Cited by 374
Self-citationBelsky, J., & Fearon, P. R. M. (2002) · Attachment & Human Development · doi:10.1080/14616730210167267 · Cited by 368
Early Socio–Emotional Development: Contingency Perception and the Social-Biofeedback Model
Rochat, P. (2014) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410604194-12 · Cited by 368
Learning words in nonostensive contexts.
Tomasello, M., & Barton, M. E. (1994) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.30.5.639 · Cited by 366
Infants' ability to connect gaze and emotional expression to intentional action
Phillips, A. T., Wellman, H. M., & Spelke, E. S. (2002) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/s0010-0277(02)00073-2 · Cited by 364
Development of justification in disputes with mother and sibling.
Dunn, J., & Munn, P. (1987) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.23.6.791 · Cited by 363
The role of the father in child development, 3rd ed.
Lamb, M. E. (1997) · Cited by 362
The induced affect response: 10-week-old infants' responses to three emotion expressions.
Haviland, J. M., & Lelwica, M. (1987) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.23.1.97 · Cited by 361
The nature of individual differences in infant–caregiver attachment.
Weinfield, N. S., Sroufe, L. A., Egeland, B. R., & Carlson, E. A. (1999) · Cited by 360
Child emotional security and interparental conflict.
Davies, P. T., Harold, G. T., Goeke‐Morey, M. C., Cummings, E. M., Shelton, K. H., & Rasi, J. A. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 360
Infants’ developing understanding of the link between looker and object
Woodward, A. L. (2003) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/1467-7687.00286 · Cited by 355
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Research works printed but not linked: 89
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Attachment and the processing of social information across the life span: Theory and evidence.
Dykas, M. J., & Cassidy, J. A. (2011) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0021367 · Cited by 772
Family Financial Socialization: Theory and Critical Review
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Metadata
- Authors
- Thompson, R. A.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Thompson, Ross A.
- ORCID
- Thompson, Ross A.
- Venue
- Handbook of Child Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-06
- OpenAlex
- W1962990667
- Cited by
- 326
- References
- 519
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 22
- Type
- other
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Psychology of Development and Education
- Social Sciences › Education › Early Childhood Education and Development
- Keywords
- social understanding, interpersonal relationships, conscience, self, early childhood development, personality development, relational context, shared activities, social cognition, moral development, self-concept
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