Maternal metabolic risk factors for autism spectrum disorder: an analysis of electronic medical records and linked birth data
Abstract
Past studies have suggested that conditions experienced by women during pregnancy (e.g. obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)) may be associated with having a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Our objective was to compare mothers who had a child diagnosed with ASD to mothers of children with a non-ASD developmental disorder (DD) or without any reported DD (controls). To accomplish the objective we collected medical record data from patients who resided in the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center's (CCHMC) primary catchment area and linked those data to data from birth certificates (to identify risk factors). Two comparison groups were analyzed; one with DD; and the other, controls without a reported ASD or DD. Descriptive statistics and regression analyses evaluated differences. Differences were greater comparing mothers of ASD to controls than comparing ASD to DD. Maternal obesity and GDM were associated with a statistically significant approximately 1.5-fold increased odds of having a child with an ASD. For mothers with both GDM and obesity, the association was twofold for having a child with ASD compared with controls. Maternal obesity and GDM might be associated with an increased risk of ASD in the offspring; however, no difference in risk of ASD according to BMI and GDM was seen when comparing to DD. Autism Res 2016, 9: 829-837,. © 2016 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus are associated with a 1.5 times greater odds of ASD in exposed offspring.
“In particular, maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are two factors that have been more extensively studied and were found to be associated with a 1.5 times greater odds of ASD in exposed offspring 55565758.”
From Gastrointestinal Issues and Autism Spectrum Disorder (2020) · cites this paper as [55]
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- Authors
- Connolly, N., Anixt, J., Manning, P., Ping‐I Lin, D., Marsolo, K. A., & Bowers, K.
- Affiliations
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (US)
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio
- University of Cincinnati (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bowers, Katherine
- Venue
- Autism Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-01-29
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 829-837
- ISSN
- 1939-3792 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-3806
- OpenAlex
- W2255331629
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6
- FWCI
- 8.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Autism Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Institutional Clinical and Translational Science Award NIH/NCATS (8UL1TR000077-04)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, maternal obesity, gestational diabetes mellitus, prenatal risk factors, developmental disorders, electronic health records
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Adult, Child, Developmental Disabilities, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Mothers, Obesity, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Risk Factors, Causality, Diabetes, Gestational, Electronic Health Records
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