CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 379Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchMemory and Neural Mechanisms

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 93 of the 94 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Afferents of the ventral tegmental area in the rat-anatomical substratum for integrative functions

Geisler, Stefanie, Zahm, Daniel S.·2005·The Journal of Comparative Neurology
DOI 10.1002/cne.20668
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is critically important to an organism's capacity to detect rewards and novelty and to enlist appropriate behavioral responses. Although there has been substantial progress concerning information processing at the single cell and molecular levels in the VTA, our knowledge of its overall afferent connections is based principally on the benchmark description by Phillipson ([1979] J. Comp. Neurol. 187:117-144). Given that, since then, the sensitivity of tracing methods and knowledge about the organization of brain structures have increased considerably, we undertook to reevaluate the VTA afferents of the rat. The retrograde tracer Fluoro-Gold was injected into different parts of the VTA, and labeled neurons were visualized by immunocytochemistry. Retrogradely labeled neurons were not confined to nuclei but rather constituted an elongated formation stretching from the prefrontal cortex rostrally to the medulla oblongata caudally. In the case of descending afferents, this formation was centered on the medial forebrain bundle and the fasciculus retroflexus. The input to the VTA in general was bilateral, with a smaller descending and comparable ascending projection from the contralateral side. Injections of the anterograde tracers Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin or biotinylated dextran amine into selected forebrain structures revealed a surprisingly sparse terminal arborization in the VTA. Furthermore, structures projecting to the VTA innervate other brain areas with similar or greater robustness, which in turn also provide a strong input to the VTA, indicating an anatomical network. Given the importance of the VTA in basic behaviors, this organization might provide a basis for an extraordinary level of afferent integration.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/cne.20668

Cites

93 of 93 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 94 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. 1995. The rat nervous system, 2nd ed. San Diego: Academic Press.
  2. Seroogy, 1988, Exp Brain Res, 68, 277
  3. Spanagel, 1999, TINS, 22, 521
  4. Zahm, 1996, J Comp Neurol, 364, 340, 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19960108)364:2<340::AID-CNE11>3.0.CO;2-T · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 379

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Geisler, S., & Zahm, D. S.
Affiliations
Saint Louis University (US)
Corresponding author
Zahm, Daniel S.
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Comparative Neurology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2005
Volume
490
Issue
3
Pages
270-294
ISSN
  • 0021-9967 (ISSN-L)
  • 1096-9861
DOI
10.1002/cne.20668
OpenAlex
W1983272530
Cited by
379
References
94
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 30
FWCI
6.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm, 3895 d)
Locations
  • The Journal of Comparative Neurology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA15207, R01DA015207)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS23805, R01NS023805)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Keywords
ventral tegmental area, afferent projections, retrograde tracing, Fluoro-Gold, anterograde tracing, medial forebrain bundle, fasciculus retroflexus, prefrontal cortex, medulla oblongata, terminal arborization, reward processing, novelty detection, rats
MeSH terms
Afferent Pathways, Animals, Biotin, Brain Mapping, Dextrans, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Neurons, Phytohemagglutinins, Stilbamidines, Prosencephalon, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Ventral Tegmental Area, Rats

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review