Exploring the unity and diversity of the neural substrates of executive functioning
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Previous studies exploring the neural substrates of executive functioning used task‐specific analyses, which might not be the most appropriate approach due to the difficulty of precisely isolating executive functions. Consequently, the aim of this study was to use positron emission tomography (PET) to reexamine by conjunction and interaction paradigms the cerebral areas associated with three executive processes (updating, shifting, and inhibition). Three conjunction analyses allowed us to isolate the cerebral areas common to tasks selected to tap into the same executive process. A global conjunction analysis demonstrated that foci of activation common to all tasks were observed in the right intraparietal sulcus, the left superior parietal gyrus, and at a lower statistical threshold, the left lateral prefrontal cortex. These regions thus seem to play a general role in executive functioning. The right intraparietal sulcus seems to play a role in selective attention to relevant stimuli and in suppression of irrelevant information. The left superior parietal region is involved in amodal switching/integration processes. One hypothesis regarding the functional role of the lateral prefrontal cortex is that monitoring and temporal organization of cognitive processes are necessary to carry out ongoing tasks. Finally, interaction analyses showed that specific prefrontal cerebral areas were associated with each executive process. The results of this neuroimaging study are in agreement with cognitive studies demonstrating that executive functioning is characterized by both unity and diversity of processes. Hum. Brain Mapp, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
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Conjunction maps of activation during different tasks suggest that both children and adults recruit a common set of regions within the FPN and CON during diverse EF tasks.
“Conjunction maps of activation during different tasks (e.g., during inhibiting, updating, and shifting tasks), either with data estimated within one study [135, 138, 139] or with meta-analytic techniques [137, 140, 141], suggest that both children and adults recruit a common set of regions within the FPN and CON during diverse EF tasks.”
From The role of prefrontal cortex in cognitive control and executive function (2022) · cites this paper as [135]
The conjunction-analysis results and Discussion (page unavailable) report regions activated across updating, shifting, and inhibition tasks, including parietal regions and, at a lower statistical threshold, left frontal regions. The Subjects section (page unavailable) identifies participants aged 18–34, so this paper does not establish the claim for children. It also does not identify the shared regions as belonging to both the FPN and CON. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAt the neurobiological level, unity can be seen in the overall patterns of neural activations during CC tasks: individuals performing these kinds of tasks generally activate some of the same brain regions across multiple tasks, although they also activate some regions that are unique to a particular task.
“At the neurobiological level, this unity can be seen in the overall patterns of neural activations during CC tasks [135–137]: Neuroimaging studies suggest that individuals performing these kinds of tasks generally activate some of the same brain regions across multiple tasks, although they also activate some regions that are unique to a particular task.”
From The role of prefrontal cortex in cognitive control and executive function (2022) · cites this paper as [135]
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- Authors
- Collette, F., Van der Linden, M., Laureys, S., Delfiore, G., Degueldre, C., Luxen, A., & Salmon, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Liège (BE)
- Venue
- Human Brain Mapping
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-04-25
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 409-423
- ISSN
- 1065-9471 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0193
- PMC
- PMC6871684
- OpenAlex
- W1965086680
- Semantic Scholar
- a8f6ad62fc8443127bcf582a6cc5021fb255b47e
- Cited by
- 409
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 6.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Human Brain Mapping (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ORBi (University of Liège) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Keywords
- executive function, neural correlates, working memory updating, response inhibition, intraparietal sulcus, superior parietal gyrus, lateral prefrontal cortex, conjunction analysis, interaction analysis, selective attention
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Cognition, Female, Humans, Functional Laterality, Male, Models, Neurological, Nerve Net, Neural Inhibition, Neural Pathways, Neuropsychological Tests, Parietal Lobe, Psychomotor Performance, Time Factors, Volition, Prefrontal Cortex, Positron-Emission Tomography
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