Effective connectivity during episodic memory retrieval in schizophrenia participants before and after antipsychotic medication
Open accessAbstract
Background: Impairment in episodic memory is one of the most robust findings in schizophrenia. Disruptions of fronto‐temporal functional connectivity that could explain some aspects of these deficits have been reported. Recent work has identified abnormal hippocampal function in unmedicated patients with schizophrenia (SZ), such as increased metabolism and glutamate content that are not always seen in medicated SZ. For these reasons, we hypothesized that altered fronto‐temporal connectivity might originate from the hippocampus and might be partially restored by antipsychotic medication. Methods: Granger causality methods were used to evaluate the effective connectivity between frontal and temporal regions in 21 unmedicated SZ and 20 matched healthy controls (HC) during performance of an episodic memory retrieval task. In 16 SZ, effective connectivity between these regions was evaluated before and after 1‐week of antipsychotic treatment. Results: In HC, significant effective connectivity originating from the right hippocampus to frontal regions was identified. Compared to HC, unmedicated SZ showed significant altered fronto‐temporal effective connectivity, including reduced right hippocampal to right medial frontal connectivity. After 1‐week of antipsychotic treatment, connectivity more closely resembled the patterns observed in HC, including increased effective connectivity from the right hippocampus to frontal regions. Conclusions: These results support the notion that memory disruption in schizophrenia might originate from hippocampal dysfunction and that medication restores some aspects of fronto‐temporal dysconnectivity. Patterns of fronto‐temporal connectivity could provide valuable biomarkers to identify new treatments for the symptoms of schizophrenia, including memory deficits. Hum Brain Mapp 36:1442–1457, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Antipsychotic medication is associated with potential improvements in episodic memory and insight, which could facilitate autobiographical reasoning and narrative structure.
“By contrast, antipsychotic medication is associated with potential improvements in episodic memory (Eitan et al., 1992; Hutcheson et al., 2015; Reilly et al., 2007) and improvements in insight, which could facilitate autobiographical reasoning and narrative structure (Bianchini et al., 2014).”
From Narrative identity in the psychosis spectrum: A systematic review and developmental model (2021) · cites this paper as Hutcheson et al., 2015
The Discussion reports changes in memory-network connectivity after risperidone and considers whether such changes might eventually be linked to improved memory. But the Results (Demographics and Behavioral Performance; page unavailable) state that no improvement in episodic-memory task performance was observed after one week. The insight and autobiographical-reasoning portion of the citing sentence is attributed to Bianchini et al., not to Hutcheson et al. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAntipsychotic medication is associated with impairments in working memory.
“Antipsychotic medication is associated with impairments in working memory (Eitan et al., 1992; Hutcheson et al., 2015; Reilly et al., 2007), which could make it more difficult to hold autobiographical details in mind during autobiographical reasoning.”
From Narrative identity in the psychosis spectrum: A systematic review and developmental model (2021) · cites this paper as Hutcheson et al., 2015
The Results (Demographics and Behavioral Performance; page unavailable) assess episodic memory and report no improvement after one week of medication. The Discussion (page unavailable) likewise discusses episodic-memory scores and cognitive-test findings, but does not address whether antipsychotic medication is associated with working-memory impairments. A search for working memory and antipsychotic-related impairment found no passage establishing the claim. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Lungu, O., & Stip, É. (2012) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2012.00001 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Fronto-parietal regulation of media violence exposure in adolescents: a multi-method study
Strenziok, M., Krüeger, F., Deshpande, G., Lenroot, R., van der Meer, E. E., & Grafman, J. H. (2010) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsq079 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationThalamic‐insular dysconnectivity in schizophrenia: Evidence from structural equation modeling
Corradi‐Dell’Acqua, C., Tomelleri, L., Bellani, M., Rambaldelli, G., Cerini, R., Mucelli, R. P., Balestrieri, M., Tansella, M., & Brambilla, P. (2011) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.21246 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Kargieman, L., Riga, M. S., Artigas, F., & Celada, P. (2011) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2011.249 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Bolding, M. S., White, D. M., Hadley, J. A., Weiler, M., Holcomb, H. H., & Lahti, A. C. (2012) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2012.00105 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationSpatial and temporal dynamics of cortical networks engaged in memory encoding and retrieval
Miller, B. T., & D’Esposito, M. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00109 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
A rigorous approach for testing the constructionist hypotheses of brain function
Deshpande, G., Sathian, K., Hu, X. P., et al. (2012) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x1100149x · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Mazaika PK, Whitfield-Gabrieli S, Reiss A (2007): Artifact repair for fMRI data from high motion clinical subjects. Human Brain Mapping Conference. Chicago, IL.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Nonsocial and social cognition in schizophrenia: current evidence and future directions
Green, M. F., Horan, W. P., & Lee, J. (2019) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20624 · Cited by 612 · see citing works
Narrative identity in the psychosis spectrum: A systematic review and developmental model
Cowan, H. R., Mittal, V. A., & McAdams, D. P. (2021) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102067 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hutcheson, N. L., Sreenivasan, K. R., Deshpande, G., Reid, M. A., Hadley, J., White, D. M., Ver Hoef, L., & Lahti, A. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
- Auburn University (US)
- Department of Neurology The University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama
- Corresponding author
- Lahti, Adrienne C.
- Venue
- Human Brain Mapping
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-12-11
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1442-1457
- ISSN
- 1065-9471 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0193
- PMC
- PMC6430201
- OpenAlex
- W1495459926
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 99
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 6.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Human Brain Mapping (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (MH 081014, MH102951)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, episodic memory retrieval, effective connectivity, antipsychotic drugs, hippocampus, fronto-temporal connectivity, Granger causality, memory impairment, hippocampal dysfunction, biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Brain Mapping, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neural Pathways, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Antipsychotic Agents, Causality, Treatment Outcome, Risperidone, Memory, Episodic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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