Cited by 60Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsBarrier Structure and Function StudiesNeurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms

The niche matters: Origin, function and fate of CNS-associated macrophages during health and disease

Open access
Dalmau Gasull, Adrià, Glavan, Martina, Samawar, Sai K. Reddy, Kapupara, Kishan, Kelk, Joe, Rubio, Marina, Fumagalli, Stefano, Sorokin, Lydia +2 more·2024·Acta Neuropathologica

Abstract

There are several cellular and acellular structural barriers associated with the brain interfaces, which include the dura, the leptomeninges, the perivascular space and the choroid plexus epithelium. Each structure is enriched by distinct myeloid populations, which mainly originate from erythromyeloid precursors (EMP) in the embryonic yolk sac and seed the CNS during embryogenesis. However, depending on the precise microanatomical environment, resident myeloid cells differ in their marker profile, turnover and the extent to which they can be replenished by blood-derived cells. While some EMP-derived cells seed the parenchyma to become microglia, others engraft the meninges and become CNS-associated macrophages (CAMs), also referred to as border-associated macrophages (BAMs), e.g., leptomeningeal macrophages (MnMΦ). Recent data revealed that MnMΦ migrate into perivascular spaces postnatally where they differentiate into perivascular macrophages (PvMΦ). Under homeostatic conditions in pathogen-free mice, there is virtually no contribution of bone marrow-derived cells to MnMΦ and PvMΦ, but rather to macrophages of the choroid plexus and dura. In neuropathological conditions in which the blood–brain barrier is compromised, however, an influx of bone marrow-derived cells into the CNS can occur, potentially contributing to the pool of CNS myeloid cells. Simultaneously, resident CAMs may also proliferate and undergo transcriptional and proteomic changes, thereby, contributing to the disease outcome. Thus, both resident and infiltrating myeloid cells together act within their microenvironmental niche , but both populations play crucial roles in the overall disease course. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the sources and fates of resident CAMs in health and disease, and the role of the microenvironment in influencing their maintenance and function.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/s00401-023-02676-9

Cites

129 of 129 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Dalmau Gasull, A., Glavan, M., Samawar, S. K. R., Kapupara, K., Kelk, J., Rubio, M., Fumagalli, S., Sorokin, L., Vivien, D., & Prinz, M.
Affiliations
  • Inserm (FR)
  • University of Münster (DE)
  • Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research (IT)
  • University of Freiburg (DE)
Corresponding author
Prinz, Marco
Venue
Acta Neuropathologica
Published
2024-02-12
Volume
147
Issue
1
Pages
37-37
ISSN
  • 0001-6322 (ISSN-L)
  • 1432-0533
OpenAlex
W4391743667
Cited by
60
References
129
Citations by year
2026: 20 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 16
FWCI
3.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Acta Neuropathologica (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Informationszentrum Lebenswissenschaften (ZB MED) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • FreiDok plus (Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg) (submittedVersion)
Funders
Pädagogische Hochschule Freiburg
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
Keywords
border-associated macrophages, perivascular macrophages, choroid plexus macrophages, bone marrow-derived myeloid cells, blood-brain barrier, microglia, macrophage differentiation, neuroinflammation
MeSH terms
Animals, Central Nervous System, Macrophages, Meninges, Microglia, Proteomics, Mice

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review