Microglial physiology: unique stimuli, specialized responses

Alternative activation of macrophages

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Resting microglial cells are highly dynamic surveillants of brain parenchyma in vivo

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Monocyte and macrophage heterogeneity

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Inflammation and Alzheimer’s disease

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Microglia: a sensor for pathological events in the CNS

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ATP mediates rapid microglial response to local brain injury in vivo

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Microglia: Active sensor and versatile effector cells in the normal and pathologic brain

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Blood Monocytes Consist of Two Principal Subsets with Distinct Migratory Properties

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The Classical Complement Cascade Mediates CNS Synapse Elimination

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Immunization with amyloid-β attenuates Alzheimer-disease-like pathology in the PDAPP mouse

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Macrophage activation and polarization

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Taking dendritic cells into medicine

Steinman, R., & Banchereau, J. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06175 · Cited by 2,243 · see citing works

Heterogeneity in the distribution and morphology of microglia in the normal adult mouse brain

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Siglecs and their roles in the immune system

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Cortical demyelination and diffuse white matter injury in multiple sclerosis

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Local self-renewal can sustain CNS microglia maintenance and function throughout adult life

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Onset and Progression in Inherited ALS Determined by Motor Neurons and Microglia

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P2X4 receptors induced in spinal microglia gate tactile allodynia after nerve injury

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The P2Y12 receptor regulates microglial activation by extracellular nucleotides

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Control of microglial neurotoxicity by the fractalkine receptor

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Perivascular microglial cells of the CNS are bone marrow-derived and present antigen in vivo

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Long-term effects of Aβ42 immunisation in Alzheimer's disease: follow-up of a randomised, placebo-controlled phase I trial

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Transected neurites, apoptotic neurons, and reduced inflammation in cortical multiple sclerosis lesions

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Inflammatory cells during wound repair: the good, the bad and the ugly

Martin, P., & Leibovich, S. J. (2005) · Trends in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2005.09.002 · Cited by 1,340 · cited 1× · see citing works

Immune function of microglia

Aloisi, F. (2001) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.1106 · Cited by 1,281 · see citing works

Bone Marrow-Derived Microglia Play a Critical Role in Restricting Senile Plaque Formation in Alzheimer's Disease

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Microglia initiate central nervous system innate and adaptive immune responses through multiple TLRs

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Targeted disruption of the PU.1 gene results in multiple hematopoietic abnormalities

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Wild-Type Nonneuronal Cells Extend Survival of SOD1 Mutant Motor Neurons in ALS Mice

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Microglia in the adult brain arise from Ly-6ChiCCR2+ monocytes only under defined host conditions

Mildner, A., Schmidt, H., Nitsche, M., Merkler, D., Hanisch, U.-K., Mack, M., Heikenwalder, M., Brück, W., Priller, J., & Prinz, M. (2007) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn2015 · Cited by 1,089 · see citing works

A Clonogenic Bone Marrow Progenitor Specific for Macrophages and Dendritic Cells

Fogg, D. K., Sibon, C., Miled, C., Jung, S., Aucouturier, P., Littman, D. R., Cumano, A., & Geissmann, F. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1117729 · Cited by 1,050 · see citing works

Systemic infections and inflammation affect chronic neurodegeneration

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Down-Regulation of the Macrophage Lineage Through Interaction with OX2 (CD200)

Hoek, R. M., Ruuls, S. R., Murphy, C. A., Wright, G. J., Goddard, R., Zurawski, S. M., Blom, B., Homola, M. E., Streit, W. J., Brown, M. H., et al. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.290.5497.1768 · Cited by 1,022 · see citing works

Immunohistochemical localization of macrophages and microglia in the adult and developing mouse brain

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Microglia derive from progenitors, originating from the yolk sac, and which proliferate in the brain

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Dendritic cells permit immune invasion of the CNS in an animal model of multiple sclerosis

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Displacement of synaptic terminals from regenerating motoneurons by microglial cells

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Remyelination is extensive in a subset of multiple sclerosis patients

Patrikios, P., Stadelmann, C., Kutzelnigg, A., Rauschka, H., Schmidbauer, M., Laursen, H., Sorensen, P. S., Bruck, W., Lucchinetti, C., & Lassmann, H. (2006) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awl217 · Cited by 807 · see citing works

UDP acting at P2Y6 receptors is a mediator of microglial phagocytosis

Koizumi, S., Shigemoto-Mogami, Y., Nasu-Tada, K., Shinozaki, Y., Ohsawa, K., Tsuda, M., Joshi, B. V., Jacobson, K. A., Kohsaka, S., & Inoue, K. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05704 · Cited by 802 · see citing works

Systems biology approaches identify ATF3 as a negative regulator of Toll-like receptor 4

Gilchrist, M., Thórsson, V., Li, B., Rust, A. G., Korb, M., Kennedy, K., Hai, T., Bolouri, H., & Aderem, A. A. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04768 · Cited by 796 · see citing works

Neuropathic pain and spinal microglia: a big problem from molecules in ‘small’ glia

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Inflammatory processes in Alzheimer's disease

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Central and Systemic Endotoxin Challenges Exacerbate the Local Inflammatory Response and Increase Neuronal Death during Chronic Neurodegeneration

Cunningham, C., Wilcockson, D. C., Campion, S., Lunnon, K., & Perry, V. H. (2005) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2614-05.2005 · Cited by 768 · see citing works

What is immune privilege (not)?

Galea, I., Bechmann, I., & Perry, V. H. (2007) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2006.11.004 · Cited by 768 · see citing works

Microglia Promote the Death of Developing Purkinje Cells

Marı́n-Teva, J. L., Dusart, I., Colin, C., Gervais, A., van Rooijen, N., & Mallat, M. (2004) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(04)00069-8 · Cited by 757 · see citing works

Wild-type microglia extend survival in PU.1 knockout mice with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis repressed by microglial paralysis

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Turnover of resident microglia in the normal adult mouse brain

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Epitope spreading initiates in the CNS in two mouse models of multiple sclerosis

McMahon, E. J., Bailey, S. L., Castenada, C. V., Waldner, H., & Miller, S. D. (2005) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1202 · Cited by 694 · see citing works

Cutting Edge: TREM-2 Attenuates Macrophage Activation

Turnbull, I. R., Gilfillan, S., Cella, M., Aoshi, T., Miller, M., Piccio, L., Hernandez, M., & Colonna, M. (2006) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.177.6.3520 · Cited by 688 · see citing works

Mutations in Two Genes Encoding Different Subunits of a Receptor Signaling Complex Result in an Identical Disease Phenotype

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Zebrafish Early Macrophages Colonize Cephalic Mesenchyme and Developing Brain, Retina, and Epidermis through a M-CSF Receptor-Dependent Invasive Process

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Migratory fate and differentiation of blood monocyte subsets

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Monocyte/macrophage differentiation in early multiple sclerosis lesions

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Purification and amino acid analysis of two human glioma-derived monocyte chemoattractants.

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Direct measurement of coupling between dendritic spines and shafts

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Migration and differentiation of neural precursor cells can be directed by microglia

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Immunohistochemical localization of a macrophage-specific antigen in developing mouse retina: phagocytosis of dying neurons and differentiation of microglial cells to form a regular array in the plexiform layers.

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Visualising microglial activation in vivo

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BDNF and gp145trkB in multiple sclerosis brain lesions: neuroprotective interactions between immune and neuronal cells?

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TREM2-Transduced Myeloid Precursors Mediate Nervous Tissue Debris Clearance and Facilitate Recovery in an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis

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Microglia instruct subventricular zone neurogenesis

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Bone Marrow-derived Elements in the Central Nervous System: An Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Survey of Rat Chimeras

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Microglial cell activation and proliferation precedes the onset of CNS autoimmunity

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Mechanisms of Microglia-Mediated Neurotoxicity in a New Model of the Stroke Penumbra

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The fibrin-derived γ377-395 peptide inhibits microglia activation and suppresses relapsing paralysis in central nervous system autoimmune disease

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Microglia function in brain tumors

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Systemic infection, interleukin 1beta, and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease

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A genomic screen in yeast implicates kynurenine 3-monooxygenase as a therapeutic target for Huntington disease

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Slow, persistent replication of lentiviruses: role of tissue macrophages and macrophage precursors in bone marrow.

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PK (‘peripheral benzodiazepine’) – binding sites in the CNS indicate early and discrete brain lesions: microautoradiographic detection of [3H]PK 11195 binding to activated microglia

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Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Due to HIV-1 Infection

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You say ITAM and I say ITIM, let's call the whole thing off: the ambiguity of immunoreceptor signalling

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Can the immune system be harnessed to repair the CNS?

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Localizing CNS immune surveillance: Meningeal APCs activate T cells during EAE

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Expression of CCR7 in multiple sclerosis: implications for CNS immunity

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Synaptic changes characterize early behavioural signs in the ME7 model of murine prion disease

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Region‐specific expression of immunoregulatory proteins on microglia in the healthy CNS

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Detection of MHC class II-antigens on macrophages and microglia, but not on astrocytes and endothelia in active multiple sclerosis lesions

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Natalizumab for Multiple Sclerosis

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The genetic causes of basal ganglia calcification, dementia, and bone cysts: <i>DAP12</i> and <i>TREM2</i>

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Magic peptides, magic antibodies: Guidelines for appropriate controls for immunohistochemistry

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Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Lymphocyte Recruitment in Inflamed Brain Microvessels: Critical Roles for P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand-1 and Heterotrimeric Gi-Linked Receptors

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Nitrated alpha‐synuclein‐activated microglial profiling for Parkinson’s disease

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CCR1+/CCR5+ mononuclear phagocytes accumulate in the central nervous system of patients with multiple sclerosis

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Relationship of Apolipoprotein E and Age at Onset to Parkinson Disease Neuropathology

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A global analysis of cross-talk in a mammalian cellular signalling network

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Isolation of murine microglial cells for RNA analysis or flow cytometry

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Modulation of CD4 antigen on macrophages and microglia in rat brain.

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Like cops on the beat: the active role of resting microglia

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CD163‐positive perivascular macrophages in the human CNS express molecules for antigen recognition and presentation

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Signal Regulatory Proteins in the Immune System

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