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Cited by 186Cardiovascular and exercise physiologyPhysical Activity and HealthSports Performance and Training

Body composition, fitness, and metabolic health during strength and endurance training and their combination in middle-aged and older women

Sillanpää, Elina, Laaksonen, David E., Häkkinen, Arja, Karavirta, Laura, Jensen, Benjamin, Kraemer, William J., Nyman, Kai, Häkkinen, Keijo·2009·European Journal of Applied Physiology
DOI 10.1007/s00421-009-1013-x
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Abstract

In this study adaptations in body composition, physical fitness and metabolic health were examined during 21 weeks of endurance and/or strength training in 39- to 64-year-old healthy women. Subjects (n = 62) were randomized into endurance training (E), strength training (S), combined strength and endurance training (SE), or control groups (C). S and E trained 2 and SE 2 + 2 times in a week. Muscle strength and maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2)max) were measured. Leg extension strength increased 9 +/- 8% in S (P < 0.001), 12 +/- 8% in SE (P < 0.001) and 3 +/- 4% in E (P = 0.036), and isometric bench press 20% only in both S and SE (P < 0.001). VO(2)max increased 23 +/- 18% in E and 16 +/- 12% in SE (both P < 0.001). The changes in the total body fat (dual X-ray absorptiometry) did not differ between groups, but significant decreases were observed in E (-5.9%, P = 0.022) and SE (-4.8%, P = 0.005). Lean mass of the legs increased 2.2-2.9% (P = 0.004-0.010) in S, SE and E. There were no differences between the groups in the changes in blood lipids, blood pressure or serum glucose and insulin. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in E. Both S and SE showed small decreases in serum fasting insulin. Both endurance and strength training and their combination led to expected training-specific improvements in physical fitness, without interference in fitness or muscle mass development. All training methods led…

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  • Cycling for 30 min twice a week below anaerobic threshold was not enough to impair strength or lean mass in middle-aged women or old men.

    “Further, Sillanpää et al. showed that cycling for 30 min twice a week below anaerobic threshold was not enough to impair strength or lean mass in middle-aged women [6] or old men [7].”

    From Using Molecular Biology to Maximize Concurrent Training (2014) · cites this paper as [6]

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Authors
Sillanpää, E., Laaksonen, D. E., Häkkinen, A., Karavirta, L., Jensen, B., Kraemer, W. J., Nyman, K., & Häkkinen, K.
Affiliations
  • University of Jyväskylä (FI)
  • University of Eastern Finland (FI)
  • Central Finland Health Care District (FI)
  • University of Connecticut (US)
Corresponding author
Sillanpää, Elina
ORCID
Venue
European Journal of Applied Physiology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2009-03-06
Volume
106
Issue
2
Pages
285-296
ISSN
  • 0020-9376 (ISSN-L)
  • 1439-6319
  • 1439-6327
DOI
10.1007/s00421-009-1013-x
OpenAlex
W2078602064
Cited by
186
References
56
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 13
FWCI
29.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • European Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Keywords
resistance training, endurance training, concurrent training, middle-aged women, older women, body composition, lean body mass, fat mass, muscle strength, VO2max, cardiorespiratory fitness, serum lipids, fasting insulin, metabolic risk factors, training effects
MeSH terms
Adult, Body Composition, Female, Humans, Lipids, Middle Aged, Oxygen Consumption, Physical Endurance, Absorptiometry, Photon, Muscle Strength, Resistance Training

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