Psychometric properties of the Dutch Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) in patients with fibromyalgia
Open accessAbstract
Mindfulness-based interventions are increasingly being used in clinical populations to reduce psychological distress and improve functioning. The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is a questionnaire that measures five facets of mindfulness: observe, describe, actaware, nonjudge and nonreact. The goal of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the FFMQ in a clinical population of fibromyalgia patients. A total of 141 patients completed an online questionnaire on mindfulness (FFMQ) and theoretically related (e.g. acceptance, openness, alexithymia) and unrelated (physical health) constructs. Thirty-eight patients filled in the FFMQ twice. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to test the five-factor structure of the FFMQ. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were respectively assessed with Cronbach's α and intraclass correlation coefficients. Construct validity was examined by correlating FFMQ facets with theoretically related and unrelated constructs. Incremental validity in predicting mental health and psychological symptoms was examined with regression analyses. CFA confirmed the correlated five-factor structure of the FFMQ. Internal consistency of the five facets was satisfactory and test-retest reliability was good to excellent. Construct validity was excellent, as shown by the moderate to large correlations with related constructs (except observe facet) and weak correlation with a theoretically unrelated construct. Two of the five facets (actaware and nonjudge) had incremental validity over the others in predicting mental health and psychological symptoms. After controlling for related constructs, the actaware facet remained a significant predictor. This study showed satisfactory psychometric properties of the Dutch FFMQ in fibromyalgia patients. The observe facet, however, should be used with caution given its deviant relationship with theoretically related constructs.
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Among non-meditators, empirical research repeatedly showed that Observe fits only insufficiently into the hierarchical factor structure of the FFMQ, or is even unrelated to overall mindfulness.
“Even though conceptualized to represent a hierarchical factor structure, with mindfulness on top of the five facets, empirical research among non-meditators repeatedly showed that Observe fits only insufficiently into this structure, or is even unrelated to overall mindfulness [14], [19], [20], [22]–[24].”
From The serenity of the meditating mind: A cross-cultural psychometric study on a two-factor higher order structure of mindfulness, its effects, and mechanisms related to mental health among experienced meditators (2014) · cites this paper as [19]
The Results (Factor structure; page not provided) show that Observe loaded less strongly on overall mindfulness (0.35) than the other four facets, supporting the claim of a weaker fit in the hierarchy. The Discussion cautions that Observe behaves differently in non-meditating samples, but the authors did not assess participants’ meditation experience. Their own results therefore cannot establish that the sample consisted of non-meditators; nor do they show Observe was unrelated to overall mindfulness. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredValidation studies of the FFMQ have shown that its mindfulness facets correlate to a medium-to-large magnitude with specific measures of decentering and acceptance.
“Validation studies of the FFMQ, for instance, have shown that its mindfulness facets correlate to a medium-to-large magnitude with specific measures of decentering (e.g., EQ) and acceptance (e.g., the Accpetance and Action Questionnaire, AAQ; Soler et al., 2014; Veehof et al., 2011), suggesting that these aspects may be operationally challenging to disentangle from each other.”
From Mediators of acceptance and mindfulness-based therapies for anxiety and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as Veehof et al., 2011
The Results (Construct validity; page unavailable) report moderate-to-large correlations between acceptance and the FFMQ facets other than observe; the Methods (Measures; page unavailable) identify the acceptance measure as the AAQ-II. The source does not report correlations with a decentering measure such as the EQ, and its observe facet did not show the claimed magnitude of correlation with acceptance. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredValidation studies of the FFMQ have shown that various mindfulness facets measured by the FFMQ correlate to a medium-to-large magnitude with specific measures of decentering and acceptance.
“As validation studies of the FFMQ have shown that the various mindfulness facets measured by the FFMQ correlate to a medium-to-large magnitude with specific measures of decentering (e.g., EQ) and acceptance (e.g., the Accpetance and Action Questionnaire, AAQ) (Soler et al., 2014; Veehof et al., 2011)”
From Mediators of acceptance and mindfulness-based therapies for anxiety and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as Veehof et al., 2011
These findings correspond to earlier research (e.g., Baer et al., 2006; Veehof et al., 2011).
“These findings correspond to earlier research (e.g., Baer et al., 2006; Veehof et al., 2011).”
From Further evaluation of the psychometric properties of the acceptance and action questionnaire-II (2012) · cites this paper as Veehof et al., 2011
The Discussion (page unavailable) says several of Veehof et al.’s findings accord with Baer et al. (2006). But the citing sentence does not identify what “these findings” are, so our copy cannot establish whether the citing authors’ particular findings correspond to Veehof et al.’s results. (LLM, conf=0.72)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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“…5 Valkamo (2001)122 Chest pain M Finland 200 58.1 (9.4) 34% TAS-20 4 van Middendorp (2008)123 Fibromyalgia C, G, M Netherlands 403 46.5 (12.3) 100% TAS-20 6 Veehof (2011)124 Fibromyalgia M Netherlands 141 43.1 (10.9) 92% TAS-20 5 Vieira (2013)125,* Headache C, M Brazil 39 43.6 (10.7) 100% TAS-26 6…”
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“Subsequent studies have shown that the proposed five-factor structure of mindfulness was empirically robust, being cross-validated in clinical and nonclinical samples, as well as in different countries and languages (Lilja et al. 2011; Veehof et al. 2011).”
BackgroundZarotti, N., Povah, C., & Simpson, J. (2019) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2019.109795 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Ruijgrok-Lupton, P. E., Crane, R. S., & Dorjee, D. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0750-x · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Wang, C., Iversen, M. D., McAlindon, T. E., Harvey, W. F., Wong, J. B., Fielding, R. A., Driban, J. B., Price, L. L., Rones, R., Gamache, T., et al. (2014) · BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1186/1472-6882-14-333 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is a validated, 39-item questionnaire that measures five facets of mindfulness: observe, describe, act aware, nonjudge, and nonreact [52].”
MethodHabibi, M., Yegaei, P. S., Jafari, F., Aghdash, S. A., & Lumley, M. A. (2022) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.2064 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“…100 D, P 8 Healthy control 72 100 Chronic low back pain 56 100 van Middendorp et al. (2008) Netherlands Fibromyalgia 403 100 D 9 Healthy control 196 100 Veehof et al. (2011)a Netherlands Fibromyalgia 131 93 - 6 Weiss et al. (2013) Germany Fibromyalgia 35 100 D 6 Healthy control 35 100 Yüksel et…”
BackgroundRaphiphatthana, B., Jose, P. E., & Kielpikowski, M. (2015) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2015.08.005 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Schroevers, M. J., Tovote, K. A., Keers, J. C., Links, T. P., Sanderman, R., & Fleer, J. (2015) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-013-0235-5 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Abujaradeh, H., Colaianne, B. A., Roeser, R. W., Tsukayama, E., & Galla, B. M. (2020) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1177/0165025419873039 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
“…hand, studies have also found support for a five-factor correlated and a five-factor hierarchical model as providing the best fit in individuals with no meditation experience (Bohlmeijer, ten Klooster, Fledderus, Veehof, & Baer, 2011; Veehof, ten Klooster, Taal, Westerhof, & Bohlmeijer, 2011).”
ResultCebolla, A., Luciano, J. V., Demarzo, M., Navarro‐Gil, M., & García‐Campayo, J. (2013) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/1477-7525-11-6 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“The results from this study showed that the data taken from the patient sample had a similar factorial structure to data taken from a healthy sample [28].”
ResultHocaloski, S., Elliott, S., Brotto, L. A., Breckon, E., & McBride, K. (2016) · Sexuality and Disability · doi:10.1007/s11195-016-9426-z · Cited by 46 · see citing works
“Of note, this measure has been used previously with patients with fibromyalgia and was found to be a reliable and valid measure with which to assess mindfulness in that population [34].”
MethodBerk, L., Hotterbeekx, R., van Os, J., & van Boxtel, M. (2018) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2017.1347142 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Lecuona, O. Z., García‐Garzón, E., García‐Rubio, C., & Rodríguez‐Carvajal, R. (2019) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191119873718 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Butryn, M. L., Arigo, D., Raggio, G. A., Kaufman, A. I., Kerrigan, S. G., & Forman, E. M. (2014) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2013-0338 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Sørensen, L., Osnes, B., Visted, E., Svendsen, J. L., Adólfsdóttir, S., Binder, P., & Schanche, E. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02359 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“The test-retest reliability has also been demonstrated to be good to excellent in a Dutch sample (Veehof et al., 2011).”
BackgroundReynolds, L. M., Bissett, I. P., Porter, D., & Consedine, N. S. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0705-2 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Mindfulness Practice and Its Relationship to the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire
Manuel, J., Somohano, V. C., & Bowen, S. W. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0605-x · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Schellekens, M. P. J., van den Hurk, D. G. M., Prins, J. B., Molema, J., Donders, A. R. T., Woertman, W. H., van der Drift, M. A., & Speckens, A. E. M. (2014) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-3 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“Mindfulness skills are examined with the 39-item Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) [61,62].”
MethodInfluentialvan Dijk, I., Lucassen, P. L., van Weel, C., & Speckens, A. E. M. (2017) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-017-1035-8 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
“It is interesting that also in other target groups like for example men with advanced prostate cancer [57], fibromyalgia patients [58], and a community sample comprising of non-meditators and experienced meditators [59] of all FFMQ subscales ‘acting with awareness’ and ‘non-judging’ are strongest associated with lower…”
BackgroundWatson-Singleton, N. N., Walker, J. H., LoParo, D., Mack, S. A., & Kaslow, N. J. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0776-0 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Mamede, A., Merkelbach, I., Noordzij, G., & Denktaş, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.820959 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-reported mindfulness and soldier health following a combat deployment.
Nassif, T. H., Start, A. R., Toblin, R. L., & Adler, A. B. (2018) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/tra0000413 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Five Facet of Mindfulness Questionnaire
Shallcross, A. J., Lu, N. Y., & Hays, R. D. (2020) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-019-09776-5 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Whitmarsh, S., Uddén, J., Barendregt, H. P., & Petersson, K. M. (2013) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2013.05.007 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Trompetter, H. R., Bohlmeijer, E. T., van Baalen, B., Kleen, M., Köke, A., Reneman, M., & Schreurs, K. M. G. (2014) · European Journal of Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000191 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationDuan, W., & Li, J. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01348 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Cortázar, N., Calvete, E., Fernández‐González, L., & Orue, I. (2019) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2019.1616206 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Scrutinizing the Components of Mindfulness: Insights from Current, Past, and Non-meditators
Pang, D., & Ruch, W. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0990-4 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Mindfulness for singers: The effects of a targeted mindfulness course on learning vocal technique
Czajkowski, A.-M. L., & Greasley, A. (2015) · British Journal of Music Education · doi:10.1017/s0265051715000145 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“The FFMQ has been shown to have good internal consistency and test–retest reliability (Lilja et al., 2011; Veehof et al., 2011) and has been used in a range of mindfulness studies comprising large numbers of participants (Thompson & Waltz, 2010; Veehof et al., 2011; Cowdrey & Park, 2012).”
MethodCladder-Micus, M. B., Becker, E. S., Spijker, J., Speckens, A. E. M., & Vrijsen, J. N. (2019) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-019-09997-8 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Unick, J. L., DUNSIGER, S. I., Bock, B. C., Sherman, S. A., Braun, T. D., & Wing, R. R. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0263405 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“Dispositional mindfulness was assessed via the 39-item Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire [39] which has five subscales related to observing, describing, being non-judgmental and non-reactive to feelings, thoughts, and emotions, and acting with awareness in the moment.”
Mindfulness and Emotional Distress: the Mediating Role of Psychological well-Being
Baroni, D., Nerini, A., Matera, C., & Stefanile, C. (2016) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-016-9524-1 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Jensen, C. G., Krogh, S. C., Westphael, G., & Hjordt, L. V. (2018) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000667 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Weston, E., Raker, C., Huang, D., Parker, A. B., Robison, K. M., & Mathews, C. A. (2019) · Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.jmig.2019.08.021 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Cumulative Childhood Trauma and Couple Satisfaction: Examining the Mediating Role of Mindfulness
Godbout, N., Harvey, F. M., Cyr, G., & Bélanger, C. (2020) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01390-x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“The FFMQ is one of the most commonly used measures to assess mindfulness and has been validated with both clinical and nonclinical populations (Aguado et al. 2015; Veehof et al. 2011).”
MethodItem Response Theory Analysis of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and Its Short Forms
Pelham III, W. E., Gonzalez, O., Metcalf, S. A., Whicker, C. L., Scherer, E. A., Witkiewitz, K., Marsch, L. A., & Mackinnon, D. P. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01105-x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Zainal, N. H., & Newman, M. G. (2023) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.2 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“, psychological well-being) [43], and retest reliability [44].”
Wang, C., McAlindon, T. E., Fielding, R. A., Harvey, W. F., Driban, J. B., Price, L. L., Kalish, R. A., Schmid, A., Scott, T. M., & Schmid, C. H. (2015) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-015-0548-x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire is a validated, 39-item questionnaire that measures five facets of mindfulness: observe, describe, act aware, nonjudge, and nonreact [59].”
BackgroundKlaassen, K., Nyklíček, I., Traa, S., & de Nijs, R. N. J. (2011) · Clinical Rheumatology · doi:10.1007/s10067-011-1905-0 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Cladder-Micus, M. B., Vrijsen, J., Becker, E., Donders, R., Spijker, J., & Speckens, A. (2015) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-015-0647-y · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“The Dutch version of the FFMQ has good psychometric properties [35, 36] and has previously been used in research on mindfulness skills in bipolar disorder [37].”
MethodCheng, S. K., Banks, K., Bartlett, B. A., Miguel, G. S., & Vujanovic, A. A. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0814-y · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Trait mindfulness during pregnancy and perception of childbirth
Hulsbosch, L. P., Boekhorst, M. G. B. M., Potharst, E. S., Pop, V. J. M., & Nyklíček, I. (2021) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-020-01062-8 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
The Validity and Reliability of the Short Form of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire in Japan
Takahashi, T., Saito, J., Fujino, M., Sato, M., & Kumano, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.833381 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Feliu-Soler, A., Pérez-Aranda, A., Luciano, J. V., Demarzo, M., Mariño, M., Soler, J., Van Gordon, W., García-Campayo, J., & Montero-Marín, J. (2021) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01549-6 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Reynolds, L., Consedine, N., & McCambridge, S. A. (2013) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-013-0200-3
Mind fulness and Music: A Promising Subject of an Unmapped Field
Lecuona, O. Z., & Rodríguez‐Carvajal, R. (2014) · International Journal of Behavioral Research & Psychology · doi:10.19070/2332-3000-140006 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Racine, M., Jensen, M. P., Harth, M., Morley-Forster, P., & Nielson, W. R. (2018) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2018.09.013 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Schuman‐Olivier, Z., Hoeppner, B. B., Evins, A. E., & Brewer, J. A. (2014) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.850254 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“The FFMQ nonjudgment subscale ranges from 0 to 40 with means in community samples and clinical populations ranging from 23.85 (7.33) to 29.13 (5.79) compared with meditators, 32.4 (5.63) (Baer et al., 2008; Veehof et al., 2011).”
BackgroundInfluentialSpinhoven, P., Hoogerwerf, E., van Giezen, A. E., & Greeven, A. (2022) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2022.102599 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Validation of the five facet mindfulness questionnaire among community-dwelling older adults.
Brady, B., Kneebone, I. I., & Bailey, P. E. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0994-0 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Consedine, N. S., & Butler, H. F. (2014) · Psychology, Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2013.824596 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Psychometric properties of Persian version of five facets of mindfulness questionnaire
Khanjani, S., Foroughi, A., Bazani, M., Rafiee, S., Tamannaeifar, S., & Habibi, M. (2022) · Journal of Research in Medical Sciences · doi:10.4103/jrms.jrms_10_20 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“[7] However, no consensus has been reached on the conceptualization of mindfulness, and there were differences such as generalizability, content, and structure problems.[8] On the other hand, most of these self‐report scales do not measure different dimensions of mindfulness.”
BackgroundSchneider, M. N., Zavos, H. M. S., McAdams, T. A., Kovas, Y., Sadeghi, S., & Gregory, A. M. (2019) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2018.11.002 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
McClintock, A. S., Anderson, T., & Cranston, S. (2015) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2015.08.002 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“The FFMQ has demonstrated convergent validity with other mindfulness measures, divergent validity with measures of thought suppression and absentmindedness, and test-retest reliability (ICCs N 0.60) over a 2-week interval (Baer et al., 2006; Baer et al., 2008; Veehof et al., 2010).”
BackgroundInfluentialLilja, J. L., Falkenström, F., Zelleroth, C., Jacobson, E., Risberg, S., Nissling, L., & Weineland, S. (2020) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12602 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Caluyong, M. B., Zambrana, A. F., Romanow, H. C., Nathan, H. J., Nahas, R., & Poulin, P. A. (2015) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-015-0401-z · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“acting with awareness was a positive predictor of mental HRQOL and a negative predictor of depression (Veehof et al. 2011).”
BackgroundTrait mindfulness scores are related to trajectories of depressive symptoms during pregnancy
Hulsbosch, L. P., Boekhorst, M. G. B. M., Endendijk, J. J., Nyklı́ček, I., Potharst, E. S., & Pop, V. J. M. (2022) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.04.023 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Hulsbosch, L. P., van de Poel, E., Nyklı́ček, I., & Boekhorst, M. G. B. M. (2022) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.12.007 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ)
Danielson, C. M., & Jones, S. M. (2017) · doi:10.1002/9781119102991.ch26 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction in Pre-symptomatic Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia: A Pilot Study
Poos, J. M., van den Berg, E., Papma, J. M., van der Tholen, F. C., Seelaar, H., Kaat, L. D., Kievit, J., Tibben, A., Swieten, J. C. V., & Jiskoot, L. C. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.864391 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Svendsen, J. L., Schanche, E., Osnes, B., Vøllestad, J., Visted, E., Dundas, I., Nordby, H., Binder, P., & Sørensen, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00614 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“The test-retest reliability was demonstrated to be good to excellent in a Dutch sample (Veehof et al., 2011).”
BackgroundZainal, N. H., Tan, H. H., Hong, R. Y. S., & Newman, M. G. (2024) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102858 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Mindfulness, Sustained Attention and Post-traumatic Stress in Tsunami Survivors
Hagen, C., Lien, L., Hauff, E., & Heir, T. (2016) · Psychology and Cognitive Sciences - Open Journal · doi:10.17140/pcsoj-2-115 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Validation of the Polish version of the Short Form of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire
Radoń, S., & Rydzewska, M. (2018) · Roczniki Psychologiczne · doi:10.18290/rpsych.2018.21.3-5 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“They also support the thesis that mindfulness has a multifaceted structure (5-facet orthogonalmodel), as suggested in various studies conducted in other countries (Baer et al., 2006; Bohlmeijer et al., 2011; Dundas et al., 2013; Heeren et al., 2011; Hou et al., 2013; Sugiura et al., 2012; Veehof et al., 2011).”
MethodResultInfluentialIs mindfulness protective against PTSD? A neurocognitive study of 25 Tsunami disaster survivors
Hagen, C., Lien, L., Hauff, E., & Heir, T. (2016) · Journal of Negative Results in BioMedicine · doi:10.1186/s12952-016-0056-x · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“The FFMQ has been validated in several countries [7, 15–19], including Norway [20].”
MethodNonreactivity and metacognition in mindfulness
Whitmarsh, S. (2013) · Radboud Repository (Radboud University) · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Baminiwatta, A., Alahakoon, H., Herath, N. C., Kodithuwakku, K. M., & Nanayakkara, T. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01863-1 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Nonjudge being negatively correlated with Observe has been previously reported in studies validating several translations of the FFMQ, including Chinese, Japanese, Italian and Dutch versions (Arthur et al., 2017; Giovannini et al., 2014; Hou et al., 2013; Sugiura et al., 2012; Veehof et al., 2011).”
ResultCiere, Y., Snippe, E., Padberg, M., Jacobs, B., Visser, A., Sanderman, R., & Fleer, J. (2018) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/hea0000692 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
The Relationship between Mindfulness and Burnout among Master of Social Work Students
Piatkowska, J. (2000) · doi:10.15760/etd.1961 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“Although in some previous studies (Baer et al., 2008, Bohlmeijer et al., 2011, Eisenlohr-Moul et al., 2012, Veehof et al., 2011) one of the facets of mindfulness, observing, was strongly correlated with well-being for the experienced meditators, but not for the non-meditators, this study has not…”
BackgroundResultSturgess, M. A. (2012) · doi:10.26686/wgtn.17003407 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Barros, V. V., Opaleye, E. S., Demarzo, M., Bowen, S., Curado, D. F., Hachul, H., & Noto, A. R. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0194035 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Mindfulness and asthma symptoms: A study among college students
Shi, L., Liang, D., Gao, Y., Huang, J., Nolan, C., Mulvaney, A., Poole, T., & Zhang, H. (2018) · Journal of Asthma · doi:10.1080/02770903.2017.1306545 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Individuals Who Are Suicidal: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Jaegere, E. D., Dumon, E., van Heeringen, K., van Landschoot, R., Stas, P., & Portzky, G. (2023) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811118.2023.2282663 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“The FFMQ-SF has good psychometric properties (Bohlmeijer et al., 2011; Veehof et al., 2011).”
Refinement and Validation of the Balanced Inventory of Mindfulness-Related Skills (BIMS)
Padmanabham, S. S., Bilgrami, Z. R., Eisenlohr-Moul, T. A., & Dam, N. T. V. (2021) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01590-5 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Kraemer, K. M., & McLeish, A. (2019) · Psychology, Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2018.1529326 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
- Authors
- Veehof, M. M., ten Klooster, P. M., Taal, E., Westerhof, G. J., & Bohlmeijer, E. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Twente (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Veehof, Martine M.
- Venue
- Clinical Rheumatology
- Published
- 2011-02-25
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1045-1054
- ISSN
- 0770-3198 (ISSN-L)
- 1434-9949
- PMC
- PMC3145081
- OpenAlex
- W2102457727
- Cited by
- 158
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 10.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Clinical Rheumatology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Twente Research Information (publishedVersion)
- University of Twente Research Information (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Keywords
- Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, fibromyalgia, mindfulness, psychometric properties, incremental validity, construct validity, test-retest reliability, acceptance, alexithymia, mental health, psychological symptoms
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Mental Disorders, Female, Fibromyalgia, Humans, Male, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self-Assessment, Stress, Psychological, Reproducibility of Results, Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical, Mind-Body Therapies
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