The Contribution of Childhood Negative Emotionality and Cognitive Control to Anxiety-Linked Neural Dysregulation of Emotion in Adolescence
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Adolescence is a period of heightened emotional reactivity, which is reflected in greater activation in emotion-processing regions of the brain in adolescents relative to children and adults. While elevated emotional reactivity and poor emotion regulation are thought to contribute to the rise in rates of internalizing psychopathology, including anxiety, during adolescence, little research has examined factors predicting individual differences in the neural regulation of emotion that can explain why only some adolescents experience anxiety. To address this gap, the present study examined the contribution of childhood negative emotionality (NE) and cognitive control (CC) to neural processing of emotion in adolescence. A sample of 44 girls (M age = 15.5, SD = 0.35) was selected from a longitudinal study that included self, parent, and teacher report of NE and CC between 2nd and 7th grades. Following 9th grade, girls completed an emotion regulation task during a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. Neural regulation of emotion was indexed by functional connectivity between the amygdala and right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (rVLPFC) during emotion regulation. Analyses revealed that NE predicted a less mature pattern of amygdala-rVLPFC connectivity while CC predicted a more mature pattern of amygdala-rVLPFC connectivity. Additionally, we found an interaction between NE and CC, such that NE predicted emotion dysregulation at low but not high levels of CC. Neural dysregulation of emotion was associated with anxiety symptoms across the following nine months. These findings identify important individual differences in the development of emotion dysregulation that contribute to risk for anxiety in adolescence.
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Activation across similar circuitry during incidental emotion regulation may prospectively predict the development of anxiety symptoms.
“However, activation across similar circuitry during incidental emotion regulation may prospectively predict the development of anxiety symptoms.”
From Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Links to Anxiety and Depression (2019) · cites this paper as [45]
In a sample of ninth grade females (mean age 15), positive amygdala-vlPFC connectivity during an incidental emotion regulation task (affect labeling) predicted future symptoms of anxiety in the following 9 months.
“For example, in a sample of ninth grade females (mean age 15), positive amygdala–vlPFC connectivity during an incidental emotion regulation task (affect labeling [87]) predicted future symptoms of anxiety in the following 9 months [45].”
From Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Links to Anxiety and Depression (2019) · cites this paper as [45]
Childhood negative emotionality (assessed by parent, teacher, and self-report from grades 2-7) related to positive amygdala-right vlPFC connectivity in ninth grade, but only in girls with low levels of cognitive control.
“Interestingly, childhood negative emotionality (assessed by parent, teacher, and self-report from grades 2–7) related to positive amygdala–right vlPFC connectivity in ninth grade, but only in girls with low levels of cognitive control (assessed by Brief Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning reports from grades 5–7).”
From Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Links to Anxiety and Depression (2019) · cites this paper as [45]
Studies of anxiety suggest that disruptions in neural functioning may precede onset of symptomatology.
“Studies of anxiety suggest that disruptions in neural functioning may precede onset of symptomatology.”
From Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Links to Anxiety and Depression (2019) · cites this paper as [45]
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- Authors
- Davis, M. M., Miernicki, M. E., Telzer, E. H., & Rudolph, K. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Davis, Megan M.
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology
- Published
- 2018-07-31
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 515-527
- ISSN
- 0091-0627 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2835
- OpenAlex
- W2774854215
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 3.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH68444, MH105655)
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (Research Board Award)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- cognitive control, amygdala, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, emotional dysregulation, adolescent anxiety, internalizing psychopathology, individual differences, emotional reactivity, girls
- MeSH terms
- Emotional Regulation, Adolescent, Affective Symptoms, Amygdala, Anxiety, Child, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Temperament, Prefrontal Cortex, Executive Function, Connectome
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