Modulation of Amygdalar Activity by the Conscious Regulation of Negative Emotion
Abstract
Lesion and neuroimaging studies suggest the amygdala is important in the perception and production of negative emotion; however, the effects of emotion regulation on the amygdalar response to negative stimuli remain unknown. Using event-related fMRI, we tested the hypothesis that voluntary modulation of negative emotion is associated with changes in neural activity within the amygdala. Negative and neutral pictures were presented with instructions to either “maintain” the emotional response or “passively view” the picture without regulating the emotion. Each picture presentation was followed by a delay, after which subjects indicated how they currently felt via a response keypad. Consistent with previous reports, greater signal change was observed in the amygdala during the presentation of negative compared to neutral pictures. No significant effect of instruction was found during the picture presentation component of the trial. However, a prolonged increase in signal change was observed in the amygdala when subjects maintained the negative emotional response during the delay following negative picture offset. This increase in amygdalar signal due to the active maintenance of negative emotion was significantly correlated with subjects' self-reported dispositional levels of negative affect. These results suggest that consciously evoked cognitive mechanisms that alter the emotional response of the subject operate, at least in part, by altering the degree of neural activity within the amygdala.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The demonstration of changes in arousal due to the intentional regulation strategy coincides with evidence from studies of cognitive regulation of emotion showing behavioral, physiological, and neural changes associated with intentional reappraisal.
“In addition, our demonstration of changes in arousal due to the intentional regulation strategy coincides with evidence from studies of the cognitive regulation of emotion illustrating significant behavioral (1–3), physiological (4, 5), and neural (1–3) changes associated with the intentional use of regulation strategies to reappraise emotional stimuli.”
From Thinking like a trader selectively reduces individuals' loss aversion (2009) · cites this paper as [3]
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,841 · see citing works
Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063 · Cited by 32,433 · see citing works
The emerging field of emotion regulation: an integrative review
Gross, J. J. (1998) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.271 · Cited by 9,916 · see citing works
Emotion regulation: a theme in search of definition.
Thompson, R. A. (1994) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1540-5834.1994.tb01276.x · Cited by 3,877 · see citing works
Spatial registration and normalization of images
Friston, K. J., Ashburner, J., Frith, C., Poline, J.-B., Heather, J. D., & Frackowiak, R. S. J. (1995) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.460030303 · Cited by 3,744 · see citing works
The emotion probe. Studies of motivation and attention.
Lang, P. J. (1995) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.50.5.372 · Cited by 2,846 · see citing works
Cohen, J., MacWhinney, B., Flatt, M., & Provost, J. (1993) · Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers · doi:10.3758/bf03204507 · Cited by 2,802 · see citing works
The emotion probe: Studies of motivation and attention.
Lang, P. J. (1995) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.50.5.372 · Cited by 2,752 · see citing works
Analysis of fMRI Time-Series Revisited—Again
Worsley, K. J., & Friston, K. J. (1995) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.1995.1023 · Cited by 2,198 · see citing works
Dysfunction in the neural circuitry of emotion regulation–a possible prelude to violence
Davidson, R. J., Putnam, K. M., & Larson, C. L. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.289.5479.591 · Cited by 1,894 · see citing works
Self-citationHiding feelings: The acute effects of inhibiting negative and positive emotion.
Gross, J. J., & Levenson, R. W. (1997) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.106.1.95 · Cited by 1,843 · see citing works
Hiding feelings: The acute effects of inhibiting negative and positive emotion
Gross, J. J., & Levenson, R. W. (1997) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.106.1.95 · Cited by 1,834 · see citing works
Ogawa, S., Menon, R. S., Tank, D. W., Kim, S. G., Merkle, H., Ellermann, J. M., & Ugurbil, K. (1993) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1016/s0006-3495(93)81441-3 · Cited by 1,772 · see citing works
The functional neuroanatomy of emotion and affective style
Davidson, R. J., & Irwin, W. (1999) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(98)01265-0 · Cited by 1,684 · see citing works
Self-citationLang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (1999) · Cited by 1,664 · see citing works
Cognitive neuroscience of human social behaviour
Adolphs, R. (2003) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1056 · Cited by 1,657 · see citing works
The amygdala: Neurobiological aspects of emotion, memory, and mental dysfunction.
Aggleton, J. P. (1992) · Wiley-Liss eBooks · Cited by 1,536 · see citing works
Emotion Regulation: A Theme in Search of Definition
Thompson, R. A. (1994) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.2307/1166137 · Cited by 1,366 · see citing works
Emotional suppression: Physiology, self-report, and expressive behavior.
Gross, J. J., & LEVENSON, R. W. (1993) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.64.6.970 · Cited by 1,364 · see citing works
THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMOTION REGULATION AND DYSREGULATION: A CLINICAL PERSPECTIVE
Cole, P. M., Michel, M. K., & Teti, L. O. (2008) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1540-5834.1994.tb01278.x · Cited by 1,273 · see citing works
A functional anatomical study of unipolar depression
Drevets, W., Videen, T., Price, J., Preskorn, S., Carmichael, S., & Raichle, M. (1992) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.12-09-03628.1992 · Cited by 1,266 · see citing works
Emotional suppression: Physiology, self-report, and expressive behavior.
Gross, J. J., & Levenson, R. W. (1993) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.64.6.970 · Cited by 1,262 · see citing works
The Variability of Human, BOLD Hemodynamic Responses
Aguirre, G. K., Zarahn, E., & D’Esposito, M. (1998) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.1998.0369 · Cited by 1,224 · see citing works
Self-citationRauch, S. L., Whalen, P. J., Shin, L. M., McInerney, S. C., Macklin, M. L., Lasko, N. B., Orr, S. P., & Pitman, R. K. (2000) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00828-3 · Cited by 1,111 · see citing works
The human amygdala and the emotional evaluation of sensory stimuli
Zald, D. H. (2003) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(02)00248-5 · Cited by 1,062 · see citing works
Extinction of emotional learning: contribution of medial prefrontal cortex
Morgan, M. A., Romanski, L. M., & LeDoux, J. E. (1993) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(93)90241-c · Cited by 897 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Future studies examining the relations between changes in amygdalar and prefrontal activity resulting from different emotion regulatory strategies may provide a genuine breakthrough in understanding the pathophysiology of mood disorders.”
BackgroundActivation of the left amygdala to a cognitive representation of fear
Phelps, E. A., O'Connor, K. J., Gatenby, J. C., Gore, J. C., Grillon, C., & Davis, M. (2001) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/86110 · Cited by 895 · see citing works
Zald, D. H., & Pardo, J. V. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.8.4119 · Cited by 826 · see citing works
Empirical Analyses of BOLD fMRI Statistics
Zarahn, E., Aguirre, G. K., & D’Esposito, M. (1997) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.1997.0263 · Cited by 695 · see citing works
Self-citationChapman, L. J., & Chapman, J. P. (1987) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/0278-2626(87)90118-7 · Cited by 651 · see citing works
Functional magnetic resonance imaging of symptom provocation in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Breiter, H. C. (1996) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830070041008 · Cited by 626 · see citing works
The Development of Emotion Regulation and Dysregulation: A Clinical Perspective
Cole, P. M., Michel, M. K., & Teti, L. O. (1994) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.2307/1166139 · Cited by 580 · see citing works
Neural activation during selective attention to subjective emotional responses
Lane, R. D., Fink, G. R., Chau, P. M.-L., & Dolan, R. J. (1997) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-199712220-00024 · Cited by 558 · see citing works
Affective neuroscience and psychophysiology: Toward a synthesis
Davidson, R. J. (2003) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/1469-8986.00067 · Cited by 535 · see citing works
Self-citationEmpirical Analyses of BOLD fMRI Statistics
Aguirre, G. K., Zarahn, E., & D’Esposito, M. (1997) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.1997.0264 · Cited by 474 · see citing works
Self-citationSuppression and enhancement of emotional responses to unpleasant pictures
Jackson, D. C., Malmstadt, J. R., Larson, C. L., & Davidson, R. J. (2000) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/1469-8986.3740515 · Cited by 459 · see citing works
Self-citationVisual Imagery and Perception in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Shin, L. M. (1997) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1997.01830150057010 · Cited by 446 · see citing works
A Trial-Based Experimental Design for fMRI
Zarahn, E., Aguirre, G. K., & D’Esposito, M. (1997) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.1997.0279 · Cited by 416 · see citing works
Self-citationSex-related difference in amygdala activity during emotionally influenced memory storage
Cahill, L., Haier, R. J., White, N. S., Fallon, J., Kilpatrick, L., Lawrence, C., Potkin, S. G., & Alkire, M. T. (2001) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1006/nlme.2000.3999 · Cited by 413 · see citing works
fMRI reveals amygdala activation to human faces in social phobics
Birbaumer, N., Grodd, W., Diedrich, O., Klose, U., Erb, M., Lotze, M., Schneider, F., Weiss, U., & Flor, H. (1998) · NeuroReport · doi:10.1097/00001756-199804200-00048 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
McHenry, L. C. (1966) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm196601132740206 · Cited by 372 · see citing works
The amygdala modulates prefrontal cortex activity relative to conditioned fear
Garcia, R., Vouimba, R.-M., Baudry, M., & Thompson, R. F. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/46286 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Metabolic rate in the right amygdala predicts negative affect in depressed patients
Abercrombie, H., Schaefer, S., Larson, C., Oakes, T., Lindgren, K. A., Holden, J., Perlman, S. B., Turski, P., Krahn, D., Benca, R., et al. (1998) · NeuroReport · doi:10.1097/00001756-199810050-00028 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Self-citationHuman amygdala activation detected with echo-planar functional magnetic resonance imaging
Irwin, W., Davidson, R. J., Lowe, M. J., Mock, B. J., Sorenson, J. A., & Turski, P. A. (1996) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-199607290-00014 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Self-citationSl, S. (1978) · PubMed · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Neural components of social evaluation.
Cunningham, W. A., Johnson, M. K., Gatenby, J. C., Gore, J. C., & Banaji, M. R. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.4.639 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Functional MRI reveals left amygdala activation during emotion
Schneider, F. W., Grodd, W., Weiss, U., Klose, U., Mayer, K. R., Nägele, T., & Gur, R. C. (1997) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/s0925-4927(97)00063-2 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
McDonald, A. J. (1987) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902620105 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Irritability in pediatric mania and other childhood psychopathology
LEIBENLUFT, E., BLAIR, R. J. R., CHARNEY, D. S., & PINE, D. S. (2003) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1301.022 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Darwin and the Neural Bases of Emotion and Affective Style
Davidson, R. J. (2003) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1280.014 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self-citationNelson, E. E., Tone, E. B., Monk, C. S., Zarahn, E., Leibenluft, E., Pine, D. S., & Monique Ernst, D. (2003) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00186 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Cerebral blood flow changes in limbic regions induced by unsolvable anagram tasks.
Schneider, F., Gur, R., Alavi, A., Seligman, M., Mozley, L., Smith, R., Mozley, P., & Gur, R. C. (1996) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.153.2.206 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Testing for Neural Responses during Temporal Components of Trials with BOLD fMRI
Zarahn, E. (2000) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2000.0560 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Jennings, J. R. (2003) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000062531.75102.25 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The cognitive control of emotion
OCHSNER, K., & GROSS, J. (2005) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2005.03.010 · Cited by 4,495 · see citing works
Contributions of the Amygdala to Emotion Processing: From Animal Models to Human Behavior
Phelps, E. A., & LeDoux, J. E. (2005) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.09.025 · Cited by 3,203 · see citing works
Hölzel, B. K., Lazar, S. W., Gard, T., Schuman-Olivier, Z., Vago, D. R., & Ott, U. (2011) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691611419671 · Cited by 3,024 · see citing works
Ochsner, K. N., Ray, R. D., Cooper, J. C., Robertson, E. R., Chopra, S., Gabrieli, J. D. E., & Gross, J. J. (2004) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.06.030 · Cited by 2,113 · see citing works
The Neural Bases of Emotion Regulation: Reappraisal and Suppression of Negative Emotion
Goldin, P. R., McRae, K., Ramel, W., & Gross, J. J. (2008) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.05.031 · Cited by 1,886 · see citing works
Emotion and Cognition: Insights from Studies of the Human Amygdala
Phelps, E. A. (2006) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070234 · Cited by 1,798 · see citing works
Prefrontal-Subcortical Pathways Mediating Successful Emotion Regulation
Wager, T. D., Davidson, M. L., Hughes, B. L., Lindquist, M. A., & Ochsner, K. N. (2008) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2008.09.006 · Cited by 1,761 · see citing works
Phelps, E. A., Delgado, M. R., Nearing, K. I., & LeDoux, J. E. (2004) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.08.042 · Cited by 1,753 · see citing works
Neural mechanisms of the cognitive model of depression.
Disner, S. G., Beevers, C. G., Haigh, E. A. P., & Beck, A. T. (2011) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3027 · Cited by 1,718 · see citing works
Cognitive neuroscience of human social behaviour
Adolphs, R. (2003) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1056 · Cited by 1,657 · see citing works
Human emotion and memory: Interactions of the amygdala and hippocampal complex
Phelps, E. A. (2004) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2004.03.015 · Cited by 1,577 · see citing works
Crowell, S. E., Beauchaine, T. P., & Linehan, M. M. (2009) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0015616 · Cited by 1,292 · see citing works
Amygdala–frontal connectivity during emotion regulation
Banks, S. J., Eddy, K. T., Angstadt, M., Nathan, P. J., & Phan, K. L. (2007) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsm029 · Cited by 1,187 · see citing works
“Moreover, the recruitment of these frontal regions occurs when subjects engage in active selfregulation and is associated with modulation of amygdala reactivity (Beauregard et al., 2001; Ochsner et al., 2002; Schaefer et al., 2002; Phan et al., 2005; Urry et al., 2006).”
BackgroundVuilleumier, P., & Pourtois, G. (2007) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.06.003 · Cited by 1,115 · see citing works
NELSON, E. E., LEIBENLUFT, E., McCLURE, E. B., & PINE, D. S. (2005) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291704003915 · Cited by 1,075 · see citing works
The human amygdala and the emotional evaluation of sensory stimuli
Zald, D. H. (2003) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(02)00248-5 · Cited by 1,062 · see citing works
Urry, H. L., van Reekum, C. M., Johnstone, T., Kalin, N. H., Thurow, M. E., Schaefer, H. S., Jackson, C. A., Frye, C. J., Greischar, L. L., Alexander, A. L., et al. (2006) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3215-05.2006 · Cited by 1,056 · see citing works
Self-citationJohnstone, T., van Reekum, C. M., Urry, H. L., Kalin, N. H., & Davidson, R. J. (2007) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2063-07.2007 · Cited by 1,051 · see citing works
Self-citationCognitive Emotion Regulation: Insights From Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
Ochsner, K. N., & Gross, J. J. (2008) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00566.x · Cited by 988 · see citing works
Phan, K. L., Fitzgerald, D. A., Nathan, P. J., Moore, G. J., Uhde, T. W., & Tancer, M. E. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.10.030 · Cited by 892 · see citing works
Neural circuitry underlying the regulation of conditioned fear and its relation to extinction
Delgado, M. R., Nearing, K. I., LeDoux, J. E., & Phelps, E. A. (2008) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2008.06.029 · Cited by 716 · see citing works
McRae, K., Gross, J. J., Weber, J., Robertson, E. R., Sokol-Hessner, P., Ray, R. D., Gabrieli, J. D. E., & Ochsner, K. N. (2012) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsr093 · Cited by 655 · see citing works
Event-related brain potential correlates of emotional face processing
Martin Eimer, A., & Holmes, A. (2006) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.04.022 · Cited by 654 · see citing works
Neural Correlates of Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation
Kim, S. H., & Hamann, S. (2007) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2007.19.5.776 · Cited by 615 · see citing works
Affective neuroscience and psychophysiology: Toward a synthesis
Davidson, R. J. (2003) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/1469-8986.00067 · Cited by 535 · see citing works
Self-citationThe neurobiology of depression and antidepressant action
Willner, P., Scheel-Krüger, J., & Belzung, C. (2013) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.12.007 · Cited by 519 · see citing works
Desbordes, G., Gard, T., Hoge, E. A., Hölzel, B. K., Kerr, C., Lazar, S. W., Olendzki, A., & Vago, D. R. (2015) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-013-0269-8 · Cited by 505 · see citing works
Individual differences in emotion processing
Hamann, S. B., & Canli, T. (2004) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2004.03.010 · Cited by 471 · see citing works
Foti, D., & Hajcak, G. (2008) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.20066 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Desbordes, G., Negi, L. T., Pace, T. W. W., Wallace, B. A., Raison, C. L., & Schwartz, E. L. (2012) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00292 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Thinking like a trader selectively reduces individuals' loss aversion
Sokol-Hessner, P., Hsu, M., Curley, N. G., Delgado, M. R., Camerer, C. F., & Phelps, E. A. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0806761106 · Cited by 452 · see citing works
Well–being and affective style: neural substrates and biobehavioural correlates
Davidson, R. J. (2004) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2004.1510 · Cited by 446 · see citing works
Self-citationHeller, A. S., Johnstone, T., Shackman, A. J., Light, S. N., Peterson, M. J., Kolden, G. G., Kalin, N. H., & Davidson, R. J. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0910651106 · Cited by 444 · see citing works
Self-citationPetrovic, P., Dietrich, T., Fransson, P., Andersson, J., Carlsson, K., & Ingvar, M. (2005) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.05.023 · Cited by 437 · see citing works
The Interface Between Emotion and Attention: A Review of Evidence From Psychology and Neuroscience
Compton, R. J. (2003) · Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews · doi:10.1177/1534582303255278 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
Regulation of emotional responses elicited by threat-related stimuli
Eippert, F., Veit, R., Weiskopf, N., Erb, M., Birbaumer, N., & Anders, S. (2007) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20291 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
Emotion-focused therapy for depression.
Greenberg, L. S., & Watson, J. C. (2006) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/11286-000 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
Motivation, Emotion, and Cognition
(2004) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410610515 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Contextual modulation of amygdala responsivity to surprised faces
Kim, H., Somerville, L. H., Johnstone, T., Polis, S., Alexander, A. L., Shin, L. M., & Whalen, P. J. (2004) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/0898929042947865 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Extending animal models of fear conditioning to humans
Delgado, M. R., Olsson, A., & Phelps, E. A. (2006) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2006.01.006 · Cited by 366 · see citing works
Emotion processing and regulation in bipolar disorder: a review
Townsend, J. D., & Altshuler, L. L. (2012) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2012.01021.x · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Contributions of amygdala and striatal activity in emotion regulation.
Hare, T. A., Tottenham, N., Davidson, M. C., Glover, G. H., & Casey, B. J. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.12.038 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Rosenkranz, J. A., Moore, H., & Grace, A. A. (2003) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-35-11054.2003 · Cited by 344 · see citing works
Banich, M. T., Mackiewicz, K. L., Depue, B. E., Whitmer, A. J., Miller, G. A., & Heller, W. (2009) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.09.010 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Susman, E. J. (2006) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.08.002 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
Automatic Mood-Congruent Amygdala Responses to Masked Facial Expressions in Major Depression
Suslow, T., Konrad, C., Kugel, H., Rumstadt, D., Zwitserlood, P., Schöning, S., Ohrmann, P., Bauer, J., Pyka, M., Kersting, A., et al. (2010) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.07.023 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Neural correlates of epigenesis
Canli, T., Qiu, M., Omura, K., Congdon, E., Haas, B. W., Amin, Z., Herrmann, M., Constable, R. T., & Lesch, K. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · doi:10.1073/pnas.0601674103 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Paying attention to emotion: An fMRI investigation of cognitive and emotional Stroop tasks
Compton, R. J., Banich, M. T., Mohanty, A., Milham, M. P., Herrington, J. D., Miller, G. A., Scalf, P. E., WEBB, A. G., & Heller, W. (2003) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/cabn.3.2.81 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Individual differences in trait rumination and the neural systems supporting cognitive reappraisal
RAY, R. D., OCHSNER, K. N., COOPER, J. C., ROBERTSON, E. R., GABRIELI, J. D. E., & GROSS, J. J. (2005) · Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/cabn.5.2.156 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Cognitive dysfunction in depression: Neurocircuitry and new therapeutic strategies
Murrough, J. W., Iacoviello, B., Neumeister, A., Charney, D. S., & Iosifescu, D. V. (2011) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2011.06.006 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Anxiety Reduction through Detachment: Subjective, Physiological, and Neural Effects
Kalisch, R., Wiech, K., Critchley, H. D., Seymour, B., O'Doherty, J. P., Oakley, D. A., Allen, P., & Dolan, R. J. (2005) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/0898929054021184 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Kross, E., Davidson, M., Weber, J., & Ochsner, K. (2009) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.10.019 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Chen, S., Deng, Z., Xu, Y., Long, Q., Yang, J., & Yuan, J. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00001 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Attending to affect: appraisal strategies modulate the electrocortical response to arousing pictures
Hajcak, G., Moser, J. S., & Simons, R. F. (2006) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.6.3.517 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
van Reekum, C. M., Johnstone, T., Urry, H. L., Thurow, M. E., Schaefer, H. S., Alexander, A. L., & Davidson, R. J. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.03.052 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Self-citationTsuchiya, N., & Adolphs, R. (2007) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2007.01.005 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Somerville, L. H., Kim, H., Johnstone, T., Alexander, A. L., & Whalen, P. J. (2004) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.01.007 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Dysfunction in the neural circuitry of emotional self-regulation in major depressive disorder
Beauregard, M., Paquette, V., & Le´vesque, J. (2006) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/01.wnr.0000220132.32091.9f · Cited by 254 · see citing works
White, S. W., Mazefsky, C. A., Dichter, G. S., Chiu, P. H., Richey, J. A., & Ollendick, T. H. (2014) · International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.05.012 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Beauregard, M. (2007) · Progress in neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2007.01.005 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Neural correlates of personality: An integrative review
Kennis, M., Rademaker, A. R., & Geuze, E. (2012) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.10.012 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Burgmer, M., Gaubitz, M., Konrad, C., Wrenger, M., Hilgart, S., Heuft, G., & Pfleiderer, B. (2009) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3181a32da0 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Modinos, G., Ormel, J., & Aleman, A. (2010) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsq006 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
The cognitive and neurophysiological basis of emotion dysregulation in bipolar disorder.
Green, M., Cahill, C., & Malhi, G. (2007) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2007.01.024 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Emotion dysregulation and the development of borderline personality disorder
Putnam, K. M., & Silk, K. R. (2005) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579405050431 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
The neurobiological basis of temperament: Towards a better understanding of psychopathology
Whittle, S., Allen, N. B., Lubman, D. I., & Yücel, M. (2005) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.09.003 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Neural components of social evaluation.
Cunningham, W. A., Johnson, M. K., Gatenby, J. C., Gore, J. C., & Banaji, M. R. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.4.639 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Frontal-Amygdala Connectivity Alterations During Emotion Downregulation in Bipolar I Disorder
Townsend, J. D., Torrisi, S. J., Lieberman, M. D., Sugar, C. A., Bookheimer, S. Y., & Altshuler, L. L. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.030 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Ventromedial Frontal Lobe Plays a Critical Role in Facial Emotion Recognition
Heberlein, A. S., Padon, A. A., Gillihan, S. J., Farah, M. J., & Fellows, L. K. (2007) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.20049 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
(2006) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.43-4960 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
van Reekum, C. M., Urry, H. L., Johnstone, T., Thurow, M. E., Frye, C. J., Jackson, C. A., Schaefer, H. S., Alexander, A. L., & Davidson, R. J. (2007) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2007.19.2.237 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Self-citationAffective Influence on Judgments and Decisions: Moving towards Core Mechanisms
Winkielman, P., Knutson, B. D., Paulus, M. P., & Trujillo, J. L. (2007) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.11.2.179 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
How do we know the minds of others? Domain-specificity, simulation, and enactive social cognition
Adolphs, R. (2006) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2005.12.127 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Schmahl, C., Herpertz, S. C., Bertsch, K., Ende, G., Flor, H., Kirsch, P., Lis, S., Meyer-Lindenberg, A., Rietschel, M., Schneider, M., et al. (2014) · Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation · doi:10.1186/2051-6673-1-12 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Modulation of anticipatory emotion and perception processing by cognitive control
Herwig, U., Baumgartner, T., Kaffenberger, T., Brühl, A., Kottlow, M., Schreiter-Gasser, U., Abler, B., Jäncke, L., & Rufer, M. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.05.023 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Cognitive generation of affect in bipolar depression: an fMRI study
Malhi, G. S., Lagopoulos, J., Ward, P. B., Kumari, V., Mitchell, P. B., Parker, G. B., Ivanovski, B., & Sachdev, P. S. (2004) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.0953-816x.2003.03159.x · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Williams, L. M., Barton, M., Kemp, A. H., Liddell, B. J., Peduto, A. S., Gordon, E., & Bryant, R. A. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.06.035 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic
Wang, K., Goldenberg, A., Dorison, C. A., Miller, J. K., Uusberg, A., Lerner, J. S., Gross, J. J., Agesin, B. E., Bernardo, M., Campos, O., et al. (2021) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-021-01173-x · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Epstein, R. A., Higgins, J. S., & Thompson‐Schill, S. L. (2005) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/0898929052879987 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Self-citationMood-Driven Behavior in Strategic Interactions
Capra, C. M. (2004) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/0002828041301885 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Emotion regulation, attention to emotion, and the ventral attentional network
Viviani, R. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00746 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Irritability in pediatric mania and other childhood psychopathology
LEIBENLUFT, E., BLAIR, R. J. R., CHARNEY, D. S., & PINE, D. S. (2003) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1301.022 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Barch, D. M. (2005) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbi040 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Maier, S. F. (2015) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2014.09.003 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Individual Differences in the Modulation of Fear-Related Brain Activation by Attentional Control
Mathews, A., Yiend, J., & Lawrence, A. D. (2004) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/0898929042947810 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Abnormal size of the amygdala predicts impaired emotional memory in major depressive disorder
WENIGER, G., LANGE, C., & IRLE, E. (2006) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2006.04.017 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
The neural systems of emotion regulation and abnormalities in major depressive disorder
Park, C., Rosenblat, J. D., Lee, Y. L., Pan, Z., Cao, B., Iacobucci, M., & McIntyre, R. S. (2019) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2019.04.002 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Dissociable networks for the expectancy and perception of emotional stimuli in the human brain
Bermpohl, F., Pascual‐Leone, Á., Amedi, A., Merabet, L. B., Fregni, F., Gaab, N., Alsop, D. C., Gottfried Schlaug, A., & Northoff, G. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.09.040 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Disambiguating the Components of Emotion Regulation
Goldsmith, H. H., & Davidson, R. J. (2004) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00678.x · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Self-citationFMRI activations of amygdala, cingulate cortex, and auditory cortex by infant laughing and crying
Sander, K., Frome, Y., & Scheich, H. (2007) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20333 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Affective Neuroscience: Past, Present, and Future
Dalgleish, T., Dunn, B. D., & Mobbs, D. (2009) · Emotion Review · doi:10.1177/1754073909338307 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
van den Heuvel, O. A., Veltman, D. J., Groenewegen, H. J., Dolan, R. J., Cath, D. C., Boellaard, R., Mesina, C. T., van Balkom, A. J. L. M., van Oppen, P., Witter, M. P., et al. (2004) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2004.06.007 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Sociological Realms of Emotional Experience
Lively, K. J., & Heise, D. R. (2004) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/381915 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Veit, R., Singh, V., Sitaram, R., Caria, A., Rauss, K., & Birbaumer, N. (2012) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsr061 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
The Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation by Implementation Intentions
Hallam, G. P., Webb, T. L., Sheeran, P., Miles, E., Wilkinson, I. D., Hunter, M. D., Barker, A. T., Woodruff, P. W. R., Totterdell, P., Lindquist, K. A., et al. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119500 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
“The general role of the amygdala in ER was further supported by a significant correlation between the reduction in amygdala signal during emotion regulation and the reduction in affect for the implementation intention group as well as the goal intention group [18] [65] [66] though we note that this analysis reveals th…”
ResultNeural Mechanisms of Affective Interference in Schizotypy.
Mohanty, A., Herrington, J. D., Koven, N. S., Fisher, J. E., Wenzel, E. A., WEBB, A. G., Heller, W., Banich, M. T., & Miller, G. A. (2005) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.114.1.16 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Dan‐Glauser, E., & Gross, J. J. (2011) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2011.01191.x · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Neural Correlates of Affect Processing and Aggression in Methamphetamine Dependence
Payer, D. E., Lieberman, M. D., & London, E. D. (2010) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.154 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Altered experience of emotion following bilateral amygdala damage
Tranel, D., Gullickson, G., Koch, M. G., & Adolphs, R. (2006) · Cognitive Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1080/13546800444000281 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
The Human Dimension: How the Prefrontal Cortex Modulates the Subcortical Fear Response
Berkowitz, R. L., Coplan, J. D., Reddy, D. P., & Gorman, J. M. (2007) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro.2007.18.3-4.191 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
- Authors
- Schaefer, S. M., Jackson, D. C., Davidson, R. J., Aguirre, G. K., Kimberg, D. Y., & Thompson-Schill, S. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- University of Pennsylvania
- Venue
- Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
- Publisher
- MIT Press - Journals
- Published
- 2002-08
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 913-921
- ISSN
- 0898-929X (ISSN-L)
- 1530-8898
- OpenAlex
- W2157107537
- Cited by
- 306
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 9.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Foundation for the National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- amygdala, emotion regulation, negative emotions, negative affect, emotional stimuli, neuronal activity modulation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Amygdala, Analysis of Variance, Consciousness, Emotions, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Negativism, Photic Stimulation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
