Temperament, stress reactivity, and coping: implications for depression in childhood and adolescence
Abstract
This article considers the role of temperament in the development of depression during childhood and adolescence. The features of depression in young people and aspects of temperament that are most relevant to depression are briefly reviewed. Studies that have tested the direct and indirect associations of temperament and depressive symptoms in young people are summarized. Evidence suggests that the temperamental characteristics of positive and negative emotionality, and to a lesser extent attentional control, are implicated in depressive symptoms. The role of stress, stress responses, and coping are then examined in the association of temperament and depression. Temperamental characteristics may moderate and be moderated by stress responses and coping in their effects on depression. Directions for future research are highlighted.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Temperamental factors, including autonomic reactivity, are linked to the generation of adolescent depression.
“Compas et al. (2004) linked temperamental factors, including autonomic reactivity, to the generation of adolescent depression.”
From A hope intervention for adolescents: a randomized controlled trial delivered by paraprofessionals (2025) · cites this paper as Compas et al., 2004
The way adolescents cope with stress or handle negative emotions in daily life may increase or buffer against the development of anxiety and depressive symptoms.
“It is known that the way adolescents cope with stress or handle negative emotions in daily life may increase or buffer against the development of anxiety and depressive symptoms [31-33].”
From A Smartphone Serious Game for Adolescents (Grow It! App): Development, Feasibility, and Acceptance Study (2022) · cites this paper as [33]
Cites
A Handbook of Child Psychology
(1932) · Nature · doi:10.1038/130331a0 · Cited by 10,133 · see citing works
Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: Psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications.
Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (1991) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.100.3.316 · Cited by 4,602 · see citing works
Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications
Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (1991) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.100.3.316 · Cited by 4,601 · see citing works
Compas, B. E., Connor-Smith, J. K., Saltzman, H., Thomsen, A. H., & Wadsworth, M. E. (2001) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.127.1.87 · Cited by 3,277 · see citing works
Self-citationHankin, B. L., Abramson, L. Y., Moffitt, T. E., Silva, P. A., McGee, R., & Angell, K. E. (1998) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.107.1.128 · Cited by 2,333 · see citing works
Gartstein, M. A., & Desmarais, E. (2016) · The SAGE Encyclopedia of Contemporary Early Childhood Education · doi:10.4135/9781483340333.n409 · Cited by 2,188 · see citing works
Temperament: Early Developing Personality Traits
Buss, A. H., & Plomin, R. J. (1984) · Research Portal (King's College London) · Cited by 2,139 · see citing works
Temperament, personality, and the mood and anxiety disorders.
Clark, L. A., Watson, D., & Mineka, S. (1994) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.103.1.103 · Cited by 1,685 · see citing works
(1985) · Cited by 1,630 · see citing works
The Role of Ego-Control and Ego-Resiliency in the Organization of Behavior
BLOCK, J. H., & Block, J. H. (1980) · doi:10.4324/9781315803029-7 · Cited by 1,490 · see citing works
Hankin, B. L., & Abramson, L. Y. (2001) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.127.6.773 · Cited by 1,343 · see citing works
Responses to stress in adolescence: Measurement of coping and involuntary stress responses.
Connor-Smith, J. K., Compas, B. E., Wadsworth, M. E., Thomsen, A. H., & Saltzman, H. (2000) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.68.6.976 · Cited by 1,241 · see citing works
Self-citationCaspi, A. (1996) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830110071009 · Cited by 1,159 · see citing works
The development of depression in children and adolescents.
Cicchetti, D., & Toth, S. L. (1998) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.53.2.221 · Cited by 989 · see citing works
Attention, self–regulation and consciousness
The American Association for Research into Nervous and Mental Diseases, Posner, M. I., & Rothbart, M. K. (1998) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.1998.0344 · Cited by 920 · see citing works
Predictors and consequences of childhood depressive symptoms: A 5-year longitudinal study.
Nolen–Hoeksema, S., Girgus, J. S., & Seligman, M. E. P. (1992) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.101.3.405 · Cited by 722 · see citing works
Arousal, affect, and attention as components of temperament.
Derryberry, D., & Rothbart, M. K. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.55.6.958 · Cited by 684 · see citing works
Handbook of Depression in Children and Adolescents
Reynolds, W. M., & Johnston, H. F. (1994) · Issues in clinical child psychology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1510-8 · Cited by 603 · see citing works
Costello, E. J., & Angold, A. C. (1996) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511571114.010 · Cited by 574 · see citing works
Stressors and Child and Adolescent Psychopathology: Measurement Issues and Prospective Effects
Grant, K. E., Compas, B. E., Thurm, A. E., McMahon, S. D., & Gipson, P. Y. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3302_23 · Cited by 566 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Neuropsychology of Temperament
Gray, J. A. (1991) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0643-4_8 · Cited by 551 · see citing works
Internalizing Disorders in Childhood
Kovács, M., & Devlin, B. (1998) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00303 · Cited by 499 · see citing works
Symptoms versus a diagnosis of depression: Differences in psychosocial functioning.
Gotlib, I. H., Lewinsohn, P. M., & Seeley, J. R. (1995) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.63.1.90 · Cited by 459 · see citing works
Lewinsohn, P. M., Rohde, P., Seeley, J. R., Klein, D. N., & Gotlib, I. H. (2000) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.157.10.1584 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Children of depressed parents: Mechanisms of risk and implications for treatment.
(2002) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10449-000 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Development and natural history of mood disorders
Costello, E. J., Pine, D. S., Hammen, C., March, J. S., Plotsky, P. M., Weissman, M. M., Biederman, J., Goldsmith, H. H., Kaufman, J., Lewinsohn, P. M., et al. (2002) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01372-0 · Cited by 430 · see citing works
Uncommon Troubles in Young People:
Whitaker, A. H. (1990) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1990.01810170087013 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Infant Predictors of Inhibited and Uninhibited Profiles
Kagan, J., & Snidman, N. C. (1991) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1991.tb00094.x · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Reid, S. A., Duke, L. M., & Allen, J. J. B. (1998) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/1469-8986.3540389 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Behavioral and Physiological Antecedents of Inhibited and Uninhibited Behavior
Calkins, S. D., Fox, N. A., & Marshall, T. R. (1996) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01749.x · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Temperament, Attention, and Developmental Psychopathology
Rothbart, M. K., & Posner, M. I. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470939390.ch11 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Internalizing Disorders in Childhood
Kovács, M., & Devlin, B. (1998) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1017/s0021963097001765 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
How shall we speak of children's personalities in middle childhood? A preliminary taxonomy.
Shiner, R. L. (1998) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.124.3.308 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Temperament as a Predictor of Symptomatology in Children: Addressing Contamination of Measures
Lengua, L. J., West, S. G., & Sandler, I. N. (1998) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1998.tb06141.x · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Langrock, A. M., Compas, B., Keller, G., Merchant, M. J., & Copeland, M. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3103_03 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Self-citationPredictors and consequences of childhood depressive symptoms: A 5-year longitudinal study.
Nolen–Hoeksema, S., Girgus, J. S., & Seligman, M. E. P. (1992) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.101.3.405 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Taxonomy, assessment, and diagnosis of depression during adolescence.
Compas, B. E., Ey, S., & Grant, K. E. (1993) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.114.2.323 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Self-citationInforming the continuity controversy: A taxometric analysis of depression.
Ruscio, J., & Ruscio, A. M. (2000) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.109.3.473 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Personality Dimensions and Depression: Review and Commentary
Enns, M. W., & Cox, B. J. (1997) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674379704200305 · Cited by 241 · cited 1× · see citing works
“…symptoms and disorders in college students and adults, with reviews showing a consistent positive relation between depression and negative affectivity and a consistent negative relation between depression and positive affectivity (Enns & Cox, 1997; Klein, Durbin, Shankman, & Santiago, 2002).”
Behavioral and Physiological Antecedents of Inhibited and Uninhibited Behavior
Calkins, S. D., Fox, N. A., & Marshall, T. R. (1996) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1131830 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Lengua, L. J., Wolchik, S. A., Sandler, I. N., & West, S. G. (2000) · Journal of Clinical Child Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp2902_9 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
DSM-III-R Disorders in New Zealand 18-Year-Olds
Feehan, M., McGee, R. O., Raja, S. N., & Williams, S. (1994) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/00048679409075849 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Symptoms versus a diagnosis of depression: Differences in psychosocial functioning.
Gotlib, I. H., Lewinsohn, P. M., & Seeley, J. R. (1995) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.63.1.90 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Lengua, L. J., & Long, A. (2002) · Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0193-3973(02)00129-6 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
School-Based Primary Prevention of Depressive Symptomatology in Adolescents
Clarke, G. N., Hawkins, W. E., Murphy, M., & Sheeber, L. (1993) · Journal of Adolescent Research · doi:10.1177/074355489382004 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Rice, F. J., Harold, G. T., & Thapar, A. (2002) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00231 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Chorpita, B. F. (2002) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1023/a:1014709417132 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Gotlib, I. H., Lewinsohn, P. M., Seeley, J. R., Rohde, P., & al, E. (1993) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.102.4.607 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Connor-Smith, J. K., & Compas, B. E. (2002) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1023/a:1013889504101 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Self-citationEmotionality and self-regulation, threat appraisal, and coping in children of divorce
Lengua, L. J., Sandler, I. N., West, S. G., Wolchik, S. A., & Curran, P. J. (1999) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579499001935 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Silberg, J. L., Rutter, M. L., & Eaves, L. J. (2001) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01161-1 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Henderson, H. A., Fox, N. A., & Rubin, K. H. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200101000-00018 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Shiner, R. L., Masten, A. S., & Tellegen, A. (2002) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.83.5.1165 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Davies, P. T., & Windle, M. T. (2001) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00340 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Anthony, J. L., Lonigan, C. J., Hooe, E. S., & Phillips, B. M. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3104_7 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Chapter 3 Regulatory Mechanisms in Infant Development
Rothbart, M. K., Posner, M. I., & Clohessy, A. B. (1990) · Advances in psychology · doi:10.1016/s0166-4115(08)60450-1 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Unmasking unmasked depression in children and adolescents: The problem of comorbidity
Hammen, C. L. (1994) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/0272-7358(94)90018-3 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Depression and heavy alcohol use among adolescents: Concurrent and prospective relations
Windle, M. T., & Davies, P. T. (1999) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579499002345 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Positive and Negative Affectivity in Children: A Multitrait-Multimethod Investigation
Phillips, B. M., Lonigan, C. J., Driscoll, K., & Hooe, E. S. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3104_6 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Gjerde, P. F. (1995) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1995.tb00935.x · Cited by 82 · see citing works
One measure, one meaning: Multiple measures, clearer meaning
Kagan, J., Snidman, N. C., McManis, M. H., WOODWARD, S., & Hardway, C. L. (2002) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579402003048 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Klein, D. N., Durbin, C. E., Shankman, S. A., & Santiago, N. J. (2002) · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Taxonic Structure of Infant Reactivity: Evidence From a Taxometric Perspective
Woodward, S. A., Lenzenweger, M. F., Kagan, J., Snidman, N. C., & Arcus, D. M. (2000) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00259 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Beevers, C. G., & Meyer, B. (2002) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930143000365 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
The heritability of depressive symptoms: multiple informants and multiple measures
Happonen, M., Pulkkinen, L., Kaprio, J. A., van der Meere, J., Viken, R. J., & Rose, R. J. (2002) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00038 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Anxiety, depression and personality structure
del Barrio, V., Rosset, C. M., López-Martínez, R., & Olmedo, M. (1997) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(97)00030-5 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Personality: Temperament, Social Behavior, and the Self
Buss, A. H. (1995) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Neuroticism and extraversion as predictors of coping styles during early adolescence
Gomez, R., Holmberg, K., Bounds, J., Fullarton, C., & Gomez, A. (1999) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(98)00224-4 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Gjerde, P. F. (1995) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1131647 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Tanaka, E., Kijima, N., & Kitamura, T. (1997) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.1997.80.1.251 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Reid, S. A., Duke, L. M., & Allen, J. J. B. (1998) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1017/s0048577298970986 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Psychosocial Stress and Child and Adolescent Depression
Compas, B. E., Grant, K. E., & Ey, S. (1994) · Issues in clinical child psychology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1510-8_23 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationPersonality regulators of coping behavior in adolescents.
Ficková, E. (2001) · Studia Psychologica · Cited by 25 · see citing works
The Role of Temperament as a Moderator of Stress
Wachs, T. D., McCrae, R. R., Kohnstamm, G. A., & Kohnstamm, G. A. (2001) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410600967-12 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Predicting therapy duration from therapist experience and client psychopathology
Renk, K., Dinger, T. M., & Bjugstad, K. B. (2000) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/1097-4679(200012)56:12 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The heritability of depressive symptoms: mutiple informants and multiple measures.
Happonen, M., Pulkinnen, L., Kaprio, J. A., Meere, V. D. J., Viken, R. J., & Rose, R. D. (2002) · University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Carver, C. S., & Connor-Smith, J. (2010) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100352 · Cited by 2,424 · see citing works
Self-citationCompas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., Bettis, A. H., Watson, K. H., Gruhn, M. A., Dunbar, J. P., Williams, E., & Thigpen, J. C. (2017) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000110 · Cited by 1,555 · see citing works
Self-citationHyde, J. S., Mezulis, A. H., & Abramson, L. Y. (2008) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.115.2.291 · Cited by 1,146 · see citing works
Temperament and developmental psychopathology
Nigg, J. T. (2006) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01612.x · Cited by 971 · see citing works
Personality and depression: explanatory models and review of the evidence
Klein, D. N., Kotov, R., & Bufferd, S. J. (2011) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032210-104540 · Cited by 886 · see citing works
Gender differences in temperament: A meta-analysis.
Else-Quest, N. M., Hyde, J. S., Goldsmith, H. H., & Van Hulle, C. A. (2006) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.1.33 · Cited by 1,169 · see citing works
Emotional Development: Action, Communication, and Understanding
Saarni, C., Campos, J., Camras, L., & Witherington, D. C. (2007) · doi:10.1002/9780470147658.chpsy0305 · Cited by 540 · see citing works
The neurobiology of depression and antidepressant action
Willner, P., Scheel-Krüger, J., & Belzung, C. (2013) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.12.007 · Cited by 519 · see citing works
Adolescent depression: Description, causes, and interventions
Hankin, B. L. (2005) · Epilepsy & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2005.10.012 · Cited by 391 · see citing works
Martel, M. M. (2013) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0032247 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Neural systems of positive affect: relevance to understanding child and adolescent depression?
FORBES, E. E., & DAHL, R. E. (2005) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s095457940505039x · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Resilience Among Children Exposed to Domestic Violence: The Role of Risk and Protective Factors
Martinez-Torteya, C., Anne Bogat, G., Von Eye, A., & Levendosky, A. A. (2009) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01279.x · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Playing it cool: Temperament, emotion regulation, and social behavior in preschoolers
Blair, K. A., Denham, S. A., Kochanoff, A. T., & Whipple, B. (2004) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2004.10.002 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
The Development of Coping: Implications for Psychopathology and Resilience
Zimmer‐Gembeck, M. J., & Skinner, E. A. (2016) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119125556.devpsy410 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Moksnes, U. K., Moljord, I. E. O., Espnes, G. A., & Byrne, D. G. (2010) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2010.04.012 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Depression in Children and Adolescents
Garber, J. (2006) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2006.07.007 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Negative Affectivity, Effortful Control, and Attention to Threat-Relevant Stimuli
Lonigan, C. J., & Vasey, M. W. (2008) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-008-9284-y · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Youth Depression in the Family Context: Familial Risk Factors and Models of Treatment
Sander, J. B., & McCarty, C. A. (2005) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-005-6666-3 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Brendgen, M. R., Wanner, B., Morin, A. J. S., & Vitaro, F. (2005) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-005-6739-2 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Temperament and Its Role in Developmental Psychopathology
Rettew, D. C., & McKee, L. G. (2005) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/10673220590923146 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Verstraeten, K., Vasey, M. W., Raes, F., & Bijttebier, P. (2008) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-008-9293-x · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Emotion Regulation Mediates the Relationship between ADHD and Depressive Symptoms in Youth
Seymour, K. E., Chronis-Tuscano, A. M., Halldorsdottir, T., Stupica, B., Owens, K., & Sacks, T. (2011) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-011-9593-4 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Transmission of risk from parents with chronic pain to offspring: An integrative conceptual model
Stone, A. L., & Wilson, A. C. (2016) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000637 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Charbonneau, A. M., Mezulis, A. H., & Hyde, J. S. (2009) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-009-9398-8 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Kraaij, V., & Garnefski, N. (2019) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2018.07.036 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Christofferson, E. S., & Drabick, D. A. G. (2015) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-015-0534-2 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Jaser, S., Langrock, A. M., Keller, G., Merchant, M. J., Benson, M. A., Reeslund, K. L., Champion, J. E., & Compas, B. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3401_18 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Self-citationReduced reward anticipation in youth at high-risk for unipolar depression: A preliminary study
Olino, T. M., McMakin, D. L., Morgan, J. K., Silk, J. S., Birmaher, B. B., Axelson, D., Williamson, D. E., Dahl, R. E., Ryan, N. D., & Forbes, E. E. (2013) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2013.11.005 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Gut microbiota composition is associated with temperament traits in infants
Aatsinki, A.-K., Lahti, L., Uusitupa, H.-M., Munukka, E., Keskitalo, A., Nolvi, S., O'Mahony, S., Pietilä, S., Elo, L. L., Eerola, E., et al. (2019) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2019.05.035 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Olino, T. M., Klein, D. N., Dyson, M. W., Rose, S. A., & Durbin, C. E. (2010) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0020112 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Dougherty, L. R., Klein, D. N., Durbin, C. E., Hayden, E. P., & Olino, T. M. (2010) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2010.29.4.462 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Hankin, B. L., Oppenheimer, C. W., Jenness, J. L., Barrocas, A., Shapero, B. G., & Goldband, J. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20625 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Feng, X., Keenan, K., Hipwell, A., Henneberger, A. K., Rischall, M., Butch, J., Coyne, C. A., Boeldt, D., Hinze, A., & Babinski, D. (2009) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0014617 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Piek, J. P., Rigoli, D., Pearsall-Jones, J. G., Martin, N. C., Hay, D. A., Bennett, K., & Lévy, F. (2007) · Twin Research and Human Genetics · doi:10.1375/twin.10.4.587 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Neurobehavioral markers of resilience to depression amongst adolescents exposed to child abuse
Dennison, M. J., Sheridan, M. A., Busso, D. S., Jenness, J. L., Peverill, M., Rosen, M. L., & McLaughlin, K. A. (2016) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000215 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Katz, L. F., Shortt, J. W., Allen, N. B., Davis, B., Hunter, E. C., Leve, C. S., & Sheeber, L. (2013) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-013-9784-2 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Hankin, B. L. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2012.711708 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Commentary: Differentiated Measures of Temperament and Multiple Pathways to Childhood Disorders
Rothbart, M. K. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3301_8 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Associations Between Temperament and DSM-IV Externalizing Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Rettew, D. C., Copeland, W., Stanger, C., & Hudziak, J. J. (2004) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/00004703-200412000-00001 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Mood impairments in adults previously diagnosed with developmental coordination disorder
Hill, E. L., & Brown, D. (2013) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.3109/09638237.2012.745187 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Ellis, R., Seal, M. L., Simmons, J. G., Whittle, S., Schwartz, O., Byrne, M. L., & Allen, N. B. (2016) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-016-0682-z · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Oshri, A., Carlson, M. W., Kwon, J. A., Zeichner, A., & Wickrama, K. K. A. S. (2016) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-016-0483-5 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Temperament, ADHD and peer relations among schoolchildren: the mediating role of school bullying
Bacchini, D., Affuso, G., & Trotta, T. (2008) · Aggressive Behavior · doi:10.1002/ab.20271 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Wetter, E. K., & Hankin, B. L. (2009) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-009-9299-z · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Stress Generation and Adolescent Depression: Contribution of Interpersonal Stress Responses
Flynn, M. E., & Rudolph, K. D. (2011) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-011-9527-1 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Sanchez, N. C. B., Carroll, J. A., Hulbert, L. E., Dailey, J. W., Willard, S. T., VANN, R. C., Welsh, T. H., & Randel, R. D. (2010) · Livestock Science · doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2010.01.020 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Stratta, P., Capanna, C., Dell’Osso, L., Carmassi, C., Patriarca, S., Di Emidio, G., Riccardi, I., Collazzoni, A., & Rossi, A. (2015) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.12.035 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Nicolai, K. A., Wielgus, M. D., & Mezulis, A. H. (2015) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1111/sltb.12186 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Yap, M. B. H., Allen, N. B., O’Shea, M., Parsia, P. D., Simmons, J. G., & Sheeber, L. (2011) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579410000787 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Rettew, D. C., Vink, J. M., Willemsen, G. A. H. M., Doyle, A., Hudziak, J. J., & Boomsma, D. I. (2006) · Twin Research and Human Genetics · doi:10.1375/183242706776403028 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
The role of emotion theory and research in child therapy development.
Suveg, C. M., Southam‐Gerow, M. A., Goodman, K. L., & Kendall, P. C. (2007) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2850.2007.00096.x · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Gerber, M., & Pühse, U. (2008) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.06.012 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Rudasill, K. M., Niehaus, K., Buhs, E. S., & White, J. M. (2013) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2013.08.002 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Processes of Risk and Resilience During Adolescence
Compas, B. E., & Reeslund, K. L. (2009) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470479193.adlpsy001017 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationAffective, Biological, and Cognitive Predictors of Depressive Symptom Trajectories in Adolescence
Mezulis, A. H., Salk, R. H., Hyde, J. S., Priess, H. A., & Simonson, J. (2013) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-013-9812-2 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Rodríguez, F. M. M. (2017) · European Journal of Education and Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.ejeps.2017.04.001 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Khor, A. S., Melvin, G. A., Reid, S., & Gray, K. M. (2013) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-013-1912-x · Cited by 75 · see citing works
van der Bruggen, C. O., Stams, G. J. J. M., Bögels, S. M., & Paulussen-Hoogeboom, M. C. (2010) · Infant and Child Development · doi:10.1002/icd.665 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Kopala‐Sibley, D. C., Danzig, A. P., Kotov, R., Bromet, E. J., Carlson, G. A., Olino, T. M., Bhatia, V., Black, S. R., & Klein, D. N. (2016) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000152 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Bouvette–Turcot, A., Fleming, A. S., Unternäehrer, E., González, A., Atkinson, L. R., Gaudreau, H., Steiner, M. S., & Meaney, M. J. (2019) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579419000488 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Contributions of Temperament to Buffering and Sensitization Processes in Children's Development
Wachs, T. D. (2006) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1376.004 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Daily hassles and coping dispositions as predictors of psychological adjustment
Seglem, K. B., Oppedal, B., & Røysamb, E. (2014) · International Journal of Behavioral Development · doi:10.1177/0165025414520807 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Helzer, E. G., Connor-Smith, J. K., & Reed, M. A. (2008) · Anxiety Stress & Coping · doi:10.1080/10615800802272244 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationMaternal influences on youth responses to peer stress.
Abaied, J. L., & Rudolph, K. D. (2011) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0025439 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
The role of coping and temperament in the adjustment of children with cancer.
Miller, K. S., Vannatta, K., Compas, B., Vasey, M., McGoron, K., Salley, C. G., & Gerhardt, C. (2009) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsp037 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationCommentary: Role of Temperament in Developmental Models of Psychopathology
Lahey, B. B. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3301_9 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Personality and changes in comorbidity patterns among anxiety and depressive disorders.
Spinhoven, P., de Rooij, M., Heiser, W. J., Smit, J. H., & Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2012) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0028234 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Temperament among offspring at high and low risk for depression
Bruder-Costello, B., Warner, V., Talati, A., Nomura, Y., Bruder, G. E., & Weissman, M. M. (2007) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.02.013 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Shapero, B. G., Hankin, B. L., & Barrocas, A. L. (2013) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2013.32.9.989 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Adam, E. K., Sutton, J. M., Doane, L. D., & Mineka, S. (2008) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579408000461 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Ability Versus Trait Emotional Intelligence
Davis, S. K., & Humphrey, N. (2014) · Journal of Individual Differences · doi:10.1027/1614-0001/a000127 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Mechanisms of change in adolescent life satisfaction: A longitudinal analysis
Lyons, M. D., Huebner, E. S., Hills, K. J., & Horn, M. L. V. (2013) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2013.07.001 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Repetitive Negative Thinking, Temperament, and Adverse Impact in Adults Who Stutter
Tichenor, S. E., & Yaruss, J. S. (2019) · American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology · doi:10.1044/2019_ajslp-19-00077 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Jamison, T. R., & Schuttler, J. O. (2015) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-015-0044-x · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Fox, J. K., Halpern, L. F., Ryan, J. L., & Lowe, K. A. (2010) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.05.009 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Resilience in young children involved with child protective services
Sattler, K. M. P., & Font, S. A. (2017) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.05.004 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Perfectionism in Pediatric Anxiety and Depressive Disorders
Affrunti, N. W., & Woodruff-Borden, J. (2014) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-014-0164-4 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Autobiographical Memory as a Predictor of Depression Vulnerability in Girls
Hipwell, A. E., Sapotichne, B., Klostermann, S., Battista, D. R., & Keenan, K. E. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2011.546037 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Hill‐Soderlund, A. L., & Braungart‐Rieker, J. M. (2008) · Infant Behavior and Development · doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2007.12.007 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Kushner, S. C. (2015) · Child Psychiatry and Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-014-0523-x · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Coping strategies of adolescents with deviant behaviour
Markova, S. V., & Nikitskaya, E. A. (2014) · International Journal of Adolescence and Youth · doi:10.1080/02673843.2013.868363 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Rumination Mediates the Relationship between Infant Temperament and Adolescent Depressive Symptoms
Mezulis, A. H., Priess, H. A., & Hyde, J. S. (2010) · Depression Research and Treatment · doi:10.1155/2011/487873 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Does Prenatal Maternal Distress Contribute to Sex Differences in Child Psychopathology?
Hicks, L. M., Swales, D. A., Garcia, S. E., Driver, C., & Davis, E. P. (2019) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-019-0992-5 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Temperamental Differences in Children's Reactions to Peer Victimization
Sugimura, N., & Rudolph, K. D. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2012.656555 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
The validity of the residuals approach to measuring resilience to adverse childhood experiences
Cahill, S., Hager, R., & Chandola, T. (2022) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-022-00449-y · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Wills, T. A., Ainette, M. G., Mendoza, D., Gibbons, F. X., & Brody, G. H. (2007) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/0893-164x.21.2.205 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Wang, F. L., Chassin, L., Eisenberg, N., & Spinrad, T. L. (2015) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.12406 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Sanchez, N. C. B., Carroll, J. A., Hulbert, L. E., Dailey, J. W., Ballou, M., Randel, R. D., Willard, S. T., VANN, R. C., & Welsh, T. H. (2010) · Innate Immunity · doi:10.1177/1753425910379144 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Kemner, S. M., Mesman, E., Nolen, W. A., Eijckemans, M. J. C., & Hillegers, M. H. J. (2015) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291715000495 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Greene, A. L., & Eaton, N. R. (2016) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.09.010 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Prinzie, P., van Harten, L., Deković, M., van den Akker, A. L., & Shiner, R. L. (2014) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579414000510 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Sanchez, N. C. B., Banta, J. P., Neuendorff, D. A., White, J. C., VANN, R. C., Laurenz, J. C., Welsh, T. H., & Randel, R. D. (2009) · Journal of Animal Science · doi:10.2527/jas.2009-1931 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Temperament as a moderator of the relation between neighborhood and children's adjustment
Bush, N. R., Lengua, L. J., & Colder, C. R. (2010) · Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2010.06.004 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Motor disorder and anxious and depressive symptomatology: A monozygotic co-twin control approach
Pearsall-Jones, J. G., Piek, J. P., Rigoli, D., Martin, N. C., & Lévy, F. (2011) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2011.01.042 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Development of the infant gut microbiome predicts temperament across the first year of life
Fox, M. M., Lee, S. M., Wiley, K. S., Lagishetty, V., Sandman, C. A., Jacobs, J. P., & Glynn, L. M. (2021) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579421000456 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Rudolph, K. D., & Klein, D. N. (2009) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579409990095 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Personality diatheses and Hurricane Sandy: effects on post-disaster depression
Kopala‐Sibley, D. C., Kotov, R., Bromet, E. J., Carlson, G. A., Danzig, A. P., Black, S. R., & Klein, D. N. (2015) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291715002378 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Through the Looking Glass: Temperament and Emotion as Separate and Interwoven Constructs
Pérez‐Edgar, K. E. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-17332-6_7 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Gerber, M., Cheval, B., Cody, R., Colledge, F., Hohberg, V., Klimentidis, Y. C., Lang, C., Looser, V. N., Ludyga, S., Stults‐Kolehmainen, M., et al. (2025) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00021.2024 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EARLY TEMPERAMENT AND DEPRESSION AT 18 YEARS
Bould, H., Araya, R., Pearson, R. M., Stapinski, L. A., Carnegie, R., & Joinson, C. J. (2014) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22294 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
- Authors
- Compas, B. E., Connor-Smith, J., & Jaser, S. S.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Oregon State University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2004-02
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 21-31
- ISSN
- 1537-4416 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-4424
- OpenAlex
- W2089885711
- Cited by
- 361
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 2.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- temperament, depression, childhood depression, adolescent depression, stress reactivity, coping, positive affectivity, negative affectivity, attentional control, depressive symptoms, moderation
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Arousal, Attention, Child, Depressive Disorder, Forecasting, Humans, Individuality, Research, Stress, Psychological, Temperament
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
