Rudimentary signs of immunosenescence in Cytomegalovirus-seropositive healthy young adults
Open accessAbstract
Ageing is associated with a decline in immune competence termed immunosenescence. In the elderly, this process results in an accumulation of differentiated 'effector' phenotype memory T cells, predominantly driven by Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Here, we asked whether CMV also drives immunity towards a senescent profile in healthy young adults. One hundred and fifty-eight individuals (mean ± SD; age 21 ± 3 years, body mass index 22.7 ± 2.7 kg m(2)) were assessed for CMV serostatus, the numbers/proportions of CD4(+) and CD8(+) late differentiated/effector memory cells (i.e. CD27(-)CD28(-)/CD45RA(+)), plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and antibody responses to an in vivo antigen challenge (half-dose influenza vaccine). Thirty percent (48/158) of participants were CMV(+). A higher lymphocyte and CD8(+) count (both p < 0.01) and a lower CD4/CD8 ratio (p < 0.03) were observed in CMV(+) people. Eight percent (4/58) of CMV(+) individuals exhibited a CD4/CD8 ratio <1.0, whereas no CMV(-) donor showed an inverted ratio (p < 0.001). The numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+)CD27(-)CD28(-)/CD45RA(+) cells were ~ fourfold higher in CMV(+) people (p < 0.001). Plasma IL-6 was higher in CMV(+) donors (p < 0.05) and showed a positive association with the numbers of CD8(+)CD28(-) cells (p < 0.03). Finally, there was a significant negative correlation between vaccine-induced antibody responses to the A/Brisbane influenza strain and CMV-specific immunoglobulin G titres (p < 0.05). This reduced vaccination response was associated with greater numbers of total CD8(+) and CD4(+) and CD8(+)CD27(-)CD28(-)/CD45RA(+) cells (p < 0.05). This study observed marked changes in the immune profile of young adults infected with CMV, suggesting that this virus may underlie rudimentary aspects of immunosenescence even in a chronologically young population.
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CD8+CD28− T cells, and to a lesser extent CD4+CD28− T cells, are expanded in chronic CMV infection.
“CD8+CD28− T cells, and less so CD4+CD28− T cells, are expanded in individuals chronically infected with CMV [27].”
From T-cell aging in rheumatoid arthritis (2014) · cites this paper as [27]
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- Authors
- Turner, J. E., Campbell, J. P., Edwards, K. M., Howarth, L. J., Pawelec, G., Aldred, S., Moss, P., Drayson, M. T., Burns, V. E., & Bosch, J. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- University of Tübingen (DE)
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Turner, James E.
- Bosch, Jos A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- AGE
- Published
- 2013-07-12
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 287-297
- ISSN
- 0161-9152 (ISSN-L)
- 1574-4647
- PMC
- PMC3889879
- OpenAlex
- W2070057838
- Cited by
- 87
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 7.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- AGE (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (publishedVersion)
- The University of Bath Online Publications Store (The University of Bath) (submittedVersion)
- Pure (University of Bath) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Action Medical Research
- European Commission (EU-FP7, 259679)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (PA 361/14-1, DFG PA 361/14-1, /14-1)
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (0315890F)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Keywords
- immunosenescence, cytomegalovirus infection, young adults, effector memory T cells, CD4/CD8 ratio, interleukin-6, influenza vaccine response, chronic viral infection, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Antibodies, Viral, Cytomegalovirus Infections, Cytomegalovirus, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Immunoglobulin G, Influenza Vaccines, Male, Interleukin-6, Immunophenotyping, CD4-CD8 Ratio, Young Adult
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