Cited by 414Aging and Gerontology ResearchHealth disparities and outcomesFrailty in Older Adults

An Immune Risk Phenotype, Cognitive Impairment, and Survival in Very Late Life: Impact of Allostatic Load in Swedish Octogenarian and Nonagenarian Humans

Wikby, Anders, Ferguson, Frederick, Forsey, Rosalyn, Thompson, Julie, Strindhall, Jan, Löfgren, Sture, Nilsson, Bengt-Olof, Ernerudh, Jan +2 more·2005·The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences

Abstract

In the previous OCTO longitudinal study, we identified an immune risk phenotype (IRP) of high CD8 and low CD4 numbers and poor proliferative response. We also demonstrated that cognitive impairment constitutes a major predictor of nonsurvival. In the present NONA longitudinal study, we simultaneously examine in a model of allostatic load IRP and compromised cognition in 4-year survival in a population-based sample (n = 138, 86–94 years). Immune system measurements consisted of determinations of T-cell subsets, plasma interleukin 6 and cytomegalovirus and Epstein–Barr virus serology. Interleukin 2 responsiveness to concanavalin A, using data from the previous OCTO (octogenarians) immune study, hereafter OCTO immune, was also examined. Cognitive status was rated using a battery of neuropsychological tests. Logistic regression indicated that the IRP and cognitive impairment together predicted 58% of observed deaths. IRP was associated with late differentiated CD8+CD28−CD27− cells (p <.001), decreased interleukin 2 responsiveness (p <.05) and persistent viral infection (p <.01). Cognitive impairment was associated with increased plasma interleukin 6 (p <.001). IRP individuals with cognitive impairment were all deceased at the follow-up, indicating an allostatic overload.

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Crossref · 10.1093/gerona/60.5.556

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Authors
Wikby, A., Ferguson, F., Forsey, R., Thompson, J., Strindhall, J., Löfgren, S., Nilsson, B.-O., Ernerudh, J., Pawelec, G., & Johansson, B.
Affiliations
Jönköping University (SE)
Corresponding author
Wikby, Anders
Venue
The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
Published
2005-05-01
Volume
60
Issue
5
Pages
556-565
ISSN
  • 1079-5006 (ISSN-L)
  • 1758-535X
OpenAlex
W2153840275
Cited by
407
References
57
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 21
FWCI
23.42
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The Journals of Gerontology Series A (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
European Commission
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
  • Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
Keywords
allostatic load, cognitive impairment, survival, octogenarians, nonagenarians, interleukin-2 responsiveness, interleukin-6, cytomegalovirus serology, Epstein-Barr virus serology, viral persistence, T cell subsets, mortality prediction, oldest old
MeSH terms
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Analysis of Variance, Cognition Disorders, Female, Health Status Indicators, Humans, Interleukin-2, Life Expectancy, Longevity, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Phenotype, Probability, Sweden, Cohort Studies, Geriatric Assessment, Antigens, CD, Interleukin-6, Survival Rate, CD4-CD8 Ratio, Immunocompromised Host, Risk Assessment, Statistics, Nonparametric

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