The DOI matches its Crossref record; 73 of the 75 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Development and Validation of the State Self-Compassion Scale (Long- and Short Form)
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“A survey found that the retest coefficient of this test was 0.89 (11).”
From Effects of the Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Resiliency, Self-Compassion, and Corona Disease Anxiety on Medical Staff Involved in COVID-19 Pandemic (2023) · cites this paper as [11]
Citations
Cites
(1998) · Cited by 36,049
Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063 · Cited by 32,433
Evaluating Goodness-of-Fit Indexes for Testing Measurement Invariance
Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002) · Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1207/s15328007sem0902_5 · Cited by 16,280
Sensitivity of Goodness of Fit Indexes to Lack of Measurement Invariance
Chen, F. F. (2007) · Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705510701301834 · Cited by 12,217
Amazon's Mechanical Turk: A New Source of Inexpensive, Yet High-Quality, Data?
Buhrmester, M., Kwang, T., & Gosling, S. D. (2011) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691610393980 · Cited by 9,996
A very brief measure of the Big-Five personality domains
Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J., & Swann, W. B. (2003) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/s0092-6566(03)00046-1 · Cited by 8,307
Marsh, H. W., Hau, K.-T., & Wen, Z. (2004) · Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1207/s15328007sem1103_2 · Cited by 6,691
The Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Self-Compassion
NEFF, K. D. (2003) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298860309027 · Cited by 6,436 · cited 5×
“As defined by Neff (2003b), a self-compassionate mindset represents the balance between increased compassionate and decreased uncompassionate self-responding to personal struggle.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationSelf-Compassion: An Alternative Conceptualization of a Healthy Attitude Toward Oneself
NEFF, K. (2003) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298860309032 · Cited by 5,440
Self-citationCrawford, J. R., & Henry, J. D. (2004) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1348/0144665031752934 · Cited by 2,957
The Performance of RMSEA in Models With Small Degrees of Freedom
Kenny, D. A., Kaniskan, B., & McCoach, D. B. (2015) · Sociological Methods & Research · doi:10.1177/0049124114543236 · Cited by 2,841
Writing About Emotional Experiences as a Therapeutic Process
Pennebaker, J. W. (1997) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00403.x · Cited by 2,486
A pilot study and randomized controlled trial of the mindful self-compassion program
Neff, K. D., & Germer, C. K. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.21923 · Cited by 2,253
Self-citationThe Rediscovery of Bifactor Measurement Models
Reise, S. P. (2012) · Multivariate Behavioral Research · doi:10.1080/00273171.2012.715555 · Cited by 2,112 · cited 1×
“The first source pertains to the assessment of coexisting global and specific constructs with bifactor modeling being able to model the associations of the global and specific factors on the questionnaire items (see also Reise 2012).”
BackgroundMarsh, H. W., Morin, A. J. S., Parker, P. D., & Kaur, G. (2013) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153700 · Cited by 1,988
Nonnormaland Categorical Data in Structural Equation Modeling
Finney, S. J., & DiStefano, C. (2013) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-62396-246-320251015 · Cited by 1,875
Exploring compassion: A meta-analysis of the association between self-compassion and psychopathology
MacBeth, A., & Gumley, A. (2012) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2012.06.003 · Cited by 1,838
A comparison of some methodologies for the factor analysis of non‐normal Likert variables
Muthén, B., & Kaplan, D. (1985) · British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1985.tb00832.x · Cited by 1,778
Leary, M. R., Tate, E. B., Adams, C. E., Batts Allen, A., & Hancock, J. (2007) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.92.5.887 · Cited by 1,728
The Relationship Between Self‐Compassion and Well‐Being: A Meta‐Analysis
Zessin, U., Dickhäuser, O., & Garbade, S. (2015) · Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.12051 · Cited by 1,237
Neff, K. D., Rude, S. S., & Kirkpatrick, K. L. (2007) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2006.08.002 · Cited by 1,224
Self-citationAn Overview of Analytic Rotation in Exploratory Factor Analysis
Browne, M. W. (2001) · Multivariate Behavioral Research · doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr3601_05 · Cited by 1,145
Scoring and Modeling Psychological Measures in the Presence of Multidimensionality
Reise, S. P., Bonifay, W. E., & Haviland, M. G. (2013) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2012.725437 · Cited by 1,069
Applying Bifactor Statistical Indices in the Evaluation of Psychological Measures
Rodriguez, A., Reise, S. P., & Haviland, M. G. (2016) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2015.1089249 · Cited by 990
On the sins of short-form development.
Smith, G. T., McCarthy, D. M., & Anderson, K. G. (2000) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.12.1.102 · Cited by 965
Morin, A. J. S., Arens, A. K., & Marsh, H. W. (2015) · Structural Equation Modeling A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705511.2014.961800 · Cited by 913
The Self-Compassion Scale is a Valid and Theoretically Coherent Measure of Self-Compassion
Neff, K. D. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-015-0479-3 · Cited by 805
Self-citationMcDonald, R. P. (1970) · British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1970.tb00432.x · Cited by 791
Self-Compassion Increases Self-Improvement Motivation
Breines, J. G., & Chen, S. (2012) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167212445599 · Cited by 771
Self-compassion interventions and psychosocial outcomes: a meta-analysis of RCTs
Ferrari, M., Hunt, C., Harrysunker, A., Abbott, M. J., Beath, A. P., & Einstein, D. A. (2019) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-019-01134-6 · Cited by 740
Self-Compassion: What It Is, What It Does, and How It Relates to Mindfulness
Neff, K. D., & Dahm, K. A. (2015) · Handbook of Mindfulness and Self-Regulation · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2263-5_10 · Cited by 574
Self-citationThe development of compassionate engagement and action scales for self and others
Gilbert, P., Catarino, F., Duarte, C., Matos, M., Kolts, R., Stubbs, J., Ceresatto, L., Duarte, J., Pinto-Gouveia, J., & Basran, J. (2017) · Journal of Compassionate Health Care · doi:10.1186/s40639-017-0033-3 · Cited by 527
Hollis-Walker, L., & Colosimo, K. (2011) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2010.09.033 · Cited by 498
A Tutorial on Hierarchically Structured Constructs
Brunner, M., Nagy, G., & Wilhelm, O. (2012) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2011.00749.x · Cited by 459
Neff, K. D., Tóth-Király, I., Yarnell, L. M., Arimitsu, K., Castilho, P., Ghorbani, N., Guo, H. X., Hirsch, J. K., Hupfeld, J., Hutz, C. S., et al. (2019) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000629 · Cited by 397
Bandalos, D. L. (2014) · Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705511.2014.859510 · Cited by 381
A Reconsideration of the Self-Compassion Scale’s Total Score: Self-Compassion versus Self-Criticism
López, A., Sanderman, R., Smink, A., Zhang, Y., van Sonderen, E., Ranchor, A., & Schroevers, M. J. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0132940 · Cited by 380
Modern Factor Analytic Techniques
Morin, A. J. S., Myers, N. D., & Lee, S. (2020) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119568124.ch51 · Cited by 361
The Development and Validation of the Compassion Scale
Pommier, E., Neff, K. D., & Tóth-Király, I. (2020) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191119874108 · Cited by 345
Self-citationAsparouhov, T., Muthén, B., & Morin, A. J. S. (2015) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206315591075 · Cited by 340
Murray, A. L., & Johnson, W. (2013) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2013.06.004 · Cited by 317
Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling
Morin, A. J. S., Marsh, H. W., & Nagengast, B. (2013) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-62396-246-320251013 · Cited by 302
Delaney, M. C. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0207261 · Cited by 292
Friis, A. M., Johnson, M. H., Cutfield, R. G., & Consedine, N. S. (2016) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc16-0416 · Cited by 291
Costa, J., Marôco, J., Pinto‐Gouveia, J., Ferreira, C., & Castilho, P. (2016) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.1974 · Cited by 289
Marsh, H. W., Martin, A. J., & Jackson, S. A. (2010) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.32.4.438 · Cited by 274
Two is more valid than one: Examining the factor structure of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS).
Brenner, R. E., Heath, P. J., Vogel, D. L., & Credé, M. (2017) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/cou0000211 · Cited by 246
Development and Psychometric Properties of the Sussex-Oxford Compassion Scales (SOCS)
Gu, J., Baer, R., Cavanagh, K., Kuyken, W., & Strauss, C. (2020) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191119860911 · Cited by 238
Neff, K. D., Long, P., Knox, M. C., Davidson, O., Kuchar, A., Costigan, A., Williamson, Z., Rohleder, N., Tóth-Király, I., & Breines, J. G. (2018) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298868.2018.1436587 · Cited by 234
Self-citationDevelopment and Validation of the Self-Compassion Scale for Youth
Neff, K. D., Bluth, K., Tóth‐Király, I., Davidson, O., Knox, M. C., Williamson, Z. H., & Costigan, A. (2020) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2020.1729774 · Cited by 219
Self-citationLavender, J. M., Tull, M. T., DiLillo, D., Messman-Moore, T., & Gratz, K. L. (2017) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191115601218 · Cited by 164
Kirschner, H., Kuyken, W., Wright, K. A., Roberts, H., Brejcha, C., & Karl, A. (2019) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702618812438 · Cited by 160
The Role of Self-Compassion in Buffering Symptoms of Depression in the General Population
Körner, A., Coroiu, A., Copeland, L. S., Gomez-Garibello, C. A., Albani, C., Zenger, M., & Brähler, E. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136598 · Cited by 153
Dreisoerner, A., Junker, N. M., & van Dick, R. (2020) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-019-00217-4 · Cited by 153
The Brief State Rumination Inventory (BSRI): Validation and Psychometric Evaluation
Marchetti, I., Mor, N., Chiorri, C., & Koster, E. H. W. (2018) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-018-9901-1 · Cited by 145
Tóth‐Király, I., & Neff, K. D. (2020) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191120926232 · Cited by 134
Self-citationPerreira, T. A., Morin, A. J. S., Hebert, M., Gillet, N., Houle, S. A., & Berta, W. (2018) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2017.12.004 · Cited by 130
Measuring Mindfulness: Applying Generalizability Theory to Distinguish between State and Trait
Medvedev, O. N., Krägeloh, C. U., Narayanan, A., & Siegert, R. J. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0679-0 · Cited by 127
Muris, P., Otgaar, H., & Petrocchi, N. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0509-9 · Cited by 125
Tóth‐Király, I., Morin, A. J. S., Bőthe, B., Orosz, G., & Rigó, A. (2017) · Structural Equation Modeling A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705511.2017.1374867 · Cited by 121
Self-citationExploring the Relationship between Rumination, Self-compassion, and Mood
Odou, N., & Brinker, J. K. (2013) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298868.2013.840332 · Cited by 112
Structural validation of the Self-Compassion Scale with a German general population sample
Coroiu, A., Kwakkenbos, L., Moran, C., Thombs, B. D., Albani, C., Bourkas, S., Zenger, M., Brähler, E., & Körner, A. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0190771 · Cited by 107
Germer, C., & Neff, K. (2019) · Handbook of Mindfulness-Based Programmes · doi:10.4324/9781315265438-28 · Cited by 103
Self-citationDevelopment and validation of the single item trait empathy scale (SITES)
Konrath, S., Meier, B. P., & Bushman, B. J. (2017) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2017.11.009 · Cited by 102
Neff, K. D., Tóth‐Király, I., & Colosimo, K. (2018) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.2148 · Cited by 91
Self-citationExploratory Structural Equation Modeling Analysis of the Self-Compassion Scale
Tóth‐Király, I., Bőthe, B., & Orosz, G. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0662-1 · Cited by 86
Self-citationPhillips, W. J. (2019) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-019-00452-1 · Cited by 73
Truong, Q. C., Krägeloh, C. U., Siegert, R. J., Landon, J., & Medvedev, O. N. (2020) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01324-7 · Cited by 65
Examining the Relationships Among Self-Compassion, Social Anxiety, and Post-Event Processing
Blackie, R. A., & Kocovski, N. L. (2017) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/0033294117740138 · Cited by 58
Katainen, S., Räikkönen, K., & Keltikangas‐Järvinen, L. (1997) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0984(199711)11:4 · Cited by 44
A Pilot Study of the 8-Week Mindful Self-Compassion Training Program in a Chinese Community Sample
Finlay‐jones, A. L., Xie, Q., Huang, X., Ma, X., & Guo, X. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-017-0838-3 · Cited by 42
Tóth‐Király, I., Morin, A. J. S., Bőthe, B., Orosz, G., & Rigó, A. (2017) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.5501995 · Cited by 36
Self-citationDevelopment and Psychometric Evaluation of a Short Version of the Time Perspective Inventory
Danner, D., Treiber, L., & Bošnjak, M. (2016) · European Journal of Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000382 · Cited by 13
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Marsh, H. W., Hau, K. T., & Grayson, D. (2005). Goodness of fit evaluation. In A. Maydeu-Olivares & J. McArdle (Eds.), Contemporary psychometrics (pp. 275–340). London: Psychology Press.
- Nunnally, J. (1978). Psychometric methods. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Self-compassion: Theory, method, research, and intervention
Neff, K. D. (2023) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-032420-031047 · Cited by 931
Neff, K. D. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01832-8 · Cited by 82
Self-citationSeekis, V., & Kennedy, R. (2023) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.02.006 · Cited by 106
Sahdra, B. K., Ciarrochi, J., Fraser, M. I., Yap, K., Haller, E., Hayes, S. C., Hofmann, S. G., & Gloster, A. T. (2023) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02187-4 · Cited by 68
Neff, K. D., & Tóth‐Király, I. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-77644-2_36-1 · Cited by 73
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Neff, K. D., Tóth-Király, I., Knox, M. C., Kuchar, A., & Davidson, O.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- Corresponding author
- Neff, Kristin D.
- Venue
- Mindfulness
- Published
- 2020-09-30
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 121-140
- ISSN
- 1868-8527 (ISSN-L)
- 1868-8535
- OpenAlex
- W3091051561
- Cited by
- 309
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 58 · 2025: 81 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 18
- FWCI
- 10.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Mindfulness (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (435-2018-0368)
- Horizon Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Keywords
- state self-compassion, Self-Compassion Scale, scale development, factor structure, bifactor model, positive and negative affect, psychometric validation, short-form scale
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review