Towards a translational approach to food addiction: Implications for bulimia nervosa
Open accessAbstract
In recent years, the food addiction hypothesis of loss-of-control eating has gained traction in the field of eating disorders. In particular, the neural process of food addiction plays a dominant role in the recently formulated “addictive appetite” model of bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Nonetheless, several components of the food addiction hypothesis, including the presence of withdrawal and tolerance effects, as well as the proposition that some foods possess “addicting” properties, remain highly controversial. In response, the current review synthesises existing evidence for withdrawal and tolerance effects in people with bulimia nervosa. The recent development of a validated tool to measure withdrawal from highly processed foods will aid in measuring withdrawal symptoms and testing hypotheses related to withdrawal in the context of food addiction. We subsequently describe preclinical and human evidence for a central insulin- and dopamine-mediated pathway by which recurrent loss-of-control binge eating is maintained in bulimia nervosa. Evidence in populations with bulimia nervosa and loss-of-control eating provides preliminary support for the role of food addiction in the maintenance of bulimia nervosa. Future longitudinal research is needed to develop a clearer profile of illness progression and to clarify the extent to which dysregulation in glucose metabolism contributes to food craving and symptom maintenance in bulimia nervosa.
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Recent review articles have discussed highly processed foods, often high in glycemic index, as impacting neurohormonal and inflammatory signaling pathways in ways that create a vicious cycle of impulsivity, compulsivity, food addiction, and eating disorders.
“Recent review articles have discussed highly processed foods (often high in glycemic index) as impacting neurohormonal and inflammatory signaling pathways in ways that create a vicious cycle of impulsivity, compulsivity, FA, and EDs [93,94,95].”
From Separating the Signal from the Noise: How Psychiatric Diagnoses Can Help Discern Food Addiction from Dietary Restraint (2020) · cites this paper as [94]
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- Authors
- Leslie, M., Lambert, E., & Treasure, J.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Leslie, Monica
- Venue
- Current Addiction Reports
- Published
- 2019-06-25
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 258-265
- ISSN
- 2196-2952 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2954002402
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 1.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Current Addiction Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- ChesterRep (University of Chester) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- King's College London
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- food addiction, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, loss of control eating, food withdrawal, food tolerance, ultra-processed foods, insulin, dopamine, food cravings, glucose metabolism, symptom maintenance
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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