A follow-up study of attentional behavior in 6-year-old children exposed prenatally to marihuana, cigarettes, and alcohol

Fried, Peter A.; Watkinson, Barbara; Gray, Robert

doi:10.1016/0892-0362(92)90036-a

Cited by 256Prenatal Substance Exposure EffectsSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum

A follow-up study of attentional behavior in 6-year-old children exposed prenatally to marihuana, cigarettes, and alcohol

Fried, Peter A., Watkinson, Barbara, Gray, Robert·1992·Neurotoxicology and Teratology

DOI 10.1016/0892-0362(92)90036-a

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Attentional behavior was examined in one hundred twenty-six 72-month-old children for whom prenatal exposure to marihuana, cigarettes, and alcohol has previously been ascertained. Discriminant Function Analysis revealed a dose-response association between prenatal cigarette exposure and impulsive behavior as manifest on poorer performance on a response inhibition task and increased errors of commission on a sustained vigilance task. Performance on a series of memory tasks particularly those requiring verbal recall was also negatively associated with maternal cigarette use. Prenatal marihuana habits were associated with increased omission errors in the vigilance task, possibly reflecting a deficit in sustained attention. In addition, Discriminant Function Analysis revealed a dose-response relationship between prenatal marihuana use and a higher rating by the mothers on an impulsive/hyperactive scale. Relatively low levels of maternal alcohol consumption was related to decreased impulsive responding both in the response inhibition task and in terms of the mothers' perception of the child's behavior. The multifaceted approach of examining attentional behavior was essential to reveal the differential associations with the three prenatally used drugs. The implications of the observations and how the findings relate to and extend the existing literature is discussed.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/0892-0362(92)90036-a

Cites

41 of 41 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Central processing of auditory stimuli appears to be highly sensitive to disruption by gestational tobacco exposure.
“In particular, central processing of auditory stimuli appears to be highly sensitive to disruption by gestational tobacco exposure.”
From Impaired auditory discrimination learning following perinatal nicotine exposure or β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit deletion (2012) · cites this paper as [13]

Using multivariate statistics
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (1983) · Cited by 79,888 · see citing works
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
&NA; (1988) · Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders · doi:10.1097/00002093-198802020-00022 · Cited by 12,603 · see citing works
The attention system of the human brain
Posner, M. I., & Petersen, S. E. (1990) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.13.030190.000325 · Cited by 8,070 · see citing works
Behavior of Organisms
Skinner, B. F. (1938) · Cited by 3,184 · see citing works
Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment-21
Lansford, J. E., Odgers, C. L., Bradley, R. H., Godwin, J. W., Copeland, W., Rothenberg, W. A., & Dodge, K. A. (2022) · PsycTESTS Dataset · doi:10.1037/t86918-000 · Cited by 2,249 · see citing works
Review of Child Development Research
Jaeger, D. (1976) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/56.11.1307b · Cited by 2,141 · see citing works
A METHOD FOR JUDGING ALL CONTRASTS IN THE ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE *
Scheffé, H. (1953) · Biometrika · doi:10.1093/biomet/40.1-2.87 · Cited by 1,954 · see citing works
A Method for Judging all Contrasts in the Analysis of Variance
Scheffé, H. (1953) · Biometrika · doi:10.2307/2333100 · Cited by 923 · see citing works
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in Adolescents and Adults
Streissguth, A. P. (1991) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1991.03460150065025 · Cited by 921 · see citing works
Alcohol and Brain Development
West, J. R., Goodlett, C. R., & Kelly, S. J. (1987) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e496682006-004 · Cited by 521 · see citing works
36??? and 48-Month Neurobehavioral Follow-up of Children Prenatally Exposed to Marijuana, Cigarettes, and Alcohol
Fried, P. A., & Watkinson, B. (1990) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/00004703-199004000-00003 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Attention Deficit Disorder With and Without Hyperactivity: Clinical Response to Three Dose Levels of Methylphenidate
Barkley, R. A., DuPaul, G. J., & McMurray, M. B. (1991) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.87.4.519 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Neurobehavioral effects of prenatal alcohol: Part II. Partial Least Squares analysis
Sampson, P. D., Streissguth, A. P., Barr, H. M., & Bookstein, F. L. (1989) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/0892-0362(89)90025-1 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure at school age. II. Attention and behavior
Brown, R. T., Coles, C. D., Smith, I. E., Platzman, K. A., Silverstein, J. H., Erickson, S., & Falek, A. (1991) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/0892-0362(91)90085-b · Cited by 257 · see citing works
NATURAL HISTORY OF THE FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME: A 10-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF ELEVEN PATIENTS
Streissguth, A., Clarren, S. K., & Jones, K. L. (1985) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(85)90189-8 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
60??? and 72-Month Follow-up of Children Prenatally Exposed to Marijuana, Cigarettes, and Alcohol
Fried, P. A., CONNELL, C. M. O., & Watkinson, B. (1992) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/00004703-199212000-00001 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
12- and 24-month neurobehavioural follow-up of children prenatally exposed to marihuana, cigarettes and alcohol
Fried, P. A., & Watkinson, B. (1988) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/0892-0362(88)90032-3 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Mental development of children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy.
Naeye, R. L., & Peters, E. C. (1984) · PubMed · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Attention, distraction and reaction time at age 7 years and prenatal alcohol exposure.
Streissguth, A. P., Barr, H. M., Sampson, P. D., Parrish-Johnson, J. C., Kirchner, G. L., & Martin, D. C. (1986) · PubMed · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Neonatal behavioural correlates of prenatal exposure to marihuana, cigarettes and alcohol in a low risk population
Fried, P. A., & Makin, J. E. (1987) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/0892-0362(87)90062-6 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Self-citation
Intrauterine alcohol and nicotine exposure: Attention and reaction time in 4-year-old children.
Streissguth, A. P., Martin, D. C., Barr, H. M., Sandman, B. M., Kirchner, G. L., & Darby, B. L. (1984) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.20.4.533 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
A FOLLOW‐UP STUDY UP TO THE AGE OF 14 OF CHILDREN WHOSE MOTHERS SMOKED DURING PREGNANCY
Rantakallio, P. T. (1983) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09805.x · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Annual review of neuroscience
(1987) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/0165-6147(87)90073-3 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Minimal Brain Dysfunction: A Prospective Study
Nichols, P. L., & Chen, T.-C. (1981) · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Behavioral and Psychophysiological Markers of Disordered Attention
Mirsky, A. F. (1987) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.8774191 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
A comparison of active and passive smoking during pregnancy: Long-term effects
Makin, J., Fried, P. A., & Watkinson, B. (1991) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/0892-0362(91)90021-n · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Neonatal Neurological Status in a Low-Risk Population after Prenatal Exposure to Cigarettes, Marijuana, and Alcohol
Fried, P. A., Watkinson, B., Dillon, R. F., & Dulberg, C. S. (1987) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/00004703-198712000-00003 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Fetal alcohol syndrome in adolescents and adults
Streissguth, A. P. (1991) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.265.15.1961 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Pregnancy outcome in North American women. II. Effects of diet, cigarette smoking, stress, and weight gain on placentas, and on neonatal physical and behavioral characteristics
Picone, T., Allen, L., Olsen, P., & Ferris, M. (1982) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/36.6.1214 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities
(2012) · SpringerReference · doi:10.1007/springerreference_184171 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Hyperkinesis and Maternal Smoking
Denson, R., Nanson, J., & Mcwatters, M. A. (1975) · Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal · doi:10.1177/070674377502000302 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
The behaviour of infants whose mothers smoke in pregnancy
Saxton, D. W. (1978) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/0378-3782(78)90063-4 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Maternal smoking during pregnancy affects children's vigilance performance
Kristjansson, E., Fried, P. A., & Watkinson, B. (1989) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/0376-8716(89)90003-3 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Changing patterns of soft drug use prior to and during pregnancy: A prospective study
Fried, P. A. (1980) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/0376-8716(80)90199-4 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Performance of disturbed hyperactive and nonhyperactive children on an objective measure of hyperactivity
McClure, F. D., & Gordon, M. (1984) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/bf00916850 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and the child's subsequent development: II. Neurological and intellectual maturation to the age of 6 1/2 years.
Hg, D., Ak, M., Sandraingram, & Cm, H. (1977) · PubMed · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Behavioral correlates of prenatal alcohol exposure: a four-year follow-up study.
Landesman‐Dwyer, S., As, R., & Little, R. E. (1981) · PubMed · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Prenatal alcohol exposure and sustained attention in the preschool years
Boyd, T. A., Ernhart, C. B., Greene, T., Sokol, R. J., & Martier, S. (1991) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/0892-0362(91)90027-t · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Prenatal exposure to cannabis: A preliminary report of postnatal consequences in school-age children
O’Connell, C. M., & Fried, P. A. (1991) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/0892-0362(91)90047-z · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Alcohol abuse and attention deficit disorder.
Manshadi, M., Lippmann, S., O'Daniel, R., & Blackman, A. (1983) · PubMed · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Minimal brain dysfunction: A prospective study
Jones, R. (1982) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-4405(82)90057-7 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 42 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Maternal Lifestyle Factors in Pregnancy Risk of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Associated Behaviors: Review of the Current Evidence
Linnet, K. M., Dalsgaard, S., Obel, C., Wisborg, K., Henriksen, T. B., Rodriguez, A., Kotimaa, A., Moilanen, I., Thomsen, P. H., Olsen, J., et al. (2003) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.6.1028 · Cited by 778 · see citing works
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
Sokol, R. J. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.290.22.2996 · Cited by 767 · see citing works
Effects of Moderate Alcohol Consumption on the Central Nervous System*
Eckardt, M. J., File, S. E., Gessa, G. L., Grant, K. A., Guerri, C., Hoffman, P. L., Kalant, H., Koob, G. F., Li, T., & Tabakoff, B. (1998) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1998.tb03695.x · Cited by 622 · see citing works
A Review of the Neurobehavioral Deficits in Children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol
Mattson, S. N., & Riley, E. P. (1998) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1998.tb03651.x · Cited by 608 · see citing works
Prenatal Substance Abuse: Short- and Long-term Effects on the Exposed Fetus
Behnke, M., Smith, V. C., Behnke, M., Smith, V. C., Levy, S., Ammerman, S. D., Gonzalez, P. K., Ryan, S. A., Smith, V. C., Wunsch, M. J., et al. (2013) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2012-3931 · Cited by 603 · see citing works
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Childhood Behavior at Age 6 to 7 Years: I. Dose-Response Effect
Sood, B., Delaney-Black, V., Covington, C., Nordstrom-Klee, B., Ager, J., Templin, T., Janisse, J., Martier, S., & Sokol, R. J. (2001) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.108.2.e34 · Cited by 483 · see citing works
Developmental Consequences of Fetal Exposure to Drugs: What We Know and What We Still Must Learn
Ross, E. J., Graham, D., Money, K. M., & Stanwood, G. D. (2015) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2014.147 · Cited by 411 · see citing works
Behavioral and Neural Consequences of Prenatal Exposure to Nicotine
ERNST, M., MOOLCHAN, E. T., & ROBINSON, M. L. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200106000-00007 · Cited by 590 · see citing works
Maternal smoking, drinking or cannabis use during pregnancy and neurobehavioral and cognitive functioning in human offspring
Huizink, A. C., & Mulder, E. J. H. (2006) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.04.005 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Differential effects on cognitive functioning in 13- to 16-year-olds prenatally exposed to cigarettes and marihuana
Fried, P. A., Watkinson, B., & Gray, R. (2003) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(03)00029-1 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Maternal smoking during pregnancy and psychiatric adjustment in late adolescence
Fergusson, D. M., Woodward, L. J., & Horwood, L. J. (1998) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.55.8.721 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Prenatal exposure to drugs: effects on brain development and implications for policy and education
Thompson, B. L., Levitt, P. R., & Stanwood, G. D. (2009) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2598 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Maternal Drinking During Pregnancy: Attention and Short‐Term Memory in 14‐Year‐Old Offspring—A Longitudinal Prospective Study
Streissguth, A. P., Sampson, P. D., Olson, H. C., Bookstein, F. L., Barr, H. M., Scott, M., Feldman, J. J., & Mirsky, A. F. (1994) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1994.tb00904.x · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Effects of prenatal marijuana exposure on child behavior problems at age 10
Goldschmidt, L., Day, N. L., & Richardson, G. A. (2000) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(00)00066-0 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
A Comparison of Children Affected by Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Attention Deficit, Hyperactivity Disorder
Coles, C. D., Platzman, K. A., Raskind‐Hood, C. L., Brown, R. T., Falek, A., & Smith, I. E. (1997) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1997.tb03743.x · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of conduct disorder in boys
Wakschlag, L. S. (1997) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1997.01830190098010 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and cognitive abilities among u.S. Children and adolescents
Yolton, K., Dietrich, K., Auinger, P., Lanphear, B. P., & Hornung, R. (2005) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.7210 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
A literature review of the consequences of prenatal marihuana exposure
Fried, P. A., & Smith, A. (2001) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(00)00119-7 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Prenatal Substance Exposure
Leech, S. L., Richardson, G. A., Goldschmidt, L., & Day, N. L. (1999) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(98)00042-7 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
The epigenetics of maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and effects on child development
Knopik, V. S., Maccani, M. A., Francazio, S. K., & McGeary, J. E. (2012) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579412000776 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy and Adult Male Criminal Outcomes
Brennan, P. A., Grekin, E. R., & Mednick, S. A. (1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.3.215 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy and Child Outcomes: Real or Spurious Effect?
Knopik, V. S. (2009) · Developmental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/87565640802564366 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Prenatal alcohol and marijuana exposure Effects on neuropsychological outcomes at 10 years
Richardson, G. A. (2002) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(02)00193-9 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Cannabis use during pregnancy: Pharmacokinetics and effects on child development
Grant, K. S., Petroff, R., Isoherranen, N., Stella, N., & Burbacher, T. M. (2017) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.08.014 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Marijuana Use During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Implications for Neonatal and Childhood Outcomes
Ryan, S. A., Ammerman, S. D., O'Connor, M. E., BREASTFEEDING, S. O., Gonzalez, L., Patrick, S. W., Quigley, J. M., Walker, L. R., Meek, J. Y., IBCLC, et al. (2018) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2018-1889 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Effect of prenatal marijuana exposure on the cognitive development of offspring at age three
Day, N. L., Richardson, G. A., Goldschmidt, L., Robles, N., Taylor, P. M., Stoffer, D. S., Cornelius, M. D., & Geva, D. (1994) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/0892-0362(94)90114-7 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Differential effects on cognitive functioning in 9- to 12-year olds prenatally exposed to cigarettes and marihuana
Fried, P. A., Watkinson, B., & Gray, R. (1998) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(97)00091-3 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Prenatal cocaine exposure: Effects on the development of school-age children
Richardson, G. A. (1996) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(96)00121-3 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Association of prenatal maternal or postnatal child environmental tobacco smoke exposure and neurodevelopmental and behavioral problems in children.
Eskenazi, B., & Castorina, R. (1999) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.99107991 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Prenatal exposure to a cannabinoid agonist produces memory deficits linked to dysfunction in hippocampal long-term potentiation and glutamate release
Mereu, G., Fà, M., Ferraro, L., Cagiano, R., Antonelli, T., Tattoli, M., Ghiglieri, V., Tanganelli, S., Gessa, G. L., & Cuomo, V. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0537849100 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Cannabis and cognitive dysfunction: Parallels with endophenotypes of schizophrenia?
Solowij, N., & Michie, P. T. (2007) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1139/jpn.0705 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Maternal smoking habits and cognitive development of children at age 4 years in a population-based birth cohort
Júlvez, J., Ribas‐Fitó, N., Torrent, M., Forns, M., García‐Esteban, R., & Sunyer, J. (2007) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dym107 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Lasting Impacts of Prenatal Cannabis Exposure and the Role of Endogenous Cannabinoids In the Developing Brain
Wu, C., Jew, C. P., & Lu, H. (2011) · Future Neurology · doi:10.2217/fnl.11.27 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Developmental toxicity of nicotine: A transdisciplinary synthesis and implications for emerging tobacco products
England, L. J., Aagaard, K., Bloch, M., Conway, K., Cosgrove, K., Grana, R., Gould, T. J., Hatsukami, D., Jensen, F., Kandel, D., et al. (2017) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.11.013 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Parent Ratings of Behavior in Children with Heavy Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and IQ-Matched Controls
Mattson, S. N., & Riley, E. P. (2000) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2000.tb04595.x · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Computerized assessment of sustained attention: A review of factors affecting vigilance performance
Ballard, J. C. (1996) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/01688639608408307 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Effects of prenatal cigarette and marijuana exposure on drug use among offspring
Porath, A. J., & Fried, P. A. (2005) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2004.12.003 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Prenatal cannabis exposure and infant outcomes: Overview of studies
Huizink, A. C. (2013) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.09.014 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Reading and language in 9- to 12-year olds prenatally exposed to cigarettes and marijuana
Fried, P. A., Watkinson, B., & Siegel, L. S. (1997) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(97)00015-9 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Self-citation
Differential effects on facets of attention in adolescents prenatally exposed to cigarettes and marihuana
Fried, P. A., & Watkinson, B. (2001) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(01)00160-x · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Auditory and Visual Sustained Attention in Adolescents Prenatally Exposed to Alcohol
Coles, C. D., Platzman, K. A., Lynch, M. E., & Freides, D. (2002) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2002.tb02533.x · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Prenatal tobacco effects on neuropsychological outcomes among preadolescents
CORNELIUS, M. D., RYAN, C. M., DAY, N. L., GOLDSCHMIDT, L., & WILLFORD, J. A. (2001) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/00004703-200108000-00002 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Attention and Working Memory at 7.5 Years of Age
Burden, M. J., Jacobson, S. W., Sokol, R. J., & Jacobson, J. L. (2005) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1097/01.alc.0000156125.50577.ec · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Effects of prenatal marijuana on response inhibition: an fMRI study of young adults
Smith, A., Fried, P. A., Hogan, M. J., & Cameron, I. G. M. (2004) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2004.04.004 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Consequences of prenatal toxin exposure for mental health in children and adolescents
Williams, J. H. G., & Ross, L. (2007) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-006-0596-6 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Intrauterine cannabis exposure leads to more aggressive behavior and attention problems in 18-month-old girls
Marroun, H. E., Hudziak, J. J., Tiemeier, H. W., Creemers, H. E., Steegers, E. A. P., Jaddoe, V. W. V., Albert Hofman, D., Verhulst, F. C., van den Brink, W., & Huizink, A. C. (2011) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.03.004 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Prenatal drug exposure and selective attention in preschoolers
Noland, J. S., Singer, L. T., Short, E. J., Minnes, S., Arendt, R. E., Kirchner, H. L., & Bearer, C. F. (2005) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2005.02.001 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Prenatal Cannabis and Tobacco Exposure in Relation to Brain Morphology: A Prospective Neuroimaging Study in Young Children
Marroun, H. E., Tiemeier, H. W., Franken, I. H. A., Jaddoe, V. W. V., van der Lugt, A., Verhulst, F. C., Lahey, B. B., & White, T. J. H. (2015) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.08.024 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
The Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Behavior: Rodent and Primate Studies
Schneider, M. L., Moore, C. F., & Adkins, M. M. (2011) · Neuropsychology Review · doi:10.1007/s11065-011-9168-8 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Neuronal substrates and functional consequences of prenatal cannabis exposure
Calvigioni, D., Hurd, Y. L., Harkany, T., & Keimpema, E. (2014) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-014-0550-y · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Longitudinal investigation of task persistence and sustained attention in children with prenatal cocaine exposure
Bandstra, E. S., Morrow, C. E., Anthony, J. C., Accornero, V. H., & Fried, P. A. (2001) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(01)00181-7 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Prevalence of Youth-Reported DSM-IV Psychiatric Disorders Among African, European, and Mexican American Adolescents
ROBERTS, R. E., Roberts, C. R., & Xing, Y. (2006) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000235076.25038.81 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Developmental consequences of perinatal cannabis exposure: behavioral and neuroendocrine effects in adult rodents
Campolongo, P., Trezza, V., Ratano, P., Palmery, M., & Cuomo, V. (2010) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1892-x · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Cannabis and the developing brain: Insights from behavior
Trezza, V., Cuomo, V., & Vanderschuren, L. J. M. J. (2008) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.01.058 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Visuoperceptual functioning differs in 9- to 12-year olds prenatally exposed to cigarettes and marihuana
Fried, P. A., & Watkinson, B. (2000) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(99)00046-x · Cited by 131 · see citing works
The Relationship between Low Family Income and Psychological Disturbance in Young Children: An Australian Longitudinal Study
Bor, W., Najman, J. M., Andersen, M. J., O'Callaghan, M. J., Williams, G. M., & Behrens, B. C. (1997) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/00048679709062679 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Alcohol, Marijuana, and Tobacco: Effects of Prenatal Exposure on Offspring Growth and Morphology at Age Six
Day, N. L., Richardson, G. A., Geva, D., & Robles, N. (1994) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1994.tb00041.x · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Auditory and Visual Sustained Attention in Adolescents Prenatally Exposed to Alcohol
Coles, C. D., Platzman, K. A., Lynch, M. E., & Freides, D. (2002) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1097/00000374-200202000-00015 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Continuous Performance Tests Are Sensitive to ADHD in Adults but Lack Specificity
Riccio, C. A., & Reynolds, C. R. (2001) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05776.x · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Association of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Gestational Alcohol Exposure
Bhatara, V. S., Loudenberg, R., & Ellis, R. B. (2006) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054705283880 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Smoking During Pregnancy and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Predominantly Inattentive Type: A Case-Control Study
Schmitz, M. D., Denardin, D., da Silva, T. L., Pianca, T. G., Hutz, M. H., Faraone, S. V., & Rohde, L. A. (2006) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/s0890-8567(09)61916-x · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Developmental Neurotoxicity of Nicotine
Levin, E. D., & Slotkin, T. A. (1998) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012648860-9.50043-1 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Maternal smoking during pregnancy and infant head circumference at birth
Källén, K. (2000) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/s0378-3782(00)00077-3 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Prenatal exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in offspring: a meta-analysis
Dong, T., Hu, W., Zhou, X., Lin, H., Lan, L., Hang, B., Lv, W., Geng, Q., & Xia, Y. (2018) · Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.12.010 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
School achievement in 14-year-old youths prenatally exposed to marijuana
Goldschmidt, L., Richardson, G. A., Willford, J. A., Severtson, S. G., & Day, N. L. (2011) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2011.08.009 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Prenatal marijuana exposure impacts executive functioning into young adulthood: An fMRI study
Smith, A., Mioduszewski, O., Hatchard, T., Byron-Alhassan, A., Fall, C., & Fried, P. A. (2016) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2016.05.010 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Hair Concentrations of Nicotine and Cotinine in Women and Their Newborn Infants
Eliopoulos, C. (1994) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1994.03510320061031 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Passive and Active Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy, as Measured by Serum Cotinine, and Postnatal Smoke Exposure. II. Effects on Neurodevelopment at Age 5 Years
Eskenazi, B., & Trupin, L. S. (1995) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/142.supplement_9.s19 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
the ottawa prenatal prospective study (OPPS): Methodological issues and findings — it's easy to throw the baby out with the bath water
Fried, P. A. (1995) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(95)00203-i · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Prenatal alcohol exposure and attention, learning and intellectual ability at 14 years: a prospective longitudinal study.
O'Callaghan, F., O'callaghan, M., Najman, J., Williams, G., & Bor, W. (2007) · Early Human Development · doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2006.05.011 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Consequences of Perinatal Cannabis Exposure
Scheyer, A. F., Melis, M., Trezza, V., & Manzoni, O. J. (2019) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2019.08.010 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Behavioural and neuroendocrine effects of cannabinoids in critical developmental periods
Viveros, M., Llorente, R., Moreno, E., & Marco, E. M. (2005) · Behavioural Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/00008877-200509000-00007 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Nicotine-induced plasticity during development: modulation of the cholinergic system and long-term consequences for circuits involved in attention and sensory processing
Heath, C. J., & Picciotto, M. R. (2009) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.07.020 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
The Influence of Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy on the Toddler's Negativity
Brook, J. S., Brook, D. W., & Whiteman, M. (2000) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpedi.154.4.381 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Conceptual issues in behavioral teratology and their application in determining long‐term sequelae of prenatal marihuana exposure
Fried, P. A. (2002) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00005 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Risk Factors for Academic and Behavioral Problems at the Beginning of School
Huffman, L. C., Mehlinger, S. L., & Kerivan, A. S. (2000) · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Maternal substance use during pregnancy and offspring conduct problems: A meta-analysis
Ruisch, I. H., Dietrich, A., Glennon, J. C., Buitelaar, J. K., & Hoekstra, P. J. (2017) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.08.014 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
The effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy on selective and sustained attention in 5‐year‐old children
Underbjerg, M., Kesmodel, U., Landrø, N., Bakketeig, L. S., Grove, J., Wimberley, T., Kilburn, T. R., Sværke, C., Thorsen, P., & Mortensen, E. L. (2012) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03396.x · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Effects of prenatal marijuana exposure on neuropsychological outcomes in children aged 1‐11 years: A systematic review
Sharapova, S. R., Phillips, E., Sirocco, K. Y., Kaminski, J. W., Leeb, R. T., & Rolle, I. (2018) · Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology · doi:10.1111/ppe.12505 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Untitled work
(2000) · PubMed · Cited by 84 · see citing works
The effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on problem behavior in children 4–10 years
Minnes, S., Singer, L. T., Kirchner, H. L., Short, E. J., Lewis, B. A., Satayathum, S., & Queh, D. (2010) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2010.03.005 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Fetal Anomalies and Long-Term Effects Associated with Substance Abuse in Pregnancy: A Literature Review
Soto, E. E., Bahado-Singh, R. O., CHRISTENSEN, C. W., Chauhan, S. P., Sibai, B. M., & Viteri, O. A. (2014) · American Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1055/s-0034-1393932 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
The impact of maternal alcohol and illicit drug use on children’s behavior problems: evidence from the children of the national longitudinal survey of youth
Chatterji, P., & Markowitz, S. (2001) · Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1016/s0167-6296(01)00090-x · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Prenatal marijuana exposure predicts marijuana use in young adulthood
Sonon, K. E., Richardson, G. A., Cornelius, J. R., Kim, K. H., & Day, N. L. (2014) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2014.11.003 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Smoking during teenage pregnancies: Effects on behavioral problems in offspring
Cornelius, M. D., Goldschmidt, L., Genna, N. M. D., & Day, N. L. (2007) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1080/14622200701416971 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Is prenatal tobacco exposure a risk factor for early adolescent smoking? A follow-up study
Cornelius, M. D., Leech, S. L., Goldschmidt, L., & Day, N. L. (2005) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2005.05.006 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Cannabis use during pregnancy in F rance in 2010
Saurel‐Cubizolles, M., Prunet, C., & Blondel, B. (2014) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.12626 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
It's Not Your Mother's Marijuana
Warner, T. D., Roussos‐Ross, D., & Behnke, M. (2014) · Clinics in Perinatology · doi:10.1016/j.clp.2014.08.009 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Compound selection for in vitro modeling of developmental neurotoxicity
Kadereit, S. (2012) · Frontiers in bioscience · doi:10.2741/4064 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Long-term behavioral effects of perinatal exposure to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in rats: Possible role of pituitaryadrenal axis
Rubio, P., de Fonseca, F. R., Muñoz, R. M., Ariznavarreta, C., Martı́n-Calderón, J. L., & Navarro, M. A. (1995) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(95)00204-j · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Maternal Transmission of Nicotine Dependence: Psychiatric, Neurocognitive and Prenatal Factors
NIAURA, R. S., Bock, B. C., Lloyd, E. E., Brown, R. A., Lipsitt, L. P., & Buka, S. L. (2001) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1080/105504901750160420 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Behavioral Development in Children Prenatally Exposed to Drugs and Alcohol
Coles, C. D., & Platzman, K. A. (1993) · International Journal of the Addictions · doi:10.3109/10826089309062192 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Nicotine exposure during the neonatal brain growth spurt produces hyperactivity in preweanling rats
Thomas, J. D., Garrison, M. E., Slawecki, C. J., Ehlers, C. L., & Riley, E. P. (2000) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(00)00096-9 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Cannabis Use in Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women: Behavioral and Neurobiological Consequences
Navarrete, F., García‐Gutiérrez, M. S., Gasparyan, A., Austrich-Olivares, A., Femenía, T., & Manzanares, J. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.586447 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Chapter 9 Developmental Exposure to Cannabinoids Causes Subtle and Enduring Neurofunctional Alterations
Campolongo, P., Trezza, V., Palmery, M., Trabace, L., & Cuomo, V. (2009) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0074-7742(09)85009-5 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Preconception and prenatal cannabis use and the risk of behavioural and emotional problems in the offspring; a multi-informant prospective longitudinal study
Marroun, H. E., Bolhuis, K., Franken, I. H. A., Jaddoe, V. W. V., Hillegers, M. H. J., Lahey, B. B., & Tiemeier, H. W. (2018) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyy186 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Maternal exposure to the CB1 cannabinoid agonist WIN 55212–2 produces robust changes in motor function and intrinsic electrophysiological properties of cerebellar Purkinje neurons in rat offspring
Shabani, M., Hosseinmardi, N., Haghani, M., Shaibani, V., & Janahmadi, M. (2010) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.10.031 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Adolescents Prenatally Exposed to Marijuana: Examination of Facets of Complex Behaviors and Comparisons with the Influence of In Utero Cigarettes
Fried, P. A. (2002) · The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.2002.tb06009.x · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Prenatal Exposure to Marihuana and Tobacco During Infancy, Early and Middle Childhood: Effects and an Attempt at Synthesis
Fried, P. A. (1995) · Archives of toxicology. Supplement · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-79451-3_21 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Associations of Maternal Prenatal Drug Abuse With Measures of Newborn Brain Structure, Tissue Organization, and Metabolite Concentrations.
Peterson, B., Rosen, T., Dingman, S. M., Toth, Z., Sawardekar, S., Hao, X., Liu, F., Xu, D.-R., Dong, Z.-C., Peterson, J. B., et al. (2020) · JAMA pediatrics · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1622 · Cited by 49 · see citing works

Prenatal Marihuana, Cigarettes, Alcohol and Attentional Behavior
Millichap, J. G. (1992) · Pediatric Neurology Briefs · doi:10.15844/pedneurbriefs-6-12-10
Neonatal behavioural correlates of prenatal exposure to marihuana, cigarettes and alcohol in a low risk population
Fried, P. A., & Makin, J. E. (1987) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/0892-0362(87)90062-6 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Differential effects on facets of attention in adolescents prenatally exposed to cigarettes and marihuana
Fried, P. A., & Watkinson, B. (2001) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(01)00160-x · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Prenatal Substance Exposure
Leech, S. L., Richardson, G. A., Goldschmidt, L., & Day, N. L. (1999) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(98)00042-7 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
12- and 24-month neurobehavioural follow-up of children prenatally exposed to marihuana, cigarettes and alcohol
Fried, P. A., & Watkinson, B. (1988) · Neurotoxicology and Teratology · doi:10.1016/0892-0362(88)90032-3 · Cited by 230 · see citing works

Authors: Fried, P. A., Watkinson, B., & Gray, R.
Affiliations: Carleton University (CA)
Corresponding author: Fried, Peter A.
ORCID: Fried, Peter A.
Gray, Robert
Venue: Neurotoxicology and Teratology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1992-09
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Pages: 299-311
ISSN: 0892-0362 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0892-0362(92)90036-a
OpenAlex: W2086253823
Cited by: 255
References: 42
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 5.59
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Neurotoxicology and Teratology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Drug Abuse
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Keywords: prenatal drug exposure, prenatal cannabis exposure, prenatal alcohol exposure, attentional behavior, impulsive behavior, response inhibition, sustained attention, memory, dose-response relationship, hyperactivity, six-year-old children
MeSH terms: Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Attention, Caffeine, Marijuana Abuse, Child, Diet, Female, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Maternal Age, Memory, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Smoking, Socioeconomic Factors, Cohort Studies, Multivariate Analysis

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

A follow-up study of attentional behavior in 6-year-old children exposed prenatally to marihuana, cigarettes, and alcohol

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks