Personalized Psychotherapy for Adult Depression: A Meta-Analytic Review

Cuijpers, Pim; Ebert, David D.; Acarturk, Ceren; Andersson, Gerhard; Cristea, Ioana A.

doi:10.1016/j.beth.2016.04.007

Cited by 128Psychotherapy Techniques and ApplicationsAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesDigital Mental Health Interventions

Personalized Psychotherapy for Adult Depression: A Meta-Analytic Review

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Cuijpers, Pim, Ebert, David D., Acarturk, Ceren, Andersson, Gerhard, Cristea, Ioana A.·2016·Behavior Therapy

DOI 10.1016/j.beth.2016.04.007

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Abstract

Personalized medicine is aimed at identifying which characteristics of an individual predict the outcome of a specific treatment, in order to get a better match between the individual and the treatment received. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials comparing two psychotherapies directly in a group of depressed patients with a specific characteristic. We focused on the six most examined types of psychotherapy for adult depression. Our searches resulted in 41 studies with 2,741 patients who met inclusion criteria. These 41 studies examined 27 specific characteristics of patients. Power calculations indicated that we would need 4 studies for each characteristic to find a clinically relevant effect size set at g = 0.50 and 16 studies for an effect size of 0.24. Only 3 patient characteristics were found to have sufficient power and to significantly moderate treatment outcomes. Cognitive-behavioral therapy was found to be more effective than other therapies in older adults (g = 0.29), in patients with comorbid addictive disorders (g = 0.31), and in university students (g = 0.46). Risk of bias was considerable in most of the included studies. It was estimated that it will take another 326 years to have sufficient statistical power for showing an effect size of g = 0.50 of the 27 characteristics, and 1,372 years to show an effect size of 0.24. Although several dozens of studies have compared the effects of psychotherapies in specific target groups, we will need to develop more powerful alternatives to comparative outcome studies in order to identify personalized treatments for depression.

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Substantial ground has been covered in the adult literature on treatment predictors and moderators, but this is not the case for treatment of mental disorders in adolescents and young adults.
“And whilst substantial ground has been covered in the adult literature [38–40], this is not the case in treatment for mental disorders in adolescents and young adults [30].”
From Predictors and moderators of outcome of psychotherapeutic interventions for mental disorders in adolescents and young adults: protocol for systematic reviews (2021) · cites this paper as [39]

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Towards integrating personalized feedback research into clinical practice: Development of the Trier Treatment Navigator (TTN)
Lutz, W., Rubel, J. A., Schwartz, B., Schilling, V., & Deisenhofer, A.-K. (2019) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2019.103438 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
On the Road to Personalized Psychotherapy: A Research Agenda Based on Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Depression
Huibers, M. J. H., Lorenzo‐Luaces, L., Cuijpers, P. J., & Kazantzis, N. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.607508 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
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Self-criticism and psychotherapy outcome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Löw, C., Schauenburg, H., & Dinger, U. (2019) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2019.101808 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Reducing mental health disparities by increasing the personal relevance of interventions.
Hall, G. C. N., Berkman, E. T., Zane, N. W. S., Leong, F. T. L., Hwang, W., Nezu, A. M., Nezu, C. M., Hong, J. J., Chu, J. P., & Huang, E. R. (2020) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/amp0000616 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
A machine learning ensemble to predict treatment outcomes following an Internet intervention for depression
Pearson, R., Pisner, D., Meyer, B., Shumake, J., & Beevers, C. G. (2019) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329171800315x · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Depression From a Precision Mental Health Perspective: Utilizing Personalized Conceptualizations to Guide Personalized Treatments
Deif, R., & Salama, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.650318 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Not just “big” data: Importance of sample size, measurement error, and uninformative predictors for developing prognostic models for digital interventions
McNamara, M. E., Zisser, M., Beevers, C. G., & Shumake, J. (2022) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2022.104086 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Customizing Emotional Support: How Do Individuals Construct and Interact With LLM-Powered Chatbots
Zheng, X., Li, Z., Gui, X., & Luo, Y. (2025) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3706598.3713453 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Moving beyond a ‘one-size-fits-all’ rationale in global mental health: prospects of a precision psychology paradigm
Purgato, M., Singh, R. K., Acartürk, C., & Cuijpers, P. J. (2021) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796021000500 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
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Towards personalising treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of face-to-face efficacy moderators of cognitive-behavioral therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy for major depressive disorder
Whiston, A., Bockting, C., & Semkovska, M. (2019) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291719002812 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Intervention Tournaments: An Overview of Concept, Design, and Implementation
Hameiri, B., & Moore‐Berg, S. L. (2022) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/17456916211058090 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Biomarker-based subtyping of depression and anxiety disorders using Latent Class Analysis. A NESDA study
Beijers, L., Wardenaar, K. J., Bosker, F. J., Lamers, F., van Grootheest, G., de Boer, M. K., Penninx, B. W. J. H., & Schoevers, R. A. (2018) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291718001307 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Towards a new framework of personalized psychological interventions to improve intergroup relations and promote peace
Halperin, E., & Schori‐Eyal, N. (2020) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.12527 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Clinical and Cost-Effectiveness of PSYCHOnlineTHERAPY: Study Protocol of a Multicenter Blended Outpatient Psychotherapy Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial for Patients With Depressive and Anxiety Disorders
Baumeister, H., Bauereiss, N., Zarski, A.-C., Braun, L., Buntrock, C., Hoherz, C., Idrees, A. R., Kraft, R., Meyer, P., Nguyen, T. B. D., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.660534 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
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Predicting treatment effects in unipolar depression: A meta-review
Gillett, G., Tomlinson, A., Efthimiou, O., & Cipriani, A. (2020) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107557 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Schema therapy versus cognitive behavioral therapy versus individual supportive therapy for depression in an inpatient and day clinic setting: study protocol of the OPTIMA-RCT
Kopf‐Beck, J., Zimmermann, P., Egli, S., Rein, M., Kappelmann, N., Fietz, J., Tamm, J., Rek, K., Lucae, S., Brem, A., et al. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02880-x · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Predicting optimal interventions for clinical depression: Moderators of outcomes in a positive psychological intervention vs. cognitive-behavioral therapy
López‐Gómez, I., Lorenzo‐Luaces, L., Chaves, C., Hervás, G., DeRubeis, R. J., & Vázquez, C. (2019) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2019.07.004 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Patients’ and Therapists’ Experiences of Standardized Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Needs for a Personalized Approach
Gryesten, J. R., Poulsen, S., Moltu, C., Biering, E. B., Møller, K. A., & Arnfred, S. (2023) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-023-01301-x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Combining psychopharmacotherapy and psychotherapy is not associated with better treatment outcome in major depressive disorder - evidence from the European Group for the Study of Resistant Depression
Bartova, L., Fugger, G., Dold, M., Swoboda, M. M. M., Zohar, J., Mendlewicz, J., Souery, D., Montgomery, S., Fabbri, C., Serretti, A., et al. (2021) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.06.028 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
A systematic meta-review of patient-level predictors of psychological therapy outcome in major depressive disorder
Tanguay-Sela, M., Rollins, C. P. E., Pérez, T., Qiang, V., Golden, G. M., Tunteng, J.-F., Perlman, K., Simard, J., Benrimoh, D. A., & Margolese, H. C. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.08.041 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Moderators of psychological and psychoeducational interventions for the prevention of depression: A systematic review
Cerón, S. C., Bellón, J. Á., Motrico, E., Campos-Paíno, H., Gómez, C. M., Ebert, D. D., Buntrock, C., Gili, M., & Moreno-Peral, P. (2020) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101859 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
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Mediators of focused psychosocial support interventions for children in low‐resource humanitarian settings: analysis from an Individual Participant Dataset with 3,143 participants
Purgato, M., Tedeschi, F., Betancourt, T. S., Bolton, P. A., Bonetto, C., Gastaldon, C., Gordon, J. S., O’Callaghan, P., Papola, D., Peltonen, K., et al. (2019) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13151 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
A systematic review of predictors and moderators of treatment outcomes in internet- and mobile-based interventions for depression
Sextl-Plötz, T., Steinhoff, M., Baumeister, H., Cuijpers, P. J., Ebert, D. D., & Zarski, A. (2024) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2024.100760 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
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Health-economic evaluation of psychological interventions for depression prevention: Systematic review
Cerón, S. C., Lokkerbol, J., Moreno-Peral, P., Wijnen, B. F. M., Fernández, A., Mendive, J. M., Smit, F., & Bellón, J. Á. (2021) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102064 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
¡Enjaulad a Dodo, por favor! El cuento de que todas las psicoterapias son igual de eficaces
González‐Blanch, C., & Carral-Fernández, L. (2017) · Papeles del Psicólogo - Psychologist Papers · doi:10.23923/pap.psicol2017.2828 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Modular-based psychotherapy (MoBa) versus cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) for patients with depression, comorbidities and a history of childhood maltreatment: study protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility trial.
Elsaesser, M., Herpertz, S., Piosczyk, H., Jenkner, C., Hautzinger, M., & Schramm, E. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057672 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
The Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Therapy Outcome in Adolescents Engaging in Nonsuicidal Self-Injury
Edinger, A., Fischer-Waldschmidt, G., Parzer, P., Brunner, R. M., Resch, F., & Kaess, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.505661 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The effectiveness of the Positive Mood and Active Life Program on reducing depressive symptoms in long-term care facilities
Luo, H., Lou, V. W. Q., Chen, C., & Chi, I. (2020) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gny120 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Frequency and predictors of individual treatment outcomes (response, remission, exacerbation, and relapse) in clinical adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury
Reichl, C., Rockstroh, F., Lerch, S., Fischer-Waldschmidt, G., Koenig, J., & Kaess, M. (2023) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291723001447 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Building on the past 50 years, not starting over: A balanced interpretation of meta-analyses, reviews, and commentaries on treatments for suicide and self-injury
Kleiman, E. M., Bentley, K. H., Glenn, C. R., Liu, R. T., & Rizvi, S. L. (2021) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2021.11.002 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Reducing the time until psychotherapy initiation reduces sick leave duration in participants diagnosed with anxiety and mood disorders
Alonso, S., Marco, J. H., & Andani, J. (2017) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2134 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Investigando el estilo personal del terapeuta: Correspondencia entre las autodescripciones y la observación de jueces externos
Fernández‐Álvarez, J., Castañeiras, C. E., García, F., Gómez, B., & Fernández‐Álvarez, H. (2017) · Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica · doi:10.5944/rppc.vol.22.num.3.2017.18238 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Covariate Selection for Estimating Individual Treatment Effects in Psychotherapy Research: A Simulation Study and Empirical Example
Wester, R. A., Rubel, J. A., & Mayer, A. (2022) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/21677026211071043 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Time-varying moderation of treatment outcomes by illness duration and comorbid depression in generalized anxiety disorder.
Newman, M. G., Shin, K. E., & Lanza, S. T. (2019) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000385 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
PTSD subtypes and their underlying neural biomarkers: a systematic review
Zhang, C., Haim‐Nachum, S., Prasad, N., Suarez‐Jimenez, B., Zilcha‐Mano, S., Lazarov, A., Neria, Y., & Zhu, X. (2025) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291725001229 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Exploring the Effects of Major Depressive Disorder on Daily Occupations and the Impact of Psychotherapy: A Literature Review
Iliou, K., Balaris, D., Dokali, A. M., Fotopoulos, V., Kouletsos, A., & Katsiana, A. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.55831 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Positive urgency worsens the impact of normative feedback on 21st birthday drinking
Whitt, Z. T., Bernstein, M. H., Spillane, N. S., Stein, L. A. R., Suffoletto, B. P., Neighbors, C., Schick, M. R., & Cyders, M. A. (2019) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107559 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Predictors and moderators of outcome of psychotherapeutic interventions for mental disorders in adolescents and young adults: protocol for systematic reviews
Vousoura, E., Gergov, V., Tulbure, B. T., Camilleri, N., Saliba, A., Garcia-Lopez, L., Podina, I. R., Prevendar, T., Löffler-Stastka, H., Chiarenza, G. A., et al. (2021) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-021-01788-1 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Comparative clinical trials in psychotherapy: Have large effects been replicated?
Frost, N. D., Baskin, T. W., & Wampold, B. E. (2020) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796020000402 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Positive psychology interventions in in-patients with depression: influences of comorbidity and subjective evaluation of the training programme
Stemmler, A., Staehle, R., Heinemann, T., Bender, M., & Hennig, J. (2021) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2021.65 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Does virtual reality increase the efficacy of psychotherapy for young adults with mild-to-moderate depression? A study protocol for a multicenter randomized clinical trial
Montesano, A., Medina, J. C., Paz, C., García‐Mieres, H., Niño‐Robles, N., García‐Grau, E., Cañete, J., Garcia-Gutierrez, A., Alabèrnia-Segura, M., & Feixas, G. (2021) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-021-05809-1 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Flexible Adaptation of Evidence-based Treatment Principles and Practices in an Intensive Outpatient Setting for Pediatric OCD
Guo, S., Rozenman, M. S., Bennett, S. M., Peris, T. S., & Bergman, R. L. (2020) · Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1080/23794925.2020.1784061 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Moderators and predictors of outcome in metacognitive and cognitive behavioural therapy for co‐morbid anxiety disorders.
Johnson, S. U., & Hoffart, A. (2019) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2361 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Behavioral activation for depression in groups embedded in psychosomatic rehabilitation inpatient treatment: a quasi-randomized controlled study
Melicherova, U., Schott, T., Köllner, V., & Hoyer, J. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1229380 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Developing a multivariable prediction model to support personalized selection among five major empirically-supported treatments for adult depression. Study protocol of a systematic review and individual participant data network meta-analysis
Driessen, E., Efthimiou, O., Wienicke, F. J., Breunese, J., Cuijpers, P. J., Debray, T. P. A., Fisher, D. J., Fokkema, M., Furukawa, T. A., Hollon, S. D., et al. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0322124 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
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Methodenintegration in der psychodynamischen Psychotherapie
Sell, C., & Benecke, C. (2020) · PDP – Psychodynamische Psychotherapie · doi:10.21706/pdp-19-2-185 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Adaptations of interpersonal psychotherapy in psycho-oncology and its effects on distress, depression, and anxiety in patients with cancer: a systematic review
Laing, E. M., Heinen, J., de Arriba, R. A., Schäffeler, N., Zipfel, S., Stengel, A., & Graf, J. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1367807 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Redefining Therapeutic Outcomes of Depression Treatment
Slofstra, C., Booij, S. H., Hoenders, R. H. J., & Castelein, S. (2019) · Journal for Person-Oriented Research · doi:10.17505/jpor.2019.10 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Individual goal achievement in group psychotherapy: The roles of psychological mindedness and group process in interpretive and supportive therapy for complicated grief
Kealy, D., Piper, W. E., Ogrodniczuk, J. S., Joyce, A. S., & Weideman, R. (2018) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2346 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Effectiveness of Psychotherapeutic Consultation at Work Compared to Care as Usual for Employees with Common Mental Disorders or Subthreshold Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Multicenter Trial in Germany
Rothermund, E., Hander, N. R., Herrmann, K., Feißt, M., Balzer, A., Erim, Y., Herold, R., Hondong, S., Kröger, C. B., Hansmann, M., et al. (2025) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000549531 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Personalised psychotherapy in primary care: evaluation of data-driven treatment allocation to cognitive–behavioural therapy versus counselling for depression
Bauer‐Staeb, C., Griffith, E., Faraway, J. J., & Button, K. S. (2023) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2022.628 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Effective in Treating Addiction? A Systematic Review
Díez-Bejarano, L., & Chaves, C. (2022) · Psychiatric Annals · doi:10.3928/00485713-20220504-01 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Storytelling and training to advance individual recovery skills (STAIRS). A feasibility study of a blended program to support personal recovery among patients with a major depressive disorder in remission
Wedema, D., Siero, J., Korevaar, E. L., Wardenaar, K. J., Alma, M., & Schoevers, R. A. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.984104 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Personalized Medicine
Foster, S. L., Petrie, S. R., Mischoulon, D., & D, M. F. M. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-97241-1_8 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Patients’ perspectives on implementing fixed and flexible variants of blended therapy in routine care: A qualitative study of the project PSYCHOnlineTHERAPY
Sextl-Plötz, T., Titzler, I., Schmidt-Hantke, J., Denninger, M., Steubl, L., Baumeister, H., Ebert, D. D., & Zarski, A. (2025) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076251377943 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
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Why did she leave? Development of working alliance in a case of psychotherapy for depression
Doležal, P., Čevelíček, M., Řiháček, T., Roubal, J., Hytych, R., & Ukropová, L. (2019) · Research in Psychotherapy Psychopathology Process and Outcome · doi:10.4081/ripppo.2019.354 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Circulating cytokine levels in the treatment of comorbid anxiety disorders
Johnson, S. U., Hoffart, A., Tilden, T., Toft, H., Neupane, S. P., Lien, L., & Bramness, J. G. (2020) · Acta Neuropsychiatrica · doi:10.1017/neu.2020.38 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Predictors and moderators of the response of adults with intellectual disabilities and depression to behavioural activation and guided self‐help therapies
Melville, C. A., Hatton, C., BEER, E. S. D., Hastings, R. P., Cooper, S., McMeekin, N., Dagnan, D., Appleton, K., Scott, K. D., Fulton, L., et al. (2023) · Journal of Intellectual Disability Research · doi:10.1111/jir.13063 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Blending Video Therapy and Digital Self-Help for Individuals With Suicidal Ideation: Intervention Design and a Qualitative Study Within the Development Process
Büscher, R., Sander, L., Nuding, M., Baumeister, H., & Teismann, T. (2023) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/49043 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Predicting first session working alliances using deep learning algorithms: A proof-of-concept study for personalized psychotherapy
Zhou, Y., Chen, X., Liu, D., Pan, Y.-L., Hou, Y., Gao, T., Peng, F., Wang, X., & Zhang, X. (2022) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2022.2078680 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Personalising psychotherapies for depression using a novel mixed methods approach: an example from Morita therapy
Sugg, H. V. R., Frost, J., & Richards, D. A. (2020) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-019-3788-3 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
How to distinguish promotion, prevention and treatment trials in public mental health? Study protocol for the development of the VErona-LUgano Tool (VELUT)
Purgato, M., Albanese, E., Papola, D., Prina, E., Tedeschi, F., Gross, A. L., Sijbrandij, M., Acartürk, C., Annoni, A. M., Silva, M., et al. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082652 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
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Therapeutic alliance and different treatment formats when delivering internet-based CBT for depression
Vernmark, K. (2017) · doi:10.3384/diss.diva-142389 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Covariate Selection for Estimating Individual Treatment Effects in Psychotherapy Research: A Simulation Study and Empirical ExamplePreprint
Wester, R. A., Rubel, J. A., & Mayer, A. (2021) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/t5843 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Socioeconomic Burden Of Major Rheumatic Diseases In A Tertiary Care Facility
Sharif, M., Khan, M. S., Ahmed, T. K., Shah, S., Tahir, S., & Punshi, A. (2022) · Pakistan BioMedical Journal · doi:10.54393/pbmj.v5i6.575 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Examining the classification accuracy of GAD-7 and PHQ-9 against the QuickSCID-5 in Canadian undergraduates: Improving post-secondary student mental health screening
Hews‐Girard, J., Dimitropoulos, G., Patten, S. B., Velmovitsky, P. E., Keown‐Stoneman, C. D. G., King, N., Qiao, T., Furlani, N., Thannhauser, J. E., Szeto, A. C. H., et al. (2026) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2025.2596075 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
PSYKOTERAPIFORSKNING GENNEM 100 ÅR – HVOR LANGT ER VI NÅET?
Hougaard, E. (2021) · Psyke & Logos · doi:10.7146/pl.v42i1.128765 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Personalización en Psicoterapia: Estado Actual y Desafíos para su Implementación en Latinoamérica
Manubens, R. T., Buongiorno, E., & Penedo, J. M. G. (2024) · Revista de Psicoterapia · doi:10.5944/rdp.v35i127.39808 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Tailoring interpersonal psychotherapy to psycho-oncology patients (TIPTOP): feasibility study protocol
Laing, E. M., de Arriba, R. A., Schramm, E., Schäffeler, N., Zipfel, S., Stengel, A., & Graf, J. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1531756 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Honoring the Past and Looking to the Future: Updates on Seminal Behavior Therapy Publications on Current Therapies and Future Directions
Newman, M. G. (2016) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2016.08.003 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Therapist-Informed Design Directions for Mobile Assistive Technologies for Anxiety
Senaratne, H., Melvin, G. A., Oviatt, S. L., & Ellis, K. (2022) · Lecture notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-99194-4_12 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Treating Later-Life Depression
Steffen, A. M., Thompson, L. W., & Gallagher-Thompson, D. E. (2021) · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780190068431.001.0001 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Development of Individual Add-On Interventions for Patients With Depression Who are Persistently Not on Track in Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy: A Protocol for a Treatment Development and Feasibility Study
Gryesten, J. R., Poulsen, S., & Arnfred, S. (2022) · International Journal of Qualitative Methods · doi:10.1177/16094069221084786 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies 101
Steffen, A. M., Thompson, L. W., & Gallagher-Thompson, D. E. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780190068431.003.0004 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Professional Development Resources
Steffen, A. M., Thompson, L. W., & Gallagher-Thompson, D. E. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780190068431.005.0001 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Treatment of Depression in Children and Adolescents
Kızıl, N., & Uyar, B. (2024) · doi:10.69860/nobel.9786053359456.9 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Effect of Interpersonal Psychotherapy on Psychosocial Problems Among Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review
Tokatlıoğlu, T. Ş., & Oflaz, F. (2025) · Seminars in Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.soncn.2025.152080 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Towards an interdisciplinary theory of engagement: the Dynamic EngagEment Process framework for Digital Health Interventions (DEEP – DHI)
Doğan, K., ten Klooster, I., Kip, H., Haeri, M. A., & Kelders, S. M. (2026) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2026.2619659 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Trans-diagnostic determinants of psychotherapeutic treatment response: The pressing need and new opportunities for a more systematic way of selecting psychotherapeutic treatment in the age of virtual service delivery
Thege, B. K., Emmanuel, T., Callanan, J., & Askland, K. D. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1102434 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Cognitive improvement in patients with major depressive disorder after personalised multi domain training in the CERT-D study
Hawighorst, A., Knight, M. J., Fourrier, C., Sampson, E., Hori, H., Cearns, M., Jörgens, S., & Baune, B. T. (2023) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115590 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Psychotherapy Based on the Large Language Models: On the Aspect of the Theory of Mind, a Narrative Review
On, Y., Kim, T., & Kim, N. (2024) · 신경정신의학 · doi:10.4306/jknpa.2024.63.3.151 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Outcome Research: Why Moderators Should not be Neglected
Gerger, H., & Gaab, J. (2016) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/64266 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Module 8: Skills for Caregiving: Reducing Stress While Helping Others
Steffen, A. M., Thompson, L. W., & Gallagher-Thompson, D. E. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780190068431.003.0014 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Psychiatric Issues in the Treatment of Severe Trauma
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PERSONALIZED TREATMENT OF ADULT DEPRESSION: MEDICATION, PSYCHOTHERAPY, OR BOTH? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
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Self-citation
Are all psychotherapies equally effective in the treatment of adult depression? The lack of statistical power of comparative outcome studies
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Who benefits from psychotherapies for adult depression? A meta-analytic update of the evidence
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Self-citation
Four decades of outcome research on psychotherapies for adult depression: an overview of a series of meta-analyses.
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Psychological treatment of depression: Results of a series of meta-analyses
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Self-citation

Authors: Cuijpers, P., Ebert, D. D., Acarturk, C., Andersson, G., & Cristea, I. A.
Affiliations: Amsterdam Public Health (NL)
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
Linköping University (SE)
University of Pisa (IT)
Corresponding author: Cuijpers, Pim
ORCID: Cuijpers, Pim
Ebert, David D.
Andersson, Gerhard
Cristea, Ioana A.
Venue: Behavior Therapy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2016-11
Volume: 47
Issue: 6
Pages: 966-980
ISSN: 0005-7894 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2016.04.007
OpenAlex: W2346443303
Cited by: 128
References: 54
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2
FWCI: 10.26
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Behavior Therapy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Istanbul Şehir University Institutional Repository (Istanbul Şehir University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
VU Research Portal (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
Keywords: personalized medicine, adult depression, psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, treatment outcome prediction, patient characteristics, statistical power, older adults, university students, risk of bias
MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder, Humans, Person-Centered Psychotherapy, Psychotherapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Precision Medicine

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