Cited by 102Polymer Surface Interaction StudiesNitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsAdvanced Drug Delivery Systems

Polymeric coatings that mimic the endothelium: Combining nitric oxide release with surface-bound active thrombomodulin and heparin

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Wu, Biyun, Gerlitz, Bruce, Grinnell, Brian W., Meyerhoff, Mark E.·2007·Biomaterials

Abstract

Multi-functional bilayer polymeric coatings are prepared with both controlled nitric oxide (NO) release and surface-bound active thrombomodulin (TM) alone or in combination with immobilized heparin. The outer-layer is made of CarboSil, a commercially available copolymer of silicone rubber (SR) and polyurethane (PU). The CarboSil is either carboxylated or aminated via an allophanate reaction with a diisocyanate compound followed by a urea-forming reaction between the generated isocyanate group of the polymer and the amine group of an amino acid (glycine), an oligopeptide (triglycine) or a diamine. The carboxylated CarboSil can then be used to immobilize TM through the formation of an amide bond between the surface carboxylic acid groups and the lysine residues of TM. Aminated CarboSil can also be employed to initially couple heparin to the surface, and then the carboxylic acid groups on heparin can be further used to anchor TM. Both surface-bound TM and heparin's activity are evaluated by chromogenic assays and found to be at clinically significant levels. The underlying NO release layer is made with another commercial SR-PU copolymer (PurSil) mixed with a lipophilic NO donor (N-diazeniumdiolated dibutylhexanediamine (DBHD/N(2)O(2))). The NO release rate can be tuned by changing the thickness of top coatings, and the duration of NO release at physiologically relevant levels can be as long as 2 weeks. The combination of controlled NO release as well as immobilized active TM and heparin from/on the same polymeric surface mimics the highly thromboresistant endothelium layer. Hence, such multifunctional polymer coatings should provide more blood-compatible surfaces for biomedical devices.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.06.002

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  • Other anticoagulants such as thrombomodulin, direct thrombin inhibitors, and antiplatelet drugs have been immobilized onto polymer surfaces to increase hemocompatibility with varying success.

    “Other anticoagulants such as thrombomodulin,36 direct thrombin inhibitors (e.g., hirudin42 and argatroban43), or antiplatelet drugs (e.g.: prostacyclin (PGI2))36,41,42 have also been immobilized onto polymer surfaces to increase their hemocompatibility, with varying degrees of success.”
  • Considerable effort has been devoted to developing combination therapy and hybrid drugs that combine NO release functionality with other active agents for increased efficacies, including anticoagulants, direct thrombin inhibitors, antimicrobial metal ions, quaternary ammonium compounds, PEG, antibiotics, and NSAIDs.

    “Recently, considerable effort has been devoted to develop combination therapy and hybrid drugs that combine NO release functionality with other active agents for increased efficacies, including anticoagulants,35,126 direct thrombin inhibitors,36,43 antimicrobial metal ions,215 quaternary ammonium compounds,70 PEG,115 antibiotics,296 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibu”

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Authors
Wu, B., Gerlitz, B., Grinnell, B. W., & Meyerhoff, M. E.
Affiliations
  • University of Michigan (US)
  • Eli Lilly (United States) (US)
Corresponding author
Meyerhoff, Mark E.
Venue
Biomaterials
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2007-10
Volume
28
Issue
28
Pages
4047-4055
ISSN
0142-9612 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1973873605
Cited by
102
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 6
FWCI
3.12
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Biomaterials (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • University of Michigan
  • National Institutes of Health
  • Medical School, University of Michigan
  • National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R01EB000783)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD015434)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Surfaces, Coatings and Films › Polymer Surface Interaction Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
Keywords
nitric oxide release, thrombomodulin, heparin immobilization, surface functionalization, thromboresistance, hemocompatibility, controlled drug release
MeSH terms
Blood, Endothelium, Heparin, Humans, Materials Testing, Nitric Oxide, Polycarboxylate Cement, Polymers, Polyurethanes, Protein Binding, Silicones, Surface Properties, Molecular Structure, Thrombomodulin, Coated Materials, Biocompatible

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