Functional magnetic resonance imaging study of regional brain activation during implicit sequence learning in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Abstract
Background Corticostriatal circuitry has been implicated in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The serial reaction time (SRT) task, a paradigm that tests implicit sequence learning, has been used with imaging to probe striatal function. Initial studies have indicated that OCD patients exhibit deficient striatal activation and aberrant hippocampal recruitment compared with healthy control (HC) subjects. Here, we used the SRT and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to replicate prior results in a larger sample and to test for relationships between regional activation and OCD symptom dimensions.Methods Using SPM99, fMRI-SRT data from 12 OCD and 12 matched HC subjects were analyzed. Symptom dimensions followed a four-factor model scored on a 0- to 10-point scale.Results For the implicit learning versus random contrast, group by condition interactions revealed aberrant recruitment within the hippocampus as well as orbitofrontal cortex (OCD > HC) but no striatal group differences. However, an inverse correlation was found between striatal activation and specific symptom factors.Conclusions These results replicate previous smaller studies showing aberrant hippocampal recruitment in OCD during SRT performance. Although findings of deficient striatal activation in OCD were not replicated, correlation results suggest that this inconsistency may be attributable to differences among OCD symptom dimensions.
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The recruitment and interplay of several neural substrates, each thought to be abnormal in OCD, may prevent compensatory neural mechanisms and lead to behavioral impairments.
“It may well be that the recruitment and interplay of several neural substrates, each thought to be abnormal in OCD (Menzies et al. 2008) preclude the use of potential compensatory neural mechanisms sometimes reported (Rauch et al. 2007; Henseler et al. 2008), and result in behavioural impairments.”
From Punishment promotes response control deficits in obsessive-compulsive disorder: evidence from a motivational go/no-go task (2013) · cites this paper as Rauch et al. 2007
The study used a priori regions of interest (OFC, inferior frontal gyrus, striatal, hippocampal) based on previous literature.
“Based on previous literature on task-switching, set-shifting, and implicit learning tasks,6,19,29,30 we examined group interaction effects in the frontal cortical (OFC, inferior frontal gyrus), striatal, and hippocampal regions, as a priori regions of interest (ROIs).”
From Cognitive inflexibility and frontal–cortical activation in pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder (2010) · cites this paper as [30]
Several studies have suggested the importance of examining the different OCD symptom profiles separately.
“Several studies have suggested the importance of examining the different OCD symptom profiles separately3,30”
From Cognitive inflexibility and frontal–cortical activation in pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder (2010) · cites this paper as [30]
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- Authors
- Rauch, S. L., Wedig, M. M., Wright, C. I., Martis, B., McMullin, K. G., Shin, L. M., Cannistraro, P. A., & Wilhelm, S.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Tufts University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rauch, Scott L.
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-02
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 330-336
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2063217688
- Cited by
- 167
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 10.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5t32eb001632-05, 5r01mh060219-05)
- National Institute of Mental Health (K23MH64806, K23MH064806, R01MH60219)
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (T32EB001632-01)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
- Keywords
- obsessive-compulsive disorder, implicit sequence learning, serial reaction time task, striatal activation, orbitofrontal cortex, corticostriatal circuits, OCD symptom dimensions, regional brain activation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Cerebral Cortex, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Learning, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neural Pathways, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Recruitment, Neurophysiological, Cohort Studies, Neostriatum
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