Cited by 183Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesDevelopmental and Educational Neuropsychology

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Testing for Neuropsychological Endophenotypes in Siblings Discordant for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Bidwell, L. Cinnamon, Willcutt, Erik G., DeFries, John C., Pennington, Bruce F.·2007·Biological Psychiatry

DOI 10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.04.003PMC PMC2687149

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Abstract

Background Neurocognitive deficits associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) might be useful intermediate endophenotypes for determining specific genetic pathways that contribute to ADHD.Methods This study administered 17 measures from prominent neuropsychological theories of ADHD (executive function, processing speed, arousal regulation and, motivation/delay aversion) in dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs discordant for ADHD and control twin pairs (ages 8-18 years) to compare performance between twins affected with ADHD (n = 266), their unaffected co-twins (n = 228), and control children from twin pairs without ADHD or learning difficulties (n = 332).Results The ADHD subjects show significant impairment on executive function, processing speed, and response variability measures compared with control subjects. Unaffected co-twins of ADHD subjects are significantly impaired on nearly all the same measures as their ADHD siblings, even when subclinical symptoms of ADHD are controlled.Conclusions Executive function, processing speed, and response variability deficits might be useful endophenotypes for genetic studies of ADHD.

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Authors: Bidwell, L. C., Willcutt, E. G., DeFries, J. C., & Pennington, B. F.
Affiliations: University of Colorado Boulder (US)
University of Denver (US)
Corresponding author: Bidwell, L. Cinnamon
ORCID: Bidwell, L. Cinnamon
Willcutt, Erik G.
Pennington, Bruce F.
Venue: Biological Psychiatry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2007-11
Volume: 62
Issue: 9
Pages: 991-998
ISSN: 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.04.003
PMC: PMC2687149
OpenAlex: W2148410950
Cited by: 183
References: 70
Citations by year: 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 8.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (MH 04024, R01MH63941, R01MH038820, R37MH038820, R01 MH62120, R01MH063941, R01MH062120, F31MH078514, MH 38820)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P50-HD27802, P30HD004024, P50HD027802)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
Keywords: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, endophenotypes, executive function, processing speed, response variability, arousal regulation, motivation, delay aversion, gene pathways, neuropsychological deficits
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Cognition Disorders, Diseases in Twins, Female, Humans, Intelligence Tests, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Phenotype, Problem Solving, Reading, Sex Factors, Twins, Genetic Predisposition to Disease

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Testing for Neuropsychological Endophenotypes in Siblings Discordant for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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