Sleep disturbances in adolescents with ADHD: A systematic review and framework for future research
Open accessAbstract
Background Biological mechanisms underlying symptom and prognostic heterogeneity in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are unclear. Sleep impacts neurocognition and daytime functioning and is disrupted in ADHD, yet little is known about sleep in ADHD during adolescence, a period characterized by alterations in sleep, brain structure, and environmental demands as well as diverging ADHD trajectories.Methods A systematic review identified studies published prior to August 2016 assessing sleep in adolescents (aged 10-19years) with ADHD or participating in population-based studies measuring ADHD symptoms.Results Twenty-five studies were identified (19 subjective report, 6 using actigraphy/polysomnography). Findings are mixed but overall suggest associations between sleep disturbances and 1) ADHD symptoms in the population and 2) poorer clinical, neurocognitive, and functional outcomes among adolescents with ADHD. Common limitations of studies included small or non-representative samples, non-standardized sleep measures, and cross-sectional methodology.Conclusions Current data on sleep in adolescent ADHD are sparse and limited by methodological concerns. Future studies are critical for clarifying a potential role of sleep in contributing to heterogeneity of ADHD presentation and prognosis. Potential mechanisms by which sleep disturbances during adolescence may contribute to worsened symptom severity and persistence of ADHD into adulthood and an agenda to guide future research are discussed.
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Sleep disruption in adolescents is associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder.
“Sleep disruption in adolescents is associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder84 and autism spectrum disorder85.”
From Maternal and Early-Life Circadian Disruption Have Long-Lasting Negative Consequences on Offspring Development and Adult Behavior in Mice (2017) · cites this paper as [84]
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- Authors
- Lunsford-Avery, J. R., Krystal, A. D., & Kollins, S. H.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Venue
- Clinical Psychology Review
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 50
- Pages
- 159-174
- ISSN
- 0272-7358 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5401800
- OpenAlex
- W2537577915
- Cited by
- 131
- References
- 171
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 1.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Clinical Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (K23MH108704)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (K24DA023464)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, adolescents, sleep disorders, neuropsychological outcomes, functional outcome, symptom heterogeneity, actigraphy, polysomnography
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