Acute effects of alcohol on intrusive memory development and viewpoint dependence in spatial memory support a dual representation model
Abstract
Background A dual representation model of intrusive memory proposes that personally experienced events give rise to two types of representation: an image-based, egocentric representation based on sensory-perceptual features; and a more abstract, allocentric representation that incorporates spatiotemporal context. The model proposes that intrusions reflect involuntary reactivation of egocentric representations in the absence of a corresponding allocentric representation. We tested the model by investigating the effect of alcohol on intrusive memories and, concurrently, on egocentric and allocentric spatial memory.Methods With a double-blind independent group design participants were administered alcohol (.4 or .8 g/kg) or placebo. A virtual environment was used to present objects and test recognition memory from the same viewpoint as presentation (tapping egocentric memory) or a shifted viewpoint (tapping allocentric memory). Participants were also exposed to a trauma video and required to detail intrusive memories for 7 days, after which explicit memory was assessed.Results There was a selective impairment of shifted-view recognition after the low dose of alcohol, whereas the high dose induced a global impairment in same-view and shifted-view conditions. Alcohol showed a dose-dependent inverted "U"-shaped effect on intrusions, with only the low dose increasing the number of intrusions, replicating previous work. When same-view recognition was intact, decrements in shifted-view recognition were associated with increases in intrusions.Conclusions The differential effect of alcohol on intrusive memories and on same/shifted-view recognition support a dual representation model in which intrusions might reflect an imbalance between two types of memory representation. These findings highlight important clinical implications, given alcohol's involvement in real-life trauma.
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Individuals who had lesser contextual (allocentric) memory abilities were more vulnerable to developing involuntary memories of a traumatic film over the following week.
“individuals who had lesser contextual (allocentric) memory abilities were, as predicted, more vulnerable to developing involuntary memories of a traumatic film over the following week”
From Episodic memory, perceptual memory, and their interaction: Foundations for a theory of posttraumatic stress disorder. (2014) · cites this paper as Bisby, et al., 2010
Alcohol had a linear effect on voluntary memory and a quadratic effect on involuntary memory.
“Alcohol had linear effect on VM and quadratic effect on IVM”
From Episodic memory, perceptual memory, and their interaction: Foundations for a theory of posttraumatic stress disorder. (2014) · cites this paper as Bisby et al. (2010)
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Bisby, J. A., King, J. A., Brewin, C. R., Burgess, N., & Curran, H. V.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (GB)
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-08
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 280-286
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2013777828
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- UK Economic and Social Research Council
- UK Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- alcohol, allocentric spatial memory, viewpoint dependence, recognition memory, dose-dependent effects, trauma, virtual reality, memory reactivation
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Ethanol, Analysis of Variance, Central Nervous System Depressants, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Models, Psychological, Reference Values, Repression, Psychology, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Recognition, Psychology, Young Adult
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