Emotion-regulation skills as a treatment target in psychotherapy
Abstract
Background Deficits in emotion-regulation skills have been shown to be integral to the development and maintenance of a wide range of mental disorders.Aim To evaluate the importance of these skills as a treatment target in psychotherapeutic interventions.Method Nine specific emotion-regulation skills were assessed in a sample of 289 inpatients before and after cognitive-behavioural treatment. Self-reports of success in pretreatment skills application were first compared to those of 246 non-clinical controls. Pretreatment skills application and change in skills application during therapy were then related to a variety of outcome measures. Finally, the effects of integrating a brief training of general emotion-regulation skills into the CBT-based treatment were evaluated in a controlled trial.Results Uni- and multivariate analyses identified the skills of acceptance, tolerance, and active modification of negative emotions as particularly important for current mental health and treatment outcome. Replacing parts of the standard CBT treatment with the emotion-regulation training enhanced the effects of the CBT treatment on skills application and on other measures of mental health.Conclusion Incorporating interventions that directly target general emotion-regulation skills may improve the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic interventions.
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The Emotion Regulation Strategies Questionnaire has high internal consistency, adequate test-retest reliability, and construct validity.
“The ERSQ has demonstrated high internal consistency (α = .90) and adequate test-retest reliability (rtt = .75). Additionally, positive associations with well-being and negative associations with psychopathology and emotion-regulation deficits have provided construct validity for this measure (Berking, Wupperman, Reichard, et al. 2008; Berking & Znoj, 2008).”
From The role of negative affectivity and negative reactivity to emotions in predicting outcomes in the unified protocol for the transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders (2012) · cites this paper as Berking, Wupperman, Reichard, et al. 2008
Emotion regulation skills measured by the ERSQ show a positive correlation with mental health and a negative association with measures of psychopathology and emotion regulation deficit.
“A positive correlation between these skills and mental health, as well as a negative association with measures of psychopathology and emotion regulation deficit has been shown in multiple samples [49, 50].”
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“Ability models center around dispositional skills that are thought to facilitate adaptive emotion regulation, such as those embodied in the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (Gratz & Roemer, 2004) and the Emotion Regulation Skills Questionnaire (Berking et al., 2008).”
BackgroundProtective emotional regulation processes towards adjustment in infertile patients
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“The emotion regulation refers to cognitive and behavioral processes that change the frequency, intensity, duration, and emotional reactions (Berking et al., 2008).”
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- Authors
- Berking, M., Wupperman, P., Reichardt, A., Pejic, T., Dippel, A., & Znoj, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Yale University (US)
- University of Bern (CH)
- Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Berking, Matthias
- Venue
- Behaviour Research and Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-11
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1230-1237
- ISSN
- 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2118514915
- Cited by
- 532
- References
- 78
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 16.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- BORIS (University Library Bern) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Keywords
- emotion regulation skills, emotion regulation training, cognitive behavioral therapy, treatment goals, acceptance, mental illness, treatment outcomes, hospitalized patients
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Mental Disorders, Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychometrics, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult
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