Transdiagnostic internet-delivered CBT and mindfulness-based treatment for depression and anxiety: A randomised controlled trial
Open accessAbstract
To examine the efficacy of transdiagnostic internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT), mindfulness-enhanced iCBT, and stand-alone online mindfulness training compared with a usual care control group (TAU) for clinical anxiety and depression. Individuals (N = 158) with a DSM-5 diagnosis of a depressive and/or anxiety disorder were randomised to one of the three clinician-guided online interventions, or TAU over a 14-week intervention period. The primary outcomes were self-reported depression (PHQ-9) and anxiety (GAD-7) severity at post-treatment. Secondary outcomes included adherence rates, functional impairment (WHODAS-II), general distress (K−10), and diagnostic status at the 3-month follow-up (intervention groups). All three programs achieved significant and large reductions in symptoms of depression (g = 0.89–1.53), anxiety (g = 1.04–1.40), and distress (g = 1.25–1.76); and medium to large reductions in functional impairment (g = 0.53–0.98) from baseline to post-treatment and 3-month follow-up. Intention-to-treat linear mixed models showed that all three online programs were superior to usual care at reducing symptoms of depression (g = 0.89–1.18) and anxiety (g = 1.00–1.23). Transdiagnostic iCBT, mindfulness-enhanced iCBT and online mindfulness training are more efficacious for treating depression and anxiety disorders than usual care, and represent an accessible treatment option for these disorders.
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Six studies were included for data analysis.
“Finally, six studies were included for data analysis (Flett et al., 2020; Kladnitski et al., 2020; Levin et al., 2013; Levin et al., 2016; Levin et al., 2020; Viskovich & Pakenham, 2019)”
From Revisión sistemática y metaanálisis de intervenciones transdiagnósticas en línea de tercera generación (2023) · cites this paper as Kladnitski et al., 2020
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- Authors
- Kladnitski, N., Smith, J., Uppal, S., James, M. A., Allen, A. R., Andrews, G., & Newby, J. M.
- Affiliations
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Newby, Jill M.
- Venue
- Internet Interventions
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-04
- Volume
- 20
- Pages
- 100310
- ISSN
- 2214-7829 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7044661
- OpenAlex
- W3006020303
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 3
- FWCI
- 11.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Internet Interventions (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UNSWorks (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Medical Research Future Fund Fellowships (1037787, 1145382)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Keywords
- transdiagnostic treatment, internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy, depression, anxiety disorders, online psychological intervention, medication adherence, functional disability, general distress, usual care comparison
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