Emotion regulation and the anxiety disorders: An integrative review

Cisler, Josh M.; Olatunji, Bunmi O.; Feldner, Matthew T.; Forsyth, John P.

doi:10.1007/s10862-009-9161-1

Cited by 607Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Emotion regulation and the anxiety disorders: An integrative review

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Cisler, Josh M., Olatunji, Bunmi O., Feldner, Matthew T., Forsyth, John P.·2010·Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment

DOI 10.1007/s10862-009-9161-1PMC PMC2901125

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Abstract

The construct of emotion regulation has been increasingly investigated in the last decade, and this work has important implications for advancing anxiety disorder theory. This paper reviews research demonstrating that: 1) emotion (i.e., fear and anxiety) and emotion regulation are distinct, non-redundant, constructs that can be differentiated at the conceptual, behavioral, and neural levels of analysis; 2) emotion regulation can augment or diminish fear, depending on the emotion regulation strategy employed; and 3) measures of emotion regulation explain incremental variance in anxiety disorder symptoms above and beyond the variance explained by measures of emotional reactivity. The authors propose a model by which emotion regulation may function in the etiology of anxiety disorders. The paper concludes with suggestions for future research.

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States of high physiological excitement are particularly associated with stress.
“states of high physiological excitement are particularly associated with stress [70, 71].”
From Five studies evaluating the impact on mental health and mood of recalling, reading, and discussing fiction (2022) · cites this paper as [70]
The 'Defining Emotion' section (page unavailable) describes acute sympathetic arousal as part of a fear response to threat. It also reports physiological responses during exposure to highly threatening stimuli. These passages support a link between physiological arousal and threat or fear, but do not establish that high physiological excitement is particularly associated with stress. (LLM, conf=0.78)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
PD is related to various emotional dysregulations.
“empirical research has clearly indicated that PD is related to various emotional dysregulations (Aldao et al., 2010; Cisler et al., 2010)”
From Managing emotions in panic disorder: A systematic review of studies related to emotional intelligence, alexithymia, emotion regulation, and coping (2023) · cites this paper as Cisler et al., 2010
The pattern of associations is consistent with previous reports of difficulties in emotion regulation being distinctively related to anxiety symptoms, even when depressive symptoms are controlled.
“This pattern of associations is consistent with previous reports of difficulties in emotion regulation (as assessed herein) being distinctively related to anxiety symptoms, even when depressive symptoms are controlled [35].”
From The Efficacy of Be a Mom, a Web-Based Intervention to Prevent Postpartum Depression: Examining Mechanisms of Change in a Randomized Controlled Trial (2023) · cites this paper as [35]
Disrupted or maladaptive emotion regulation is implicated as a mechanism underlying several psychiatric disorders, including depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and borderline personality disorder.
“Disrupted, or maladaptive, ER has been implicated as a mechanism underlying various psychiatric disorders, including depressive6,7 and anxiety8 disorders, and borderline personality disorder.9”
From Emotion Regulation (2014) · cites this paper as [8]
Individuals with an anxiety disorder are characterized by dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies.
“and are characterized by dysfunctional ER strategies (Cisler et al., 2010; Ziv et al., 2013; Jazaieri et al., 2014; Diefenbach et al., 2016).”
From The Effectiveness of Art Therapy for Anxiety in Adult Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2019) · cites this paper as Cisler et al., 2010

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Emotion Regulation and Anxiety Disorders
Cisler, J. M., & Olatunji, B. O. (2012) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-012-0262-2 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
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Emotion regulation in anxiety disorders.
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Is emotion regulation a useful construct that adds to the explanatory power of learning models of anxiety disorders or a new label for old constructs?
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Unveiling the Network and Community Structures of Emotion Dysregulation: Sex Differences and Implications for Anxiety
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Authors: Cisler, J. M., Olatunji, B. O., Feldner, M. T., & Forsyth, J. P.
Affiliations: University of Arkansas at Fayetteville (US)
Vanderbilt University (US)
University at Albany, State University of New York (US)
Corresponding author: Cisler, Josh M.
ORCID: Cisler, Josh M.
Olatunji, Bunmi O.
Feldner, Matthew T.
Venue: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2009-09-16
Volume: 32
Issue: 1
Pages: 68-82
ISSN: 0164-0305 (ISSN-L)
0882-2689
1573-3505
DOI: 10.1007/s10862-009-9161-1
PMC: PMC2901125
OpenAlex: W1996121462
Cited by: 607
References: 135
Citations by year: 2026: 23 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 52 · 2022: 52 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 25
FWCI: 21.97
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (T32MH018869)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: emotion regulation, anxiety disorders, fear, emotional reactivity, emotion regulation strategies, causes of anxiety

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Emotion regulation and the anxiety disorders: An integrative review

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