Risk factors for onset of eating disorders: evidence of multiple risk pathways from an 8-year prospective study
Open accessAbstract
Objective Use classification tree analysis with lagged predictors to determine empirically derived cut-points for identifying adolescent girls at risk for future onset of threshold, subthreshold, and partial eating disorders and test for interactions between risk factors that may implicate qualitatively distinct risk pathways.Method Data were drawn from a prospective study of 496 adolescent girls who completed diagnostic interviews and surveys annually for 8 years.Results Body dissatisfaction emerged as the most potent predictor; adolescent girls in the upper 24% of body dissatisfaction showed a 4.0-fold increased incidence of eating disorder onset (24% vs. 6%). Among participants in the high body dissatisfaction branch, those in the upper 32% of depressive symptoms showed a 2.9-fold increased incidence of onset (43% vs. 15%). Among participants in the low body dissatisfaction branch, those in the upper 12% of dieting showed a 3.6-fold increased incidence onset (18% vs. 5%).Conclusion This three-way interaction suggests a body dissatisfaction pathway to eating disorder onset that is amplified by depressive symptoms, as well as a pathway characterized by self-reported dieting among young women who are more satisfied with their bodies. It may be possible to increase the effectiveness of prevention programs by targeting each of these qualitatively distinct risk groups, rather than only individuals with a single risk factor.
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Stice et al. (2011) found amplification effects (interactions) between high body dissatisfaction and high depressive symptoms, as well as low body dissatisfaction and high self-reported dieting, leading to increased risk of developing eating disorders.
“They found amplification effects (interactions) between high body dissatisfaction and high depressive symptoms, as well as low body dissatisfaction and high self-reported dieting, leading to increased risk of developing eating disorders.”
From The degree to which the cultural ideal is internalized predicts judgments of male and female physical attractiveness (2022) · cites this paper as Stice et al. (2011)
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- Authors
- Stice, E., Marti, C. N., & Durant, S.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- Oregon Research Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Stice, Eric
- Venue
- Behaviour Research and Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-10
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 622-627
- ISSN
- 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4007152
- OpenAlex
- W2090523262
- Cited by
- 611
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 52 · 2021: 58 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 49 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 29.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (MH/DK61957)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies
- Keywords
- eating disorders, risk factors, adolescent girls, body dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms, dieting, RISK pathway, subthreshold eating disorders, eating disorder prevention
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Psychology, Adolescent, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Body Image, Decision Trees, Depression, Female, Health Status Indicators, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Models, Psychological, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Cohort Studies, Logistic Models, Caloric Restriction
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