Roles for MicroRNAs in Conferring Robustness to Biological Processes
Open accessAbstract
Biological systems use a variety of mechanisms to maintain their functions in the face of environmental and genetic perturbations. Increasing evidence suggests that, among their roles as posttranscriptional repressors of gene expression, microRNAs (miRNAs) help to confer robustness to biological processes by reinforcing transcriptional programs and attenuating aberrant transcripts, and they may in some network contexts help suppress random fluctuations in transcript copy number. These activities have important consequences for normal development and physiology, disease, and evolution. Here, we will discuss examples and principles of miRNAs that contribute to robustness in animal systems.
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The vast majority of miRNA knock-out mice examined thus far lack any strong phenotypes under normal physiological conditions.
“Somewhat unexpectedly, the vast majority of miRNA knock-out mice examined thus far lack any strong phenotypes under normal physiological conditions (Ebert and Sharp, 2012;Mendell and Olson, 2012).”
From microRNA-33 Regulates ApoE Lipidation and Amyloid-β Metabolism in the Brain (2015) · cites this paper as Ebert and Sharp, 2012
The “Absent and variable phenotypes” section says several mouse miRNA knockouts show no gross phenotype and gives miR-208 as an example with little phenotype under normal conditions. It does not establish that the vast majority of mouse knockouts examined lack strong phenotypes; its “most” statement concerns worms, not mice. No page number is available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe repertoire of miRNA targets is a key determinant of the biological role of a given miRNA.
“Thus, the repertoire of miRNA targets is a key determinant of the biological role of a given miRNA (Ebert and Sharp, 2012).”
From Scalable and deep profiling of mRNA targets for individual microRNAs with chimeric eCLIP (2022) · cites this paper as Ebert and Sharp, 2012
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“In worms, most individual miRNA mutants show no gross phenotype (Miska et al., 2007); the same is true for several of the mouse knockouts generated to date, including miR-21, miR-210, miR-214, miR-206, and miR-143 (E. Olson, personal communication).”
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- Authors
- Ebert, M. S., & Sharp, P. A.
- Affiliations
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research At MIT (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sharp, Phillip A.
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-04
- Volume
- 149
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 515-524
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3351105
- OpenAlex
- W2171296186
- Cited by
- 1,564
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 51 · 2025: 52 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 77 · 2022: 93 · 2021: 113 · 2020: 130 · 2019: 120 · 2018: 149 · 2017: 143 · 2016: 115 · 2015: 152 · 2014: 122 · 2013: 151 · 2012: 37
- FWCI
- 11.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Elsevier eBooks
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (P30-CA14051)
- National Cancer Institute
- U.S. Public Health Service (R01-CA133404)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
- Keywords
- microRNA, biological robustness, post-transcriptional regulation, stochastic gene expression, transcriptional programs, developmental stability, disease, evolution
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Drosophila melanogaster, Biological Evolution, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, MicroRNAs
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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