Defining the Nutritional and Metabolic Context of FGF21 Using the Geometric Framework
Open accessAbstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is the first known endocrine signal activated by protein restriction. Although FGF21 is robustly elevated in low-protein environments, increased FGF21 is also seen in various other contexts such as fasting, overfeeding, ketogenic diets, and high-carbohydrate diets, leaving its nutritional context and physiological role unresolved and controversial. Here, we use the Geometric Framework, a nutritional modeling platform, to help reconcile these apparently conflicting findings in mice confined to one of 25 diets that varied in protein, carbohydrate, and fat content. We show that FGF21 was elevated under low protein intakes and maximally when low protein was coupled with high carbohydrate intakes. Our results explain how elevation of FGF21 occurs both under starvation and hyperphagia, and show that the metabolic outcomes associated with elevated FGF21 depend on the nutritional context, differing according to whether the animal is in a state of under- or overfeeding.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Fat intake does not significantly alter FGF21 expression in rodents.
“a thorough analysis of macronutrient intake has revealed that fat intake does not significantly alter FGF21 expression in rodents28.”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [28]
FGF21 is maximally induced under a combined high-sugar/low-protein nutritional state.
“FGF21 is maximally induced under a nutritional state of a combined high-sugar/low-protein condition28.”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [28]
Maximal circulating FGF21 levels increase in response to a combination of low-protein and high-carbohydrate conditions.
“maximal levels of circulating FGF21 increase in response to a combination of low-protein and high-carbohydrate conditions [152,158,165].”
From Hepatokines and metabolism: Deciphering communication from the liver (2021) · cites this paper as [152]
Hepatic FGF21 increases in response to nutritional stimuli including macronutrient imbalance and alcohol intake.
“several recent studies confirmed that hepatic FGF21 increases in response to other nutritional stimuli, including conditions of macronutrient imbalance [152], and in response to alcohol intake [138,140,153].”
From Hepatokines and metabolism: Deciphering communication from the liver (2021) · cites this paper as [152]
Low-protein diets, amino acid starvation, and the amino acid-depleting drug asparaginase induce plasma FGF21 levels.
“Low-protein diets (73, 85), amino acid starvation (25, 121), and the amino acid–depleting drug asparaginase (138) also induce plasma FGF21 levels.”
From Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Versatile Regulator of Metabolic Homeostasis (2018) · cites this paper as [121]
FGF21 was elevated robustly by low protein and this induction was maximized when low-protein intake was coupled with high-carbohydrate intake.
“This study found that FGF21 was elevated robustly by low protein and that this induction was maximized when low-protein intake was coupled with high-carbohydrate intake (121).”
From Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Versatile Regulator of Metabolic Homeostasis (2018) · cites this paper as [121]
Circulating FGF21 levels are robustly increased by diets that are high in carbohydrate but low in protein.
“Circulating FGF21 levels are robustly increased by diets that are high in carbohydrate but low in protein”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [145]
Protein intake is the primary driver of circulating FGF21 levels, but maximal FGF21 occurs in mice consuming diets that were both low in protein and high in carbohydrate.
“their data suggest that protein intake is the primary driver of circulating FGF21 levels, but that maximal FGF21 occurs in mice consuming diets that were both low in protein and high in carbohydrate”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [145]
Both acute carbohydrate ingestion and long-term exposure to high-carbohydrate diets significantly increase liver FGF21 mRNA expression and circulating FGF21 levels.
“Both acute carbohydrate ingestion and long-term exposure to high-carbohydrate diets significantly increase liver FGF21 mRNA expression and circulating FGF21 levels”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [145]
Liver FGF21 production is robustly stimulated by an imbalance in macronutrients, particularly settings of high-carbohydrate but low-protein intake.
“liver FGF21 production seems to be robustly stimulated by an imbalance in macronutrients, particularly settings of high-carbohydrate but low-protein intake”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [145]
Liver FGF21 expression and circulating FGF21 protein levels are increased by the restriction of protein intake in mice, rats, and humans.
“liver FGF21 expression and circulating FGF21 protein levels are increased by the restriction of protein intake in mice, rats, and humans”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [145]
The effect of high carbohydrate and low protein to increase FGF21 appears to be regulated independently.
“the effect of high carbohydrate and low protein to increase FGF21 appears to be regulated independently”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [145]
The increase in FGF21 is directly related to reduced protein intake, as it occurs in settings of both low and high carbohydrate and low and high fat.
“This increase in FGF21 is directly related to reduced protein intake, as it occurs in settings of both low and high carbohydrate and low and high fat”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [145]
Reductions in dietary protein intake-or the intake of specific amino acids-increase liver FGF21 mRNA expression and circulating FGF21 protein levels.
“reductions in dietary protein intake—or the intake of specific amino acids—increase liver FGF21 mRNA expression and circulating FGF21 protein levels”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [145]
Cites
mTOR Signaling in Growth Control and Disease
Laplante, M., & Sabatini, D. M. (2012) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.03.017 · Cited by 8,509 · see citing works
Extending Healthy Life Span—From Yeast to Humans
Fontana, L., Partridge, L., & Longo, V. D. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1172539 · Cited by 3,023 · see citing works
Inagaki, T., Dutchak, P., Zhao, G., Ding, X., Gautron, L., Parameswara, V., Li, Y., Goetz, R., Mohammadi, M., Esser, V., et al. (2007) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.05.003 · Cited by 1,504 · see citing works
Badman, M. K., Pissios, P., Kennedy, A. R., Koukos, G., Flier, J. S., & Maratos-Flier, E. (2007) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.05.002 · Cited by 1,495 · see citing works
FGF21 regulates PGC-1α and browning of white adipose tissues in adaptive thermogenesis
Fisher, F. M., Kleiner, S., Douris, N., Fox, E. C., Mepani, R. J., Verdeguer, F., Wu, J., Kharitonenkov, A., Flier, J. S., Maratos-Flier, E., et al. (2012) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.177857.111 · Cited by 1,478 · see citing works
Xu, J., Lloyd, D. J., Hale, C., Stanislaus, S., Chen, M., Sivits, G., Vonderfecht, S., Hecht, R., Li, Y.-S., Lindberg, R. A., et al. (2009) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db08-0392 · Cited by 1,151 · see citing works
Lifespan and reproduction in <i>Drosophila</i> : New insights from nutritional geometry
Lee, K. P., Simpson, S. J., Clissold, F. J., Brooks, R., Ballard, J. W. O., Taylor, P. W., Soran, N., & Raubenheimer, D. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0710787105 · Cited by 1,032 · see citing works
Self-citationZhang, X., Yeung, D. C. Y., Karpisek, M., Stejskal, D., Zhou, Z.-G., Liu, F., Wong, R. L. C., Chow, W.-S., Tso, A. W. K., Lam, K. S. L., et al. (2008) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db07-1476 · Cited by 908 · see citing works
Solon-Biet, S. M., McMahon, A. C., Ballard, J. W. O., Ruohonen, K., Wu, L. E., Cogger, V. C., Warren, A., Huang, X., Pichaud, N., Melvin, R. G., et al. (2014) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2014.02.009 · Cited by 904 · see citing works
Self-citationA Creatine-Driven Substrate Cycle Enhances Energy Expenditure and Thermogenesis in Beige Fat
Kazak, L., Chouchani, E. T., Jedrychowski, M. P., Erickson, B. K., Shinoda, K., Cohen, P., Vetrivelan, R., Lu, G. Z., Laznik-Bogoslavski, D., Hasenfuss, S. C., et al. (2015) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.09.035 · Cited by 787 · see citing works
Potthoff, M. J., Inagaki, T., Satapati, S., Ding, X., He, T., Goetz, R., Mohammadi, M., Finck, B. N., Mangelsdorf, D. J., Kliewer, S. A., et al. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0904187106 · Cited by 704 · see citing works
Increased Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 in Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Dushay, J., Chui, P. C., Gopalakrishnan, G. S., Varela–Rey, M., Crawley, M., Fisher, F. M., Badman, M. K., Martinez–Chantar, M. L., & Maratos–Flier, E. (2010) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2010.04.054 · Cited by 607 · see citing works
Simpson, S. J., & Raubenheimer, D. (2012) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9781400842803 · Cited by 599 · see citing works
Self-citationFGF21 is an endocrine signal of protein restriction
Laeger, T., Henagan, T. M., Albarado, D. C., Redman, L. M., Bray, G. A., Noland, R. C., Münzberg, H., Hutson, S. M., Gettys, T. W., Schwartz, M. W., et al. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci74915 · Cited by 593 · cited 10× · see citing works
“Although FGF21 is robustly elevated in protein/amino acid restriction, its physiological role remains uncertain (Laeger et al., 2014; Maida et al., 2016).”
InfluentialSelf-citationObesity: the protein leverage hypothesis
Simpson, S. J., & Raubenheimer, D. (2005) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2005.00178.x · Cited by 591 · see citing works
Self-citationCirculating FGF21 Is Liver Derived and Enhances Glucose Uptake During Refeeding and Overfeeding
Markan, K. R., Naber, M. C., Ameka, M. K., Anderegg, M. D., Mangelsdorf, D. J., Kliewer, S. A., Mohammadi, M., & Potthoff, M. J. (2014) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db14-0595 · Cited by 590 · see citing works
Fibroblast growth factor 21 regulates energy metabolism by activating the AMPK–SIRT1–PGC-1α pathway
Chau, M. D. L., Gao, J., Yang, Q., Wu, Z., & Gromada, J. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1006962107 · Cited by 548 · see citing works
Nutrient-Specific Foraging in Invertebrate Predators
Mayntz, D., Raubenheimer, D., Salomon, M., Toft, S., & Simpson, S. J. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1105493 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
Self-citationThe starvation hormone, fibroblast growth factor-21, extends lifespan in mice
Zhang, Y., Xie, Y., Berglund, E. D., Coate, K. C., He, T. T., Katafuchi, T., Xiao, G., Potthoff, M. J., Wei, W., Wan, Y., et al. (2012) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.00065 · Cited by 420 · see citing works
Inhibition of Growth Hormone Signaling by the Fasting-Induced Hormone FGF21
Inagaki, T., Lin, V. Y., Goetz, R., Mohammadi, M., Mangelsdorf, D. J., & Kliewer, S. A. (2008) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.05.006 · Cited by 409 · see citing works
FGF21 mediates endocrine control of simple sugar intake and sweet taste preference by the liver
von Holstein-Rathlou, S., BonDurant, L. D., Peltekian, L., Naber, M. C., Yin, T. C., Claflin, K. E., Urizar, A. I., Madsen, A. N., Ratner, C., Holst, B., et al. (2016) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2015.12.003 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
FGF21 Regulates Sweet and Alcohol Preference
Talukdar, S., Owen, B. M., Song, P., Hernandez, G., Zhang, Y., Zhou, Y., Scott, W. T., Paratala, B., Turner, T., Smith, A., et al. (2016) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2015.12.008 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Phosphorylation of eIF2 Directs ATF5 Translational Control in Response to Diverse Stress Conditions
Zhou, D., Palam, L. R., Jiang, L., Narasimhan, J., Staschke, K. A., & Wek, R. C. (2008) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m708530200 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
The nature of nutrition: a unifying framework from animal adaptation to human obesity
(2013) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.50-2662 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Sarruf, D. A., Thaler, J. P., Morton, G. J., German, J. P., Fischer, J. D., Ogimoto, K., & Schwartz, M. W. (2010) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db09-1878 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Calorie Restriction: Is AMPK a Key Sensor and Effector
Cantó, C., & Auwerx, J. (2011) · Physiology · doi:10.1152/physiol.00010.2011 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Amoeboid organism solves complex nutritional challenges
Dussutour, A., Latty, T. M., Beekman, M., & Simpson, S. J. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0912198107 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Self-citationActivating transcription factor 4-dependent induction of FGF21 during amino acid deprivation
De Sousa-Coelho, A. L., Marrero, P. F., & Haro, D. (2012) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj20111748 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Macronutrient balance, reproductive function, and lifespan in aging mice
Solon-Biet, S. M., Walters, K. A., Simanainen, U. K., McMahon, A. C., Ruohonen, K., Ballard, J. W. O., Raubenheimer, D., Handelsman, D. J., Le Couteur, D. G., & Simpson, S. J. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1422041112 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Self-citationInterplay between FGF21 and insulin action in the liver regulates metabolism
Emanuelli, B., Vienberg, S. G., Smyth, G., Cheng, C., Stanford, K. I., Arumugam, M., Michael, M. D., Adams, A. C., Kharitonenkov, A., & Kahn, C. R. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci67353 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Fructose ingestion acutely stimulates circulating FGF21 levels in humans
Dushay, J. R., Toschi, E., Mitten, E. K., Fisher, F. M., Herman, M. A., & Maratos-Flier, E. (2015) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2014.09.008 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
FGF21 contributes to neuroendocrine control of female reproduction
Owen, B. M., Bookout, A. L., Ding, X., Lin, V. Y., Atkin, S. D., Gautron, L., Kliewer, S. A., & Mangelsdorf, D. J. (2013) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3250 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Sørensen, A., Mayntz, D., Raubenheimer, D., & Simpson, S. J. (2008) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2007.58 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Self-citationFGF21 and the late adaptive response to starvation in humans
Fazeli, P. K., Lun, M., Kim, S. M., Bredella, M. A., Wright, S., Zhang, Y., Lee, H., Catana, C., Klibanski, A., Patwari, P., et al. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci83349 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Dietary Protein to Carbohydrate Ratio and Caloric Restriction: Comparing Metabolic Outcomes in Mice
Solon-Biet, S. M., Mitchell, S. J., Coogan, S. C. P., Cogger, V. C., Gokarn, R., McMahon, A. C., Raubenheimer, D., de Cabo, R., Simpson, S. J., & Le Couteur, D. G. (2015) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2015.05.007 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Self-citationLaeger, T., Albarado, D. C., Burke, S. J., Trosclair, L., Hedgepeth, J. W., Berthoud, H.-R., Gettys, T. W., Collier, J. J., Münzberg, H., & Morrison, C. D. (2016) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2016.06.044 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Self-citationLees, E. K., Król, E., Grant, L., Shearer, K., Wyse, C. A., Moncur, E. M., Bykowska, A. S., Mody, N., Gettys, T. W., & Delibegović, M. (2014) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.12238 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Mechanisms of Increased In Vivo Insulin Sensitivity by Dietary Methionine Restriction in Mice
Stone, K. P., Wanders, D., Orgeron, M., Cortez, C. C., & Gettys, T. W. (2014) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db14-0464 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Protein leverage and energy intake
Gosby, A. K., Conigrave, A. D., Raubenheimer, D., & Simpson, S. J. (2014) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12131 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Self-citationNutritional Immunology: A Multi-Dimensional Approach
Ponton, F., Wilson, K. L., Cotter, S. C., Raubenheimer, D., & Simpson, S. J. (2011) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002223 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Self-citationGlucose induces FGF21 mRNA expression through ChREBP activation in rat hepatocytes
Iizuka, K., Takeda, J., & Horikawa, Y. (2009) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2009.07.053 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Fromentin, G., Darcel, N., Chaumontet, C., Marsset‐Baglieri, A., Nadkarni, N. A., & Tomé, D. (2012) · Nutrition Research Reviews · doi:10.1017/s0954422411000175 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
A liver stress-endocrine nexus promotes metabolic integrity during dietary protein dilution
Maida, A., Zota, A., Sjøberg, K. A., Schumacher, J., Sijmonsma, T. P., Pfenninger, A., Christensen, M. M., Gantert, T., Fuhrmeister, J., Rothermel, U., et al. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci85946 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Hepatic mTORC1 controls locomotor activity, body temperature, and lipid metabolism through FGF21
Cornu, M., Oppliger, W., Albert, V., Robitaille, A. M., Trapani, F., Quagliata, L., Fuhrer, T., Sauer, U., Terracciano, L., & Hall, M. N. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1412047111 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
FGF21 reloaded: challenges of a rapidly growing field
Kharitonenkov, A., & Larsen, P. J. (2010) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2010.11.003 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Dietary Protein, Metabolism, and Aging
Soultoukis, G. A., & Partridge, L. (2016) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev-biochem-060815-014422 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Macronutrients and caloric intake in health and longevity
Solon‐Biet, S. M., Mitchell, S. J., de Cabo, R., Raubenheimer, D., Couteur, D. G. L., & Simpson, S. J. (2015) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-15-0173 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Self-citationFGF21 mediates the lipid metabolism response to amino acid starvation
De Sousa-Coelho, A. L., Relat, J., Hondares, E., Pérez-Martí, A., Ribas, F., Villarroya, F., Marrero, P. F., & Haro, D. (2013) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.m033415 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Balancing of protein and lipid intake by a mammalian carnivore, the mink, Mustela vison
Mayntz, D., Nielsen, V. H., Sørensen, A., Toft, S., Raubenheimer, D., Hejlesen, C., & Simpson, S. J. (2008) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.09.036 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Self-citationMercken, E. M., Hu, J. H., Krzysik-Walker, S. M., Wei, M., Li, Y., McBurney, M. W., de Cabo, R., & Longo, V. D. (2013) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.12151 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Chotechuang, N., Azzout‐Marniche, D., Bos, C., Chaumontet, C., Gausserès, N., Steiler, T. L., Gaudichon, C., & Tomé, D. (2009) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.91000.2008 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Protein-dependent regulation of feeding and metabolism
Morrison, C. D., & Laeger, T. (2015) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2015.02.008 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Uebanso, T., Taketani, Y., Yamamoto, H., Amo, K., Ominami, H., Arai, H., Takei, Y., Masuda, M., Tanimura, A., Harada, N., et al. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0022976 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Homeostatic regulation of protein intake: in search of a mechanism
Morrison, C. D., Reed, S. D., & Henagan, T. M. (2012) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00609.2011 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Self-citationSánchez, J., Palou, A., & Picó, C. (2009) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2009-0466 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Nutritional ecology of obesity: from humans to companion animals
Raubenheimer, D., Machovsky‐Capuska, G. E., Gosby, A. K., & Simpson, S. J. (2014) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114514002323 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citationHuang, X., Hancock, D., Gosby, A. K., McMahon, A. C., Solon‐Biet, S. M., Couteur, D. G. L., Conigrave, A. D., Raubenheimer, D., & Simpson, S. J. (2013) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20007 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationChronic activation of AMP-activated kinase as a strategy for slowing aging
McCarty, M. F. (2004) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2004.01.043 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Hansen, M. B., Mitchelmore, C., Kjærulff, K. M., Rasmussen, T., Pedersen, K. M., & Jensen, N. A. (2002) · Genomics · doi:10.1006/geno.2002.6838 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Gosby, A. K., Lau, N. S., Tam, C. S., Iglesias, M. A., Morrison, C. D., Caterson, I. D., Brand-Miller, J., Conigrave, A. D., Raubenheimer, D., & Simpson, S. J. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0161003 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationStemmer, K., Zani, F., Habegger, K. M., Neff, C., Kotzbeck, P., Bauer, M., Yalamanchilli, S., Azad, A., Lehti, M., Martins, P. J. F., et al. (2015) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-015-3668-7 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
The Influence of Macronutrients on Splanchnic and Hepatic Lymphocytes in Aging Mice
Couteur, D. G. L., Tay, S. S., Solon‐Biet, S. M., Bertolino, P., McMahon, A. C., Cogger, V. C., Colakoglu, F., Warren, A., Holmes, A. J., Pichaud, N., et al. (2014) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glu196 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationHead Over Hepatocytes for FGF21
Potthoff, M. J., & Finck, B. N. (2014) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db14-1185 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Restoration of metabolic health by decreased consumption of branched‐chain amino acids
Richardson, N. E., Williams, E. M., Kasza, I., Konon, E. N., Schaid, M. D., Schmidt, B., Poudel, C., Sherman, D. S., Yu, D., Apelo, S. I. A., et al. (2017) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp275075 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Cultivated Ancient Wheats ( Triticum spp.): A Potential Source of Health‐Beneficial Food Products
Arzani, A., & Ashraf, M. (2017) · Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety · doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12262 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
FGF21 gene therapy as treatment for obesity and insulin resistance
Jiménez, V., Jambrina, C., Casana, E., Sacristan, V., MUÑOZ, S. A., Darriba, S., Rodó, J., Mallol, C., García, M., León, X., et al. (2018) · EMBO Molecular Medicine · doi:10.15252/emmm.201708791 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Flippo, K. H., & Potthoff, M. J. (2021) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-021-00354-2 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21—Metabolic Role in Mice and Men
Staiger, H., Keuper, M., Berti, L., Hrabě de Angelis, M., & Häring, H.-U. (2017) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2017-00016 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Hepatokines and metabolism: Deciphering communication from the liver
Jensen-Cody, S. O., & Potthoff, M. J. (2021) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101138 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
FGF21 Signals Protein Status to the Brain and Adaptively Regulates Food Choice and Metabolism
Hill, C. M., Laeger, T., Dehner, M., Albarado, D. C., Clarke, B., Wanders, D., Burke, S. J., Collier, J. J., Qualls-Creekmore, E., Solon-Biet, S. M., et al. (2019) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.022 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Self-citationBranched chain amino acids, aging and age-related health
Couteur, D. G. L., Solon‐Biet, S. M., Cogger, V. C., Ribeiro, R. V., de Cabo, R., Raubenheimer, D., Cooney, G. J., & Simpson, S. J. (2020) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101198 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Self-citationFibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Versatile Regulator of Metabolic Homeostasis
BonDurant, L. D., & Potthoff, M. J. (2018) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-071816-064800 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
FGF21 Is a Sugar-Induced Hormone Associated with Sweet Intake and Preference in Humans
Søberg, S., Sandholt, C. H., Jespersen, N. Z., Toft, U., Madsen, A. L., von Holstein-Rathlou, S., Grevengoed, T. J., Christensen, K. B., Bredie, W. L. P., Potthoff, M. J., et al. (2017) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2017.04.009 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Tillman, E. J., & Rolph, T. (2020) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.601290 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
The impact of dietary protein intake on longevity and metabolic health
Kitada, M., Ogura, Y., Monno, I., & Koya, D. (2019) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.04.005 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Dietary protein, aging and nutritional geometry
Simpson, S. J., Le Couteur, D. G., Raubenheimer, D., Solon-Biet, S. M., Cooney, G. J., Cogger, V. C., & Fontana, L. (2017) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2017.03.001 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Self-citationJensen-Cody, S. O., Flippo, K. H., Claflin, K. E., Yavuz, Y., Sapouckey, S. A., Walters, G. C., Usachev, Y. M., Atasoy, D., Gillum, M. P., & Potthoff, M. J. (2020) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2020.06.008 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Protein Leverage: Theoretical Foundations and Ten Points of Clarification
Raubenheimer, D., & Simpson, S. J. (2019) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22531 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Self-citationNew developments in the biology of fibroblast growth factors
Ornitz, D. M., & Itoh, N. (2022) · WIREs Mechanisms of Disease · doi:10.1002/wsbm.1549 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Leulier, F., MacNeil, L. T., Lee, W., Rawls, J. F., Cani, P. D., Schwarzer, M., Zhao, L., & Simpson, S. J. (2017) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2017.02.001 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Self-citationWahl, D., Solon‐Biet, S. M., Wang, Q., Wali, J. A., Pulpitel, T., Clark, X., Raubenheimer, D., Senior, A. M., Sinclair, D. A., Cooney, G. J., et al. (2018) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.10.070 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Self-citationCirculating FGF21 in humans is potently induced by short term overfeeding of carbohydrates
Lundsgaard, A.-M., Fritzen, A. M., Sjøberg, K. A., Myrmel, L. S., Madsen, L., Wojtaszewski, J. F. P., Richter, E. A., & Kiens, B. (2017) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2016.11.001 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Fibroblast growth factor 21: a regulator of metabolic disease and health span
Xie, T., & Leung, P. S. (2017) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00101.2017 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Yap, Y. W., Rusu, P. M., Chan, A. Y., Fam, B. C., Jungmann, A., Solon‐Biet, S. M., Barlow, C. K., Creek, D. J., Huang, C., Schittenhelm, R. B., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-16568-z · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Self-citationGeller, S., Arribat, Y., Netzahualcoyotzi, C., Lagarrigue, S., Carneiro, L., Zhang, L., Amati, F., López‐Mejía, I. C., & Pellerin, L. (2019) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2019.08.004 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Green, C. L., Pak, H. H., Richardson, N. E., Flores, V., Yu, D., Tomasiewicz, J. L., Dumas, S. N., Kredell, K., Fan, J. W., Kirsh, C., et al. (2022) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2021.12.018 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Methionine restriction prevents onset of type 2 diabetes in NZO mice
Castaño-Martínez, T., Schumacher, F., Schumacher, S., Kochlik, B., Weber, D., Grune, T., Biemann, R., McCann, A., Abraham, K., Weikert, C., et al. (2019) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.201900150r · Cited by 104 · see citing works
FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference
Hill, C. M., Qualls-Creekmore, E., Berthoud, H.-R., Soto, P., Yu, S., McDougal, D. H., Münzberg, H., & Morrison, C. D. (2020) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqaa019 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Self-citationHill, C. M., Laeger, T., Albarado, D. C., McDougal, D. H., Berthoud, H.-R., Münzberg, H., & Morrison, C. D. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-07498-w · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citationMuscle Directs Diurnal Energy Homeostasis through a Myokine-Dependent Hormone Module in Drosophila
Zhao, X. L., & Karpac, J. (2017) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.06.004 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Søberg, S., Andersen, E. S., Dalsgaard, N. B., Jarlhelt, I., Hansen, N. L., Hoffmann, N., Vilsbøll, T., Chenchar, A., Jensen, M., Grevengoed, T. J., et al. (2018) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2018.03.010 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
The Geometric Framework for Nutrition as a tool in precision medicine
Simpson, S. J., Couteur, D. G. L., James, D. E., George, J., Gunton, J. E., Solon‐Biet, S. M., & Raubenheimer, D. (2017) · Nutrition and Healthy Aging · doi:10.3233/nha-170027 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citationRegulation of metabolic health by essential dietary amino acids
Green, C. L., & Lamming, D. (2018) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2018.07.004 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 and the Adaptive Response to Nutritional Challenges
Martínez‐Garza, Ú., Torres‐Oteros, D., Yarritu, A., Marrero, P. F., Haro, D., & Relat, J. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20194692 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Chu, C., Yu, L., Qi, G., Mi, Y., Wu, W., Lee, Y. K., Zhai, Q., Tian, F., & Chen, W. (2022) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104556 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Impact of dietary carbohydrate type and protein–carbohydrate interaction on metabolic health
Wali, J. A., Milner, A. J., Luk, A. W. S., Pulpitel, T., Dodgson, T., Facey, H. J. W., Wahl, D., Kebede, M. A., Senior, A. M., Sullivan, M. A., et al. (2021) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-021-00393-9 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationCrujeiras, A. B., Gómez-Arbeláez, D., Zulet, M. Á., Carreira, M. C., Sajoux, I., de Luis, D. A., Castro, A. I., Baltar, J., de la Torre, I. B., Sueiro, A. M., et al. (2017) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2017.138 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Circulating FGF21 Levels in Human Health and Metabolic Disease
Keuper, M., Häring, H., & Staiger, H. (2019) · Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes · doi:10.1055/a-0879-2968 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Discovering signaling mechanisms governing metabolism and metabolic diseases with Drosophila
Kim, S. K., Tsao, D. D., Suh, G. S. B., & Miguel‐Aliaga, I. (2021) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2021.05.018 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Normal and Pathological NRF2 Signalling in the Central Nervous System
Heurtaux, T., Bouvier, D. S., Bénani, A., Helgueta, S., Frauenknecht, K. B. M., Mittelbronn, M. G. A., & Sinkkonen, L. (2022) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox11081426 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Spann, R. A., Morrison, C. D., & den Hartigh, L. J. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.802541 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Self-citationFibroblast growth factor-21 controls dietary protein intake in male mice
Larson, K. R., Chaffin, A. T.-B., Goodson, M. L., Fang, Y., & Ryan, K. K. (2019) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2018-01056 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Homeostatic sensing of dietary protein restriction: a case for FGF21
Hill, C. M., Berthoud, H.-R., Münzberg, H., & Morrison, C. D. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2018.06.002 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationFGF21 resistance is not mediated by downregulation of beta-klotho expression in white adipose tissue
Markan, K. R., Naber, M. C., Small, S. M., Peltekian, L., Kessler, R. L., & Potthoff, M. J. (2017) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2017.03.009 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Maida, A., Chan, J. S. K., Sjøberg, K. A., Zota, A., Schmoll, D., Kiens, B., Herzig, S., & Rose, A. J. (2017) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2017.06.009 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Sex differences in the hormonal and metabolic response to dietary protein dilution
Larson, K. R., Russo, K. A., Fang, Y., Mohajerani, N., Goodson, M. L., & Ryan, K. K. (2017) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2017-00331 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Ingestion of resistant starch by mice markedly increases microbiome‐derived metabolites
Koay, Y. C., Wali, J. A., Luk, A. W. S., Macia, L., Cogger, V. C., Pulpitel, T., Wahl, D., Solon‐Biet, S. M., Holmes, A. J., Simpson, S. J., et al. (2019) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.201900177r · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Self-citationProtein appetite as an integrator in the obesity system: the protein leverage hypothesis
Raubenheimer, D., & Simpson, S. J. (2023) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2022.0212 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationHRD1‐ERAD controls production of the hepatokine FGF21 through CREBH polyubiquitination
Wei, J., Chen, L., Li, F., Yuan, Y., Wang, Y., Xia, W., Zhang, Y., Xu, Y., Yang, Z., Gao, B., et al. (2018) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.201898942 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Nutrients and Pathways that Regulate Health Span and Life Span
Pignatti, C., D’Adamo, S., Stefanelli, C., Flamigni, F., & Cetrullo, S. (2020) · Geriatrics · doi:10.3390/geriatrics5040095 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Macronutrient Determinants of Obesity, Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Health
Wali, J. A., Solon‐Biet, S. M., Freire, T., & Brandon, A. E. (2021) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology10040336 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationA new frontier in FGF21 biology
Potthoff, M. J. (2017) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2016.206 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Laeger, T., Baumeier, C., Wilhelmi, I., Würfel, J., Kamitz, A., & Schürmann, A. (2017) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-017-4389-x · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Struik, D., Dommerholt, M. B., & Jonker, J. W. (2019) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0000000000000599 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Amino acid transporters in the regulation of insulin secretion and signalling
Javed, K., & Fairweather, S. J. (2019) · Biochemical Society Transactions · doi:10.1042/bst20180250 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Harris, L.-A. L. S., Smith, G. I., Patterson, B. W., Ramaswamy, R. S., Okunade, A. L., Kelly, S. C., Porter, L. C., Klein, S., Yoshino, J., & Mittendorfer, B. (2017) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db16-1475 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Brain circuits for promoting homeostatic and non-homeostatic appetites
Ahn, B. H., Kim, M., & Kim, S. (2022) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/s12276-022-00758-4 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Trevino-Villarreal, J. H., Reynolds, J. S., Bartelt, A., Langston, P. K., MacArthur, M. R., Arduini, A., Tosti, V., Veronese, N., Bertozzi, B., Brace, L. E., et al. (2018) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.99470 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Impact of Genes and Environment on Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease
Heianza, Y., & Qi, L. (2018) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2018-00591 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Kosakamoto, H., Okamoto, N., Aikawa, H., Sugiura, Y., Suematsu, M., Niwa, R., Miura, M., & Obata, F. (2022) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-022-00608-7 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Adipokines as Clinically Relevant Therapeutic Targets in Obesity
Würfel, M., Blüher, M., Stümvoll, M., Ebert, T., Kovacs, P. L., Tönjes, A., & Breitfeld, J. (2023) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines11051427 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Ahmad, Y., Seo, D. S., & Jang, Y. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25137076 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Zhuo, Y., Hua, L., Feng, B., Jiang, X., Li, J., Jiang, D., Huang, X., Yingguo, Z., Li, Z., Yan, L., et al. (2019) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.02.020 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Flippo, K. H., Jensen-Cody, S. O., Claflin, K. E., & Potthoff, M. J. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-76593-2 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Dietary Methionine Restriction
Fang, H., Stone, K. P., Wanders, D., Forney, L. A., & Gettys, T. W. (2022) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-062320-111849 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Mu, W., Vanhoosier, E., Elks, C. M., & Grant, R. W. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10070918 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
FGF-based drug discovery: advances and challenges
Chen, G., Chen, L., Li, X., & Mohammadi, M. (2025) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41573-024-01125-w · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Nonogaki, K. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23031600 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
An integrative approach to dietary balance across the life course
Raubenheimer, D., Senior, A. M., Mirth, C. K., Cui, Z., Hou, R., Couteur, D. G. L., Solon‐Biet, S. M., Léopold, P., & Simpson, S. J. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104315 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citationFibroblast growth factor 21: an endocrine inhibitor of sugar and alcohol appetite
von Holstein‐Rathlou, S., & Gillum, M. P. (2019) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp277117 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Toward reconciling the roles of FGF21 in protein appetite, sweet preference, and energy expenditure
Solon‐Biet, S. M., Clark, X., Bell-Anderson, K. S., Rusu, P. M., Perks, R., Freire, T., Pulpitel, T., Senior, A. M., Hoy, A. J., Aung, O., et al. (2023) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113536 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationThe nutritional geometry of liver disease including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Simpson, S. J., Raubenheimer, D., Cogger, V. C., Macia, L., Solon‐Biet, S. M., Couteur, D. G. L., & George, J. (2017) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.10.005 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationHua, L., Feng, B., Huang, L., Li, J., Luo, T. F., Jiang, X., Han, X., Che, L., Xu, S., Lin, Y., et al. (2020) · Clinical and Translational Medicine · doi:10.1002/ctm2.195 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Dietary protein and amino acid restriction: Roles in metabolic health and aging-related diseases
Wang, D., Ye, J., Shi, R., Zhao, B., Liu, Z., Lin, W. J., & Liu, X. (2021) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.12.009 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Does diet influence aging? Evidence from animal studies
Couteur, D. G. L., Raubenheimer, D., Solon‐Biet, S. M., de Cabo, R., & Simpson, S. J. (2022) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.13530 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationThe influence of skeletal muscle on appetite regulation
Grannell, A., VITO, G. D., Murphy, J. C., & le Roux, C. W. (2019) · Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1080/17446651.2019.1618185 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Chaumontet, C., Azzout-Marniche, D., Blais, A., Piedcoq, J., Tomé, D., Gaudichon, C., & Even, P. C. (2019) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00316.2018 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Wali, J. A., Raubenheimer, D., Senior, A. M., Couteur, D. G. L., & Simpson, S. J. (2020) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/cvaa136 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Relationship Between Dietary Macronutrients and Hepatic Telomere Length in Aging Mice
Gokarn, R., Solon‐Biet, S. M., Youngson, N. A., Wahl, D., Cogger, V. C., McMahon, A. C., Cooney, G. J., Ballard, J. W. O., Raubenheimer, D., Morris, M. J., et al. (2017) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glx186 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationHua, L., Zhuo, Y., Jiang, D., Li, J., Huang, X., Yingguo, Z., Li, Z., Yan, L., Jin, C., Jiang, X., et al. (2018) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.201800240r · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Chu, C., Li, T., Yu, L., Li, Y. H., Li, M., Guo, M., Zhao, J., Zhai, Q., Tian, F., & Chen, W. (2023) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07606 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Li, S., Zou, T., Chen, J., Li, J., & You, J. (2023) · Genes & Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2023.06.033 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Novel targets for delaying aging: The importance of the liver and advances in drug delivery
Hunt, N. J., McCourt, P., Couteur, D. G. L., & Cogger, V. C. (2018) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2018.09.006 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationProtein Appetite at the Interface between Nutrient Sensing and Physiological Homeostasis
Khan, M. S. H., Spann, R. A., Münzberg, H., Yu, S., Albaugh, V. L., He, Y., Berthoud, H., & Morrison, C. D. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13114103 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationEn, M., Kazantseva, A. Y., Dubinina, A., Jakovleva, T., Balybina, N., Baranov, K. O., & Бажан, Н. М. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms221910561 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Nicolaisen, T. S., Lyster, A. E., Sjøberg, K. A., Haas, D. T., Voldstedlund, C. T., Lundsgaard, A., Jensen, J. K., Madsen, E. M., Nielsen, C. K., Bloch‐Ibenfeldt, M., et al. (2025) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-025-01236-7 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Therapeutic potential of systemic brain rejuvenation strategies for neurodegenerative disease
Horowitz, A. M., & Villeda, S. (2017) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.11437.1 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Interorgan communication through peripherally derived peptide hormones inDrosophila
Okamoto, N., & Watanabe, A. (2022) · Fly · doi:10.1080/19336934.2022.2061834 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
FGF21 controls hepatic lipid metabolism via sex-dependent interorgan crosstalk
CHAFFIN, A. T. B., Larson, K. R., Huang, K.-P., Wu, C.-T., Nadejda, G., Fang, Y., Jayakrishnan, D., Sauza, K. A. S., Sims, L. C., Mohajerani, N., et al. (2022) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.155848 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
A nutrigeroscience approach: Dietary macronutrients and cellular senescence
Calubag, M. F., Robbins, P. D., & Lamming, D. W. (2024) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2024.07.025 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery Has Unique Effects on Postprandial FGF21 but Not FGF19 Secretion
Harris, L.-A. L. S., Smith, G. I., Mittendorfer, B., Eagon, J. C., Okunade, A. L., Patterson, B. W., & Klein, S. (2017) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2017-01295 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Ma, C., Mirth, C. K., Hall, M. D., & Piper, M. D. W. (2020) · Journal of Insect Physiology · doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2020.104050 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Hua, L., Li, J., Feng, B., Jiang, D., Jiang, X., Luo, T., Che, L., Xu, S., Lin, Y., Fang, Z., et al. (2020) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqaa244 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Khan, M. S. H., Kim, S. Q., Ross, R. C., Corpodean, F., Spann, R. A., Albarado, D. A., Fernandez‐Kim, S. O., Clarke, B. A., Berthoud, H., Münzberg, H., et al. (2024) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2024.102068 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationKLB dysregulation mediates disrupted muscle development in intrauterine growth restriction
Cortes‐Araya, Y., Stenhouse, C., Salavati, M., Dan‐Jumbo, S. O., Ho, W., Ashworth, C. J., Clark, E., Esteves, C. L., & Donadeu, F. X. (2022) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp281647 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Facilitates the Homeostatic Control of Feeding Behavior
Wu, C.-T., CHAFFIN, A. T. B., & Ryan, K. K. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11030580 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Larson, K. R., Jayakrishnan, D., Sauza, K. A. S., Goodson, M. L., CHAFFIN, A. T. B., Davidyan, A., Pathak, S. J., Fang, Y., Magaña, D. G., Miller, B. F., et al. (2024) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqae004 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Nutritional Regulation of Hepatic FGF21 by Dietary Restriction of Methionine
Fang, H., Stone, K. P., Forney, L. A., Wanders, D., & Gettys, T. W. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.773975 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Endocrine Fibroblast Growth Factors in Relation to Stress Signaling
Shimizu, M., & Sato, R. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11030505 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Long-term Dietary Macronutrients and Hepatic Gene Expression in Aging Mice
Gokarn, R., Solon‐Biet, S. M., Cogger, V. C., Cooney, G. J., Wahl, D., McMahon, A. C., Mitchell, J. R., Mitchell, S. J., Hine, C., de Cabo, R., et al. (2018) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/gly065 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationGeißler, C., Krause, C., Neumann, A., Britsemmer, J. H., Taege, N., Grohs, M., Kaehler, M., Cascorbi, I., Lewis, A. G., Seeley, R. J., et al. (2021) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108907 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Fibroblast growth factor 21: A “rheostat” for metabolic regulation?
She, Q.-Y., Bao, J., Wang, H.-Z., Liang, H., Huang, W., Wu, J., Zhong, Y.-W., Ling, H., Li, A., & Qin, S.-L. (2022) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155166 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Weight gain during the menopause transition: Evidence for a mechanism dependent on protein leverage
Simpson, S. J., Raubenheimer, D., Black, K. I., & Conigrave, A. D. (2022) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.17290 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Solon-Biet, S. M., Cogger, V. C., Pulpitel, T., Heblinski, M., Wahl, D., McMahon, A. C., Warren, A., Durrant-Whyte, J., Walters, K. A., Krycer, J. R., Ponton, F., Gokarn, R., Wali, J. A., Ruohonen, K., Conigrave, A. D., James, D. E., Raubenheimer, D., Morrison, C. D., Le Couteur, D. G., & Simpson, S. J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Simpson, Stephen J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-10
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 555-565
- ISSN
- 1550-4131 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2526341840
- Cited by
- 212
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 12.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia (571328, 571408)
- Ageing and Alzheimers Institute (AAAI) of Concord Hospital
- Australian Research Council (160101119)
- National Medical Health and Research Council of Australia (1110098)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- FGF21, protein restriction, geometric framework, dietary protein, carbohydrate intake, fasting, overfeeding, hyperphagia, starvation, ketogenic diet, high-carbohydrate diet
- MeSH terms
- Uncoupling Protein 1, Animals, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Appetite, Dietary Proteins, Energy Metabolism, Female, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Gene Expression Regulation, Glucose, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Models, Biological, Phenotype, Activating Transcription Factors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
