The impact of perceived self-efficacy on mental time travel and social problem solving
Abstract
Current models of autobiographical memory suggest that self-identity guides autobiographical memory retrieval. Further, the capacity to recall the past and imagine one's self in the future (mental time travel) can influence social problem solving. We examined whether manipulating self-identity, through an induction task in which students were led to believe they possessed high or low self-efficacy, impacted episodic specificity and content of retrieved and imagined events, as well as social problem solving. Compared to individuals in the low self efficacy group, individuals in the high self efficacy group generated past and future events with greater (a) specificity, (b) positive words, and (c) self-efficacious statements, and also performed better on social problem solving indices. A lack of episodic detail for future events predicted poorer performance on social problem solving tasks. Strategies that increase perceived self-efficacy may help individuals to selectively construct a past and future that aids in negotiating social problems.
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Patients with difficulty remembering past events also have difficulty anticipating their future in detail.
“Patients with difficulty in remembering past events also have difficulty imagining new experiences (Hassabis, Kumaran, Vann, & Maguire, 2007;Klein, Loftus, & Kihlstrom, 2002) or anticipating their future in detail (Addis, Sacchetti, Ally, Budson, & Schacter, 2009;Brown, Dorfman, Marmar, & Bryant, 2012).”
From To Nostalgize (2015) · cites this paper as Brown et al., 2012
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- Authors
- Brown, A. D., Dorfman, M. L., Marmar, C. R., & Bryant, R. A.
- Affiliations
- New York University (US)
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Brown, Adam D.
- Venue
- Consciousness and Cognition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-03
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 299-306
- ISSN
- 1053-8100 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2020091183
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 7.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Consciousness and Cognition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fulbright Association
- University of New South Wales
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH056350)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- self-efficacy, mental time travel, social problem solving, autobiographical memory, self-identity, episodic specificity, future events
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Humans, Imagination, Interpersonal Relations, Male, New South Wales, Problem Solving, Self Efficacy, Memory, Episodic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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