Structural and functional insights into naturally occurring apolipoprotein E variants with protective effects against Alzheimer's disease

Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer disease: pathobiology and targeting strategies

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Apolipoprotein E: from cardiovascular disease to neurodegenerative disorders

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Three-Dimensional Structure of the LDL Receptor-Binding Domain of Human Apolipoprotein E

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Resistance to autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease in an APOE3 Christchurch homozygote: a case report

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Apolipoprotein E structure: insights into function

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Apolipoprotein E: structure determines function, from atherosclerosis to Alzheimer's disease to AIDS

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Proposed nomenclature of apoE isoproteins, apoE genotypes, and phenotypes

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Interaction of an apolipoprotein (apoLP-alanine) with phosphatidylcholine

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Differences in stability among the human apolipoprotein E isoforms determined by the amino-terminal domain

Morrow, J. A., Segall, M. L., Lund-Katz, S., Phillips, M. C., Knapp, M., Rupp, B., & Weisgraber, K. H. (2000) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi000099m · Cited by 315 · see citing works

APOE2: protective mechanism and therapeutic implications for Alzheimer’s disease

Li, Z., Shue, F., Zhao, N., Shinohara, M., & Bu, G. (2020) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-020-00413-4 · Cited by 306 · see citing works

Apolipoprotein E: Structural Insights and Links to Alzheimer Disease Pathogenesis

Chen, Y., Strickland, M. R., Soranno, A., & Holtzman, D. M. (2021) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.10.008 · Cited by 298 · see citing works

Human apolipoprotein E3 in aqueous solution. I. Evidence for two structural domains.

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Topology of human apolipoprotein E3 uniquely regulates its diverse biological functions

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Human apolipoprotein E3 in aqueous solution. II. Properties of the amino- and carboxyl-terminal domains.

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Apolipoprotein E4 Forms a Molten Globule

Morrow, J. A., Hatters, D. M., Lu, B., Höchtl, P., Oberg, K. A., Rupp, B., & Weisgraber, K. H. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m204898200 · Cited by 204 · see citing works

Crystal Structure of C-terminal Truncated Apolipoprotein A-I Reveals the Assembly of High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) by Dimerization

Mei, X., & Atkinson, D. (2011) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m111.260422 · Cited by 199 · see citing works

PSEN1ΔE9, APPswe, and APOE4 Confer Disparate Phenotypes in Human iPSC-Derived Microglia

Konttinen, H., Cabral-da-Silva, M. E. C., Ohtonen, S., Wojciechowski, S., Shakirzyanova, A., Caligola, S., Giugno, R., Ishchenko, Y., Hernández, D., Fazaludeen, M. F., et al. (2019) · Stem Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.08.004 · Cited by 191 · see citing works

Targeting of nonlipidated, aggregated apoE with antibodies inhibits amyloid accumulation

Liao, F., Li, A., Xiong, M., Bien-Ly, N., Jiang, H., Zhang, Y., Finn, M. B., Hoyle, R., Keyser, J., Lefton, K. B., et al. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci96429 · Cited by 178 · see citing works

Expression and secretion of <scp>apoE</scp> isoforms in astrocytes and microglia during inflammation

Lanfranco, M. F., Sepulveda, J., Kopetsky, G., & Rebeck, G. W. (2021) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23974 · Cited by 164 · see citing works

APOE in the normal brain

Flowers, S. A., & Rebeck, G. W. (2020) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104724 · Cited by 149 · see citing works

ATP-binding cassette transporter A1: From metabolism to neurodegeneration

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Neuronal apolipoprotein E4 increases cell death and phosphorylated tau release in alzheimer disease

Wadhwani, A. R., Affaneh, A., Van Gulden, S., & Kessler, J. A. (2019) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.25455 · Cited by 142 · see citing works

A mechanism for lipid binding to apoE and the role of intrinsically disordered regions coupled to domain-domain interactions

Frieden, C., Wang, H., & Ho, C. M. W. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1705080114 · Cited by 134 · see citing works

The Central Helices of ApoA-I Can Promote ATP-binding Cassette Transporter A1 (ABCA1)-mediated Lipid Efflux

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Self-association of human apolipoprotein E3 and E4 in the presence and absence of phospholipid

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<i>APOE3</i> -Jacksonville (V236E) variant reduces self-aggregation and risk of dementia

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Functional Characterization of Apolipoprotein E Isoforms Overexpressed in Escherichia coli

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Association of Rare <i>APOE</i> Missense Variants V236E and R251G With Risk of Alzheimer Disease

Le Guen, Y., Belloy, M. E., Grenier-Boley, B., de Rojas, I., Castillo-Morales, A., Jansen, I., Nicolas, A., Bellenguez, C., Dalmasso, C., Küçükali, F., et al. (2022) · JAMA Neurology · doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.1166 · Cited by 93 · see citing works

Neuronal Apoptosis by Apolipoprotein E4 through Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein and Heterotrimeric GTPases

Hashimoto, Y., Jiang, H., Niikura, T., Ito, Y., Hagiwara, A., Umezawa, K., Abe, Y., Murayama, Y., & Nishimoto, I. (2000) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-22-08401.2000 · Cited by 86 · see citing works

Comparison of the stabilities and unfolding pathways of human apolipoprotein E isoforms by differential scanning calorimetry and circular dichroism.

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ApoE variant p.V236E is associated with markedly reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease

Medway, C. W., Abdul-Hay, S., Mims, T., Ma, L., Bisceglio, G., Zou, F., Pankratz, S., Sando, S. B., Aasly, J. O., Barcikowska, M., et al. (2014) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/1750-1326-9-11 · Cited by 82 · see citing works

Structural Variation in Human Apolipoprotein E3 and E4: Secondary Structure, Tertiary Structure, and Size Distribution

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<i>APOE3</i> Christchurch Heterozygosity and Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer’s Disease

Quiroz, Y. T., Aguillon, D., Aguirre-Acevedo, D. C., Vasquez, D., Zuluaga, Y., Baena, A. Y., Madrigal, L., Hincapié, L., Sanchez, J. S., Langella, S., et al. (2024) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2308583 · Cited by 63 · see citing works

Apolipoprotein Mimetic Peptides: Potential New Therapies for Cardiovascular Diseases

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Helical structure, stability, and dynamics in human apolipoprotein E3 and E4 by hydrogen exchange and mass spectrometry

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Apolipoprotein E•dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine particles are ellipsoidal in solution

Peters-Libeu, C. A., Newhouse, Y. M., Hall, S. C., Witkowska, H. E., & Weisgraber, K. H. (2007) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.m600545-jlr200 · Cited by 54 · see citing works

Biochemical analysis of cell-derived apoE3 particles active in stimulating neurite outgrowth

Demattos, R. B., Rudel, L. L., & Williams, D. L. (2001) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)31622-9 · Cited by 48 · see citing works

Apolipoprotein E4 has extensive conformational heterogeneity in lipid-free and lipid-bound forms

Stuchell-Brereton, M. D., Zimmerman, M. I., Miller, J. J., Mallimadugula, U. L., Incicco, J. J., Roy, D., Smith, L. G., Cubuk, J., Baban, B., DeKoster, G. T., et al. (2023) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2215371120 · Cited by 48 · see citing works

The ability of apolipoprotein E fragments to promote intraneuronal accumulation of amyloid beta peptide 42 is both isoform and size-specific

Dafnis, I., Argyri, L., Sagnou, M., Tzinia, A., Tsilibary, E. C., Stratikos, E., & Chroni, A. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep30654 · Cited by 38 · see citing works

Thermodynamic and structural destabilization of apoE3 by hereditary mutations associated with the development of lipoprotein glomerulopathy

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Cerebrospinal fluid apolipoprotein E concentration decreases after traumatic brain injury

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The structure of human apolipoprotein E2, E3 and E4 in solution. 2. Multidomain organization correlates with the stability of apoE structure

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Molecular Basis for Increased Risk for Late-onset Alzheimer Disease Due to the Naturally Occurring L28P Mutation in Apolipoprotein E4

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Apolipoprotein E secreted by astrocytes forms antiparallel dimers in discoidal lipoproteins

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Mechanistic insight into the capacity of natural polar phenolic compounds to abolish Alzheimer's disease-associated pathogenic effects of apoE4 forms

Mountaki, C., Dafnis, I., Panagopoulou, E. A., Vasilakopoulou, P. B., Karvelas, M., Chiou, A., Karathanos, V. Τ., & Chroni, A. (2021) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.022 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Biophysical Analysis of Apolipoprotein E3 Variants Linked with Development of Type III Hyperlipoproteinemia

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Cerebrospinal fluid apolipoprotein E concentration decreases after seizure

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Thermodynamic destabilization and aggregation propensity as the mechanism behind the association of apoE3 mutants and lipoprotein glomerulopathy

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Protective genetic variants against Alzheimer's disease

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Structure–function analysis of naturally occurring apolipoprotein A-I L144R, A164S and L178P mutants provides insight on their role on HDL levels and cardiovascular risk

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Biophysical Properties of Apolipoprotein E4 Variants: Implications in Molecular Mechanisms of Correction of Hypertriglyceridemia

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A simple approach for human recombinant apolipoprotein E4 expression and purification

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Impact of Apolipoprotein E Variants: A Review of Naturally Occurring Variants and Clinical Features

Matsunaga, A., & Saito, T. (2025) · Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis · doi:10.5551/jat.65393 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Apolipoprotein E4 exhibits intermediates with domain interaction

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Reexamining the Causes and Effects of Cholesterol Deposition in the Brains of Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

Hu, Z., Yuan, Y.-Q., Tong, Z., Liao, M., Yuan, S., Jian, Y., Yang, J.-L., & Liu, W. (2023) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-023-03529-y · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Structural and functional basis for increased HDL-cholesterol levels due to the naturally occurring V19L mutation in human apolipoprotein A-I

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Quantitative Assessment of Conformational Heterogeneity in Apolipoprotein E4 Using Hydrogen–Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry

Dolai, S., Pal, S., Deepa, S. M., & Garai, K. (2024) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c04738 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Resilience conferred by APOE-R136S: a defense bestowed by nature to combat Alzheimer’s disease

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Investigation of Domain Interaction in the Apolipoprotein E Isoforms by HDX-MS

Pal, S., Dolai, S., Deepa, S., & Garai, K. (2025) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2025.169036 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

LIPOPROTEIN-ASSOCIATED RARE APOE VARIANTS ELICIT BENEFICIAL CELLULAR EFFECTS RELEVANT TO ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE PROTECTION

Georgiadou, D. N., & Chroni, A. (2026) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2026.121153

Molecular and structural insight into the differences among common and rare Alzheimer's disease-associated apoE variants

Greer, R. A., Tuckey, R. A., Dean, H. B., Roberson, E. D., & Song, Y. (2023) · Biophysical Journal · doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.1857

Structural variation manipulates the differential oxidative susceptibility and conformational stability of apolipoprotein E isoforms

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The structure of Apolipoprotein E isoforms and their role in Alzheimer's disease

Williams, B. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/zwrw-h146

Biophysical Analysis of Apolipoprotein E3 Variants Linked with Development of Type III

Γεωργιάδου, Δ., Chroni, A., Vezeridis, E., Zannis, V. I., & Stratikos, E. (2013)