Cited by 661Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic ControlNon-Invasive Vital Sign MonitoringCardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 112 of the 114 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

How accurate is pulse rate variability as an estimate of heart rate variability?

Schäfer, Axel, Vagedes, Jan·2013·International Journal of Cardiology

DOI 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.03.119

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background The usefulness of heart rate variability (HRV) as a clinical research and diagnostic tool has been verified in numerous studies. The gold standard technique comprises analyzing time series of RR intervals from an electrocardiographic signal. However, some authors have used pulse cycle intervals instead of RR intervals, as they can be determined from a pulse wave (e.g. a photoplethysmographic) signal. This option is often called pulse rate variability (PRV), and utilizing it could expand the serviceability of pulse oximeters or simplify ambulatory monitoring of HRV.Methods We review studies investigating the accuracy of PRV as an estimate of HRV, regardless of the underlying technology (photoplethysmography, continuous blood pressure monitoring or Finapresi, impedance plethysmography).Results/conclusions Results speak in favor of sufficient accuracy when subjects are at rest, although many studies suggest that short-term variability is somewhat overestimated by PRV, which reflects coupling effects between respiration and the cardiovascular system. Physical activity and some mental stressors seem to impair the agreement of PRV and HRV, often to an inacceptable extent. Findings regarding the position of the sensor or the detection algorithm are not conclusive. Generally, quantitative conclusions are impeded by the fact that results of different studies are mostly incommensurable due to diverse experimental settings and/or methods of analysis.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.03.119

Cites

112 of 112 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

STATISTICAL METHODS FOR ASSESSING AGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO METHODS OF CLINICAL MEASUREMENT
Martin Bland, J., & Altman, D. (1986) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(86)90837-8 · Cited by 47,965
Heart Rate Variability: Standards of Measurement, Physiological Interpretation, and Clinical Use
Electrophysiology, T. F. O. T. E. S. O. C. T. N. A. (1996) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.93.5.1043 · Cited by 17,159
Heart rate variability: Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use
Malik, M., Bigger, J. T., Camm, A. J., Kleiger, R. E., Malliani, A., Moss, A. J., & Schwartz, P. J. (1996) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a014868 · Cited by 15,289
A concordance correlation coefficient to evaluate reproducibility.
Lin, L. I.-K. (1989) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2532051 · Cited by 8,785
Power Spectrum Analysis of Heart Rate Fluctuation: A Quantitative Probe of Beat-to-Beat Cardiovascular Control
Akselrod, S., Gordon, D., Ubel, F. A., Shannon, D. C., Berger, A. C., & Cohen, R. J. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6166045 · Cited by 5,079
Decreased heart rate variability and its association with increased mortality after acute myocardial infarction
Kleiger, R. E., Miller, J. P., Bigger, J. T., & Moss, A. J. (1987) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0002-9149(87)90795-8 · Cited by 3,995
Photoplethysmography and its application in clinical physiological measurement
Allen, J. (2007) · Physiological Measurement · doi:10.1088/0967-3334/28/3/r01 · Cited by 3,967
Assessment of autonomic function in humans by heart rate spectral analysis
Pomeranz, B., Macaulay, R. J., Caudill, M. A., Kutz, I., Adam, D., Gordon, D., Kilborn, K. M., Barger, A. C., Shannon, D. C., Cohen, R. J., et al. (1985) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1985.248.1.h151 · Cited by 2,876
Comparing methods of measurement: why plotting difference against standard method is misleading
Bland, J. M., & Altman, D. G. (1995) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)91748-9 · Cited by 2,343
Impact of Reduced Heart Rate Variability on Risk for Cardiac Events: The Framingham Heart Study
Tsuji, H., Larson, M. G., Venditti, F. J., Manders, E. S., Evans, J. C., Feldman, C. L., & Levy, D. (1996) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.94.11.2850 · Cited by 1,762
Fifteen years experience with finger arterial pressure monitoring: assessment of the technology
Imholz, B. P. M. (1998) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(98)00067-4 · Cited by 841
Transfer function analysis of the circulation: unique insights into cardiovascular regulation
Saul, J. P., Berger, R. D., Albrecht, P., Stein, S. P., Chen, M. H., & Cohen, R. J. (1991) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1991.261.4.h1231 · Cited by 728
Electrical Impedance Plethysmography
Nyboer, J., Mm, K., & Hannapel, L. (1950) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.2.6.811 · Cited by 493
Photoplethysmography pulse rate variability as a surrogate measurement of heart rate variability during non-stationary conditions.
Gil, E., Orini, M., Bailón, R., Vergara, J. M., Mainardi, L., & Laguna, P. (2010) · Physiological Measurement · doi:10.1088/0967-3334/31/9/015 · Cited by 461
Photoplethysmography: Beyond the Calculation of Arterial Oxygen Saturation and Heart Rate
Shelley, K. H. (2007) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000269512.82836.c9 · Cited by 450
Motion Artifact Reduction in Photoplethysmography Using Independent Component Analysis
Kim, B., & Yoo, S. K. (2006) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2005.869784 · Cited by 400
Photoplethysmographic assessment of pulse wave reflection
Chowienczyk, P., Kelly, R. P., MacCallum, H., Millasseau, S., Andersson, T. L. G., Gosling, R. G., Ritter, J. M., & Änggård, E. (1999) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(99)00441-6 · Cited by 363
A comparison of photoplethysmography and ECG recording to analyse heart rate variability in healthy subjects
Lü, G., Yang, F., Taylor, J. A., & Stein, J. F. (2009) · Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology · doi:10.3109/03091900903150998 · Cited by 352
Assessment of heart rate variability derived from finger-tip photoplethysmography as compared to electrocardiography
Selvaraj, N., Jaryal, A. K., Santhosh, J., Deepak, K. K., & Anand, S. (2008) · Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology · doi:10.1080/03091900701781317 · Cited by 342
An open-source algorithm to detect onset of arterial blood pressure pulses
Zong, W., Heldt, T., Moody, G. B., & Mark, R. G. (2003) · Computers in cardiology · doi:10.1109/cic.2003.1291140 · Cited by 326
Determination of pulse wave velocities with computerized algorithms
Chiu, Y. C., Arand, P. W., Shroff, S. G., Feldman, T. E., & Carroll, J. D. (1991) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(91)90153-9 · Cited by 313
Are affective disorders associated with alterations of heart rate variability?
Rechlin, T., Weis, M., Spitzer, A., & Kaschka, W. P. (1994) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(94)90091-4 · Cited by 284
Contactless Multiple Wavelength Photoplethysmographic Imaging: A First Step Toward “SpO2 Camera” Technology
Wieringa, F. P., Mastik, F., & van der Steen, A. F. W. (2005) · Annals of Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1007/s10439-005-5763-2 · Cited by 284
Can Photoplethysmography Variability Serve as an Alternative Approach to Obtain Heart Rate Variability Information?
Lu, S. F., Zhao, H., Ju, K., Shin, K., Lee, M., Shelley, K. H., & Chon, K. H. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1007/s10877-007-9103-y · Cited by 284
Sampling frequency of the electrocardiogram for spectral analysis of the heart rate variability
Merri, M., Farden, D. C., Mottley, J. G., & Titlebaum, E. L. (1990) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/10.43621 · Cited by 254
Monitoring of heart and respiratory rates by photoplethysmography using a digital filtering technique
Nakajima, K., TAMURA, T., & Miike, H. (1996) · Medical Engineering & Physics · doi:10.1016/1350-4533(95)00066-6 · Cited by 244
Screening of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome by Heart Rate Variability Analysis
Roche, F., Gaspoz, J., Court‐Fortune, I., Minini, P., Pichot, V., Duverney, D., Costes, F., Lacour, J.-R., & Barthélemy, J. (1999) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.100.13.1411 · Cited by 237
The variability of the photoplethysmographic signal - a potential method for the evaluation of the autonomic nervous system
Nitzan, M., Babchenko, A., Khanokh, B., & Landau, D. (1998) · Physiological Measurement · doi:10.1088/0967-3334/19/1/008 · Cited by 217
An Automatic Beat Detection Algorithm for Pressure Signals
Aboy, M., McNames, J., Thong, T., Tsunami, D., Ellenby, M. S., & Goldstein, B. (2005) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2005.855725 · Cited by 216
Psychosocial Factors and Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Women
Horsten, M., Erigson, M., Perski, A., Wamala, S. P., Schenck-Gustafsson, K. G., & Orth‐Gomér, K. (1999) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-199901000-00009 · Cited by 206
Effect of exercise training on heart rate variability in healthy older adults
Stein, P. K., Ehsani, A. A., Domitrovich, P. P., Kleiger, R. E., & Rottman, J. N. (1999) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(99)70162-6 · Cited by 184
Accuracy of Pulse Oximetry Measurement of Heart Rate of Newborn Infants in the Delivery Room
Kamlin, C. O. F., Dawson, J. A., O’Donnell, C. P., Morley, C. J., Donath, S. M., Sekhon, J., & Davis, P. G. (2008) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.01.002 · Cited by 179
Comparison of Heart Rate Variability Signal Features Derived from Electrocardiography and Photoplethysmography in Healthy Individuals
Bolaños, M. J., Nazeran, H., & Haltiwanger, E. P. (2006) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/iembs.2006.260607 · Cited by 176
The effect of contacting force on photoplethysmographic signals
Teng, X. F., & Zhang, Y. T. (2004) · Physiological Measurement · doi:10.1088/0967-3334/25/5/020 · Cited by 171
Attenuated 24-h heart rate variability in apparently healthy subjects, subsequently suffering sudden cardiac death
Mølgaard, H., Sørensen, K. E., & Bjerregaard, P. (1991) · Clinical Autonomic Research · doi:10.1007/bf01824992 · Cited by 162
Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
(1992) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/iembs.1992.589383 · Cited by 162
Pulse rate variability is not a surrogate for heart rate variability
Constant, I., Laude, D., Murat, I., & Elghozi, J. (1999) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs0970391 · Cited by 161
Monitoring of respiratory and heart rates using a fibre-optic sensor
Lindberg, L., Ugnell, H., & Öberg, P. Å. (1992) · Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing · doi:10.1007/bf02457833 · Cited by 158
Autonomic Control of Skin Microvessels: Assessment by Power Spectrum of Photoplethysmographic Waves
Bernardi, L., Radaelli, A., Soldà, P. L., Coats, A. J. S., REEDER, M. K., Calciati, A., Garrard, C. S., & Sleight, P. (1996) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs0900345 · Cited by 146
4th Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering 2008
Magjarevic, R., Wan Abas, W. A. B., Ting, H.-N., Nagel, J. H., Ibrahim, F., Abu Osman, N. A., Abdul Rahman, H. S., & 2008, B. (2008) · World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-69139-6 · Cited by 146
Comparison of finger plethysmograph to ECG in the measurement of heart rate variability
Giardino, N. D., Lehrer, P. M., & Edelberg, R. (2002) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/1469-8986.3920246 · Cited by 136
Agreement of two different methods for measurement of heart rate variability
Radespiel‐Tröger, M., Rauh, R. D., Mahlke, C., Gottschalk, T., & M�ck-Weymann, M. (2003) · Clinical Autonomic Research · doi:10.1007/s10286-003-0085-7 · Cited by 132
Synchronous and baroceptor-sensitive oscillations in skin microcirculation: evidence for central autonomic control
Bernardi, L., Hayoz, D., Wenzel, R. R., Passino, C., Calciati, A., Weber, R., & Noll, G. (1997) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1997.273.4.h1867 · Cited by 131
Comparison of Time‐Domain Short‐Term Heart Interval Variability Analysis Using a Wrist‐Worn Heart Rate Monitor and the Conventional Electrocardiogram
Porto, L. G. G., & Junqueira, L. F. (2008) · Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1540-8159.2009.02175.x · Cited by 130
2008 International Conference on BioMedical Engineering and Informatics
(2008) · doi:10.1109/bmei13886.2008 · Cited by 128
Wavelet-Based Cascaded Adaptive Filter for Removing Baseline Drift in Pulse Waveforms
Xu, L., Zhang, D. D., & Wang, K. (2005) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2005.856296 · Cited by 124
Value of beat-to-beat blood pressure changes, detected by pulse transit time, in the management of the obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome
Pitson, D., & Stradling (1998) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/09031936.98.12030685 · Cited by 123
Estimation of Breathing Rate from Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia: Comparison of Various Methods
Schäfer, A., & Kratky, K. W. (2008) · Annals of Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1007/s10439-007-9428-1 · Cited by 122
Self-citation
A new method for pulse oximetry possessing inherent insensitivity to artifact
Hayes, M. J., & Smith, P. R. (2001) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/10.915711 · Cited by 122
Pulse Transit Time by R-Wave-Gated Infrared Photoplethysmography: Review of the Literature and Personal Experience
Naschitz, J. E., Bezobchuk, S., Priselac, R. M., Sundick, S., Dreyfuss, D., Khorshidi, I., Karidis, A., Manor, H., Nagar, M., Peck, E. R., et al. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1007/s10877-005-4300-z · Cited by 114
Independent and incremental prognostic value of heart rate variability in patients with chronic heart failure
Bonaduce, D., Petretta, M., Marcianò, F., Vicario, M. L. E., Apicella, C., Rao, M. A. E., Nicolai, E., & Volpe, M. (1999) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/s0002-8703(99)70112-2 · Cited by 110
Effects of aging on blood pressure variability in resting conditions.
Veerman, D. P., Imholz, B. P. M., Wieling, W., Karemaker, J. M., & van Montfrans, G. A. (1994) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.24.1.120 · Cited by 107
Photoplethysmography and nociception
Korhonen, I., & Yli‐Hankala, A. (2009) · Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1399-6576.2009.02026.x · Cited by 105
A Method for Automatic Identification of Reliable Heart Rates Calculated from ECG and PPG Waveforms
Yu, C., Liu, Z., McKenna, T., Reisner, A. T., & Jaques Reifman, A. (2006) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1197/jamia.m1925 · Cited by 100
Comparison of pulse rate variability with heart rate variability during obstructive sleep apnea
Khandoker, A. H., Karmakar, C. K., & Palaniswami, M. S. (2010) · Medical Engineering & Physics · doi:10.1016/j.medengphy.2010.09.020 · Cited by 100
Standard pulse oximeters can be used to monitor respiratory rate
Leonard, P. A. (2003) · Emergency Medicine Journal · doi:10.1136/emj.20.6.524 · Cited by 97
Monitoring of Heart and Respiratory Rates in Newborn Infants Using a New Photoplethysmographic Technique
Johansson, A., Öberg, P. Å., & Sedin, G. (1999) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1023/a:1009912831366 · Cited by 91
The effect of venous pulsation on the forehead pulse oximeter wave form as a possible source of error in Spo2 calculation
Shelley, K. H., Tamai, D., Jablonka, D., Gesquiere, M., Stout, R. G., & Silverman, D. G. (2005) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000145063.01043.4b · Cited by 91
Interchangeability between heart rate and photoplethysmography variabilities during sympathetic stimulations
Charlot, K., Cornolo, J., Brugniaux, J. V., Richalet, J., & Pichon, A. (2009) · Physiological Measurement · doi:10.1088/0967-3334/30/12/005 · Cited by 91
Accuracy of ultra-short heart rate variability measures
Thong, T., Li, K., McNames, J., Aboy, M., & Goldstein, B. (2004) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/iembs.2003.1280405 · Cited by 90
Combined photoplethysmographic monitoring of respiration rate and pulse: A comparison between different measurement sites in spontaneously breathing subjects
Nilsson, L., Goscinski, T., Kalman, S., Lindberg, L. ‐., & Johansson, A. (2007) · Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1399-6576.2007.01375.x · Cited by 88
Engineering in medicine and biology society
(2005) · International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering · doi:10.1109/cne.2005.1419532 · Cited by 88
Feasibility of Imaging Photoplethysmography
Zheng, J., Hu, S., Chouliaras, V. A., & Summers, R. (2008) · International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics (BMEI) · doi:10.1109/bmei.2008.365 · Cited by 84
Pulse transit time as an indirect marker for variations in cardiovascular related reactivity
Foo, J. Y. A., & Lim, C. S. (2006) · Technology and Health Care · doi:10.3233/thc-2006-14205 · Cited by 83
Can cardiac vagal tone be estimated from the 10-second ECG?
Hamilton, R., McKechnie, P. S., & Macfarlane, P. W. (2004) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2003.07.005 · Cited by 80
Assessment of pulse rate variability by the method of pulse frequency demodulation
Hayano, J., Barros, A. K., Kamiya, A., Ohte, N., & Yasuma, F. (2005) · BioMedical Engineering OnLine · doi:10.1186/1475-925x-4-62 · Cited by 80
The Effect of Amitriptyline, Doxepin, Fluvoxamine, and Paroxetine Treatment on Heart Rate Variability
Rechlin, T. (1994) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/00004714-199412000-00004 · Cited by 78
Engineering in medicine and biology society
(2008) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/iembs.2008.4649068 · Cited by 75
Negative intrathoracic pressure decreases independently left ventricular filling and emptying
Peters, J., Fraser, C. D., Stuart, R. S., Baumgartner, W. A., & Robotham, J. L. (1989) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1989.257.1.h120 · Cited by 72
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: effect of respiratory events and arousal on pulse wave amplitude measured by photoplethysmography in NREM sleep
Haba‐Rubio, J., Darbellay, G. A., Herrmann, F. R., Frey, J. G., Fernandes, A., Vesin, J. M., Thiran, J., & Tschopp, J. M. (2005) · Sleep And Breathing · doi:10.1007/s11325-005-0017-y · Cited by 71
Continuous Blood Pressure Monitoring using ECG and Finger Photoplethysmogram
Chua, C. P., & Heneghan, C. (2006) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/iembs.2006.259612 · Cited by 65
Deriving heart period variability from blood pressure waveforms
McKinley, P. S., Shapiro, P. A., Bagiella, E., Myers, M. M., Meersman, R. E. D., Grant, I., & Sloan, R. P. (2003) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01110.2002 · Cited by 60
Pulse rate variability is not a surrogate for heart rate variability
Constant, I., Laude, D., Murat, I., et al. (1999) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs19990062 · Cited by 58
Untitled work
(2008) · Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering · Cited by 57
Changes of central haemodynamic parameters during mental stress and acute bouts of static and dynamic exercise
Lydakis, C., Momen, A., Blaha, C., Gugoff, S., Gray, K. S., Herr, M. D., Leuenberger, U. A., & Sinoway, L. I. (2008) · Journal of Human Hypertension · doi:10.1038/jhh.2008.4 · Cited by 56
The effect of applied sensor contact force on pulse transit time
Teng, X. F., & Zhang, Y. T. (2006) · Physiological Measurement · doi:10.1088/0967-3334/27/8/002 · Cited by 53
MATHEMATICAL METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE FOOT POINT OF THE ARTERIAL PULSE WAVE AND EVALUATION OF PROPOSED METHODS
Kazanavičius, E., Girčys, R., Vrubliauskas, A., & Lugin, S. (2005) · Information Technology And Control · doi:10.5755/j01.itc.34.1.11968 · Cited by 51
SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE AND HEART RATE OSCILLATIONS RELATED TO RESPIRATION
Laude, D., Weise, F., Girard, A., & Elghozi, J. (1995) · Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1995.tb02014.x · Cited by 49
The detection of peripheral venous pulsation using the pulse oximeter as a plethysmograph
Shelley, K. H., Dickstein, M., & Shulman, S. M. (1993) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring · doi:10.1007/bf02886699 · Cited by 48
Evaluation of pulse oximetry as a continuous monitoring technique in the neonatal intensive care unit
Barrington, K. J., Finer, N. N., & Ryan, C. A. (1988) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/00003246-198811000-00013 · Cited by 45
Effects of olanzapine and clozapine upon pulse rate variability
Müeck‐Weymann, M., Rechlin, T., Ehrengut, F., Rauh, R., Acker, J. G., Dittmann, R., Czekalla, J., Joraschky, P., & Musselman, D. L. (2002) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.10037 · Cited by 42
Detection of dicrotic notch in arterial pressure signals.
Hoeksel, S. A. A. P., Jansen, J. R. C., Blom, J. A., & Schreuder, J. J. (1997) · The Journal of Clinical Monitoring · doi:10.1023/a:1007414906294 · Cited by 41
Extracting heart rate variability from a wearable reflectance pulse oximeter
Johnston, W. S., & Mendelson, Y. (2005) · Proceedings of the IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference · doi:10.1109/nebc.2005.1431971 · Cited by 41
3rd Kuala Lumpur International Conference on Biomedical Engineering 2006
Ibrahim, F., Usman, J., Osman, N., Kadri, N. A., & 2006, B. (2007) · World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-68017-8 · Cited by 41
Spectral analysis of AC and DC components of the pulse photoplethysmograph at rest and during induction of anaesthesia
Larsen, P., Harty, M., Thiruchelvam, M., & Galletly, D. C. (1997) · International journal of clinical monitoring and computing · doi:10.1007/bf03356582 · Cited by 38
Spectral Analysis of Pulse Transit Time Variability and Its Coherence with Other Cardiovascular Variabilities
Ma, H. T., & Zhang, Y. (2006) · doi:10.1109/iembs.2006.259365 · Cited by 37
A Preliminary Attempt to Understand Compatibility of Photoplethysmographic Pulse Rate Variability with Electrocardiogramic Heart Rate Variability
Shi, P. A., Hu, S., & Zhu, Y. (2008) · Loughborough University Institutional Repository (Loughborough University) · Cited by 36
Heart Rate Variability: Short‐Term Studies are as Useful as Holter to Differentiate Diabetic Patients from Healthy Subjects
Migliaro, E. R., Canetti, R. M., Contreras, P., & Hakas, M. (2003) · Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology · doi:10.1046/j.1542-474x.2003.08409.x · Cited by 35
Comparison of three methods for beat-to-beat-interval extraction from continuous blood pressure and electrocardiogram with respect to heart rate variability analysis / Vergleich von drei Methoden der Schlag-zu-Schlag-Intervall-Extraktion aus kontinuierlichen Blutdruckverläufen und Elektrokardiogrammen zur Herzratenvariabilitätsanalyse
Suhrbier, A., Heringer, R., Walther, T., Malberg, H., & Wessel, N. (2006) · Biomedizinische Technik/Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1515/bmt.2006.013 · Cited by 32
Electrical impedance plethysmography
(1971) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/0002-8703(71)90147-5 · Cited by 31
Photoplethysmography for simultaneous recording of heart and respiratory rates in newborn infants
Olsson, E., Ugnell, H., Öberg, P. Å., & Sedin, G. (2000) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1080/080352500750043774 · Cited by 31
The application of surface plethysmography for heart rate variability analysis after GSM radiofrequency exposure
Atlasz, T., Kellényi, L., Kovács, P., Babai, N. Z., Thuróczy, G., Hejjel, L., & Hernádi, I. (2006) · Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jbbm.2006.03.017 · Cited by 31
Comparison of the heart rate variability parameters obtained from the electrocardiogram and the blood pressure wave
Carrasco, S., Gonzàlez, R., Jimenez, J. E., Román, R., Medina, V., & Azpiroz, J. (1998) · Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology · doi:10.3109/03091909809032542 · Cited by 30
Variations of HRV analysis in different approaches
Chang, F. C., Chang, C.-C., Chiu, C. C., Hsu, S.-Y., & Lin, Y. (2007) · Computers in cardiology · doi:10.1109/cic.2007.4745410 · Cited by 30
Accuracy of pulse oximetry in assessing heart rate of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit
Singh, J. K., Kamlin, C. O. F., Morley, C. J., O’Donnell, C. P., Donath, S. M., & Davis, P. G. (2007) · Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1754.2007.01250.x · Cited by 27
Contactless and continuous monitoring of heart rate based on photoplethysmography on a mattress
Wong, M. Y. M., Pickwell‐MacPherson, E., & Zhang, Y. (2010) · Physiological Measurement · doi:10.1088/0967-3334/31/7/014 · Cited by 26
Algorithm for identifying and separating beats from arterial pulse records
Treo, E. F., Herrera, M. C., & Valentinuzzi, M. E. (2005) · BioMedical Engineering OnLine · doi:10.1186/1475-925x-4-48 · Cited by 26
Design and evaluation of a handheld impedance plethysmograph for measuring heart rate variability
Kristiansen, N. K., Fleischer, J., Jensen, M. S., Andersen, K. S., & Nygaard, H. (2005) · Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing · doi:10.1007/bf02344734 · Cited by 25
In-Ear Heart Rate Monitoring Using a Micro-Optic Reflective Sensor
Vogel, S., Hülsbusch, M., Starke, D., & Leonhardt, S. K. (2007) · Conference proceedings · doi:10.1109/iembs.2007.4352554 · Cited by 25
Comparison of heart rate variability and pulse rate variability detected with photoplethysmography
Rauh, R., Limley, R., Bauer, R. D., Radespiel‐Tröger, M., & Müeck‐Weymann, M. (2004) · Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE · doi:10.1117/12.578377 · Cited by 24
Study on the peak interval variability of photoplethysmogtaphic signals
Teng, X. F., & Zhang, Y. (2004) · IEEE EMBS Asian-Pacific Conference on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/apbme.2003.1302623 · Cited by 22
Pulse onset detection using neighbor pulse-based signal enhancement
Xu, P., Bergsneider, M., & Hu, X. (2008) · Medical Engineering & Physics · doi:10.1016/j.medengphy.2008.06.005 · Cited by 19
Feasibility of Photoplethymographic Signal for Assessment of Autonomic Response using Heart Rate Variability Analysis
Selvaraj, N., Santhosh, J., & Anand, S. (2007) · World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-68017-8_99 · Cited by 16
Estimation of heart rate variability from peripheral pulse wave using PPG sensor
Srinivas, K., Reddy, L. R. G., & Srinivas, R. (2007) · World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-68017-8_83 · Cited by 14
Should one use electrocardiographic or Finapres-derived pulse intervals for calculation of cardiac baroreceptor sensitivity?
Sl, D., Rb, P., & Potter (1998) · PubMed · Cited by 14
Analysis of heart rate variability: Comparison between spectra obtained from ECG and finger blood pressure
Karrakchou, M., Vésin, J.-M., Laberer, S., & Pruvot, E. J. (1992) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/iembs.1992.5761108 · Cited by 11
Contactless recording of photoplethysmogram on a sleeping bed
Wong, M. Y. M., Leung, H. K., Pickwell‐MacPherson, E., Gu, W. B., & Zhang, Y. (2009) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/iembs.2009.5334560 · Cited by 10
Validation of vital signs recorded via a new telecare system
Kornowski, R., Zlochiver, S., Botzer, L., Tirosh, R., Abboud, S., & Misan, S. (2003) · Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare · doi:10.1258/135763303771005225 · Cited by 7
Poincaré plot analysis for pulse interval extracted from non-contact photoplethysmography
Qiu, Y., Cai, Y., Zhu, Y., Cheang, P.-Y., Crabtree, V. P., Smith, P. R., & Hu, S. (2005) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/iembs.2005.1616838 · Cited by 6
Stationarity of the heart rate variability by acceleration plethysmography: short-term measurements of healthy young males in daily life.
Takada, M., Ebara, T., Sakai, Y., & Kuwano, Y. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 5
[Pulse oximetry as a continuous, noninvasive monitoring procedure. Comparison of 2 instruments].
Altemeyer, K.-H., Mayer, J., Berg-Seiter, S., & Fösel, T. (1986) · PubMed · Cited by 4
Analysis Of Heart Rate Variability: Comparison Between Spectra Obtained From ECG And Finger Blood Pressure
Karrakchou, Vesin, Laberer, & Pruvot (1992) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/iembs.1992.595708 · Cited by 4

Flagged first, then by citations

2 of the 114 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 3

Herzman, 1937, Observations on the finger volume pulse recorded photoelectrically, Am J Physiol, 119, 334
Janssen, 1994, Methods in heart rate variability analysis: may the ventricular or the pulse rhythm be used as a substitute for the atrial rhythm?, High Blood Pressure, 3, 23
Khandoker, 2011, Comparison of pulse rate variability with heart rate variability during obstructive sleep apnea, Med Eng Phys, 33, 204, 10.1016/j.medengphy.2010.09.020 · DOI

Sorted by citations

Heart Rate Variability and Cardiac Vagal Tone in Psychophysiological Research – Recommendations for Experiment Planning, Data Analysis, and Data Reporting
Laborde, S., Mosley, E., & Thayer, J. F. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00213 · Cited by 2,336
“A comparative review of photoplethysmography against ECG stated that photoplethysmography can be used during rest but not during stress (Schafer and Vagedes, 2013).”
Background
A healthy heart is not a metronome: an integrative review of the heart’s anatomy and heart rate variability.
Shaffer, F., McCraty, R., & Zerr, C. L. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01040 · Cited by 1,866
Photoplethysmography Revisited: From Contact to Noncontact, From Point to Imaging
Sun, Y., & Thakor, N. V. (2015) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2015.2476337 · Cited by 589
“Regardless of how successful these systems has been in acquiring physiological parameters, e.g., HR/respiration rate (RR) and HRV, a number of key questions still remain regarding IPPG systems that utilize ambient light as the illumination source, such as the practical issue of how variations in ambient light intensit…”
Influential
Wearable Sleep Technology in Clinical and Research Settings
DE ZAMBOTTI, M., CELLINI, N., GOLDSTONE, A., COLRAIN, I. M., & BAKER, F. C. (2019) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001947 · Cited by 564
Digital biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease: the mobile/wearable devices opportunity
Kourtis, L. C., Regele, O. B., Wright, J. M., & Jones, G. B. (2019) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-019-0084-2 · Cited by 476

See all 661

Authors: Schäfer, A., & Vagedes, J.
Affiliations: Academic Research in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (DE)
University Children's Hospital Tübingen (DE)
Corresponding author: Vagedes, Jan
ORCID: Vagedes, Jan
Venue: International Journal of Cardiology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-06
Volume: 166
Issue: 1
Pages: 15-29
ISSN: 0167-5273 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.03.119
OpenAlex: W188715143
Cited by: 661
References: 114
Citations by year: 2026: 59 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 52 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 72 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 49 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 9
FWCI: 11.94
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: International Journal of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
Keywords: pulse rate variability, heart rate variability, photoplethysmography, pulse oximetry, RR interval, measurement accuracy, physical activity, psychological stress, sensor position, detection algorithm, ambulatory monitoring
MeSH terms: Electrocardiography, Heart Rate, Humans, Motor Activity, Pulse, Rest, Photoplethysmography

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How accurate is pulse rate variability as an estimate of heart rate variability?

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks