Cited by 560Advanced Drug Delivery SystemsPolysaccharides Composition and ApplicationsInhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery

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Physicochemical properties of mucus and their impact on transmucosal drug delivery

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Leal, Jasmim, Smyth, Hugh D.C., Ghosh, Debadyuti·2017·International Journal of Pharmaceutics

DOI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.09.018PMC PMC5744044

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Abstract

Mucus is a selective barrier to particles and molecules, preventing penetration to the epithelial surface of mucosal tissues. Significant advances in transmucosal drug delivery have recently been made and have emphasized that an understanding of the basic structure, viscoelastic properties, and interactions of mucus is of great value in the design of efficient drug delivery systems. Mucins, the primary non-aqueous component of mucus, are polymers carrying a complex and heterogeneous structure with domains that undergo a variety of molecular interactions, such as hydrophilic/hydrophobic, hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. These properties are directly relevant to the numerous mucin-associated diseases, as well as delivering drugs across the mucus barrier. Therefore, in this review we discuss regional differences in mucus composition, mucus physicochemical properties, such as pore size, viscoelasticity, pH, and ionic strength. These factors are also discussed with respect to changes in mucus properties as a function of disease state. Collectively, the review seeks to provide a state of the art roadmap for researchers who must contend with this critical barrier to drug delivery.

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Authors: Leal, J., Smyth, H. D. C., & Ghosh, D.
Affiliations: The University of Texas at Austin (US)
Corresponding author: Ghosh, Debadyuti
ORCID: Smyth, Hugh D.C.
Ghosh, Debadyuti
Venue: International Journal of Pharmaceutics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2017-10
Volume: 532
Issue: 1
Pages: 555-572
ISSN: 0378-5173 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.09.018
PMC: PMC5744044
OpenAlex: W2754709330
Cited by: 560
References: 314
Citations by year: 2026: 72 · 2025: 98 · 2024: 87 · 2023: 68 · 2022: 72 · 2021: 66 · 2020: 57 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 1
FWCI: 2.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: International Journal of Pharmaceutics (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL138251)
Topics: Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
Keywords: mucus, mucosal drug delivery, mucin, mucus barrier, viscoelasticity, pore size, pH, ionic strength, mucosal epithelium, drug delivery systems
MeSH terms: Humans, Mucins, Mucus, Viscosity, Drug Delivery Systems, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions

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Physicochemical properties of mucus and their impact on transmucosal drug delivery

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