Cited by 254SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchLegal, Health, Environmental and COVID-19 ChallengesVaccine Coverage and Hesitancy

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Accelerated COVID-19 vaccine development: milestones, lessons, and prospects

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Bok, Karin, Sitar, Sandra, Graham, Barney S., Mascola, John R.·2021·Immunity

DOI 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.07.017PMC PMC8328682

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Abstract

The development of effective vaccines to combat infectious diseases is a complex multi-year and multi-stakeholder process. To accelerate the development of vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a novel pathogen emerging in late 2019 and spreading globally by early 2020, the United States government (USG) mounted an operation bridging public and private sector expertise and infrastructure. The success of the endeavor can be seen in the rapid advanced development of multiple vaccine candidates, with several demonstrating efficacy and now being administered around the globe. Here, we review the milestones enabling the USG-led effort, the methods utilized, and ensuing outcomes. We discuss the current status of COVID-19 vaccine development and provide a perspective for how partnership and preparedness can be better utilized in response to future public-health pandemic emergencies.

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Neutralising antibody titres as predictors of protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants and the impact of boosting: a meta-analysis
Cromer, D., Steain, M., Reynaldi, A., Schlub, T. E., Wheatley, A. K., Juno, J. A., Kent, S. J., Triccas, J. A., Khoury, D. S., & Davenport, M. P. (2022) · The Lancet Microbe · doi:10.1016/s2666-5247(21)00267-6 · Cited by 590
Harnessing the microbiome to prevent global biodiversity loss
Peixoto, R. S., Voolstra, C. R., Sweet, M. J., Duarte, C. M., Carvalho, S., Villela, H., Lunshof, J. E., Gram, L., Woodhams, D. C., Walter, J., et al. (2022) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-022-01173-1 · Cited by 284
COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy among Healthcare Workers—A Review
Peterson, C., Lee, B. D., & NUGENT, K. M. (2022) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines10060948 · Cited by 232
Menstrual Symptoms After COVID-19 Vaccine: A Cross-Sectional Investigation in the MENA Region
Muhaidat, N., Alshrouf, M. A., Azzam, M., Karam, A. M., Al-Nazer, M., & Al-Ani, A. (2022) · International Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.2147/ijwh.s352167 · Cited by 168
Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the dose–response relationship with three major antibodies: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Yang, Z.-R., Jiang, Y.-W., Li, F.-X., Liu, D., Lin, T.-F., Zhao, Z.-Y., Wei, C., Jin, Q.-Y., Li, X.-M., Jia, Y.-X., et al. (2023) · The Lancet Microbe · doi:10.1016/s2666-5247(22)00390-1 · Cited by 138

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Authors: Bok, K., Sitar, S., Graham, B. S., & Mascola, J. R.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author: Mascola, John R.
ORCID: Graham, Barney S.
Mascola, John R.
Venue: Immunity
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2021-08
Volume: 54
Issue: 8
Pages: 1636-1651
ISSN: 1074-7613 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.07.017
PMC: PMC8328682
OpenAlex: W3187496430
Cited by: 254
References: 149
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 74 · 2022: 77 · 2021: 12
FWCI: 6.11
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Immunity (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (63/140,250, PCT/US2021/017709, WO/2018/081318)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority
National Institutes of Health
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Legal, Health, Environmental and COVID-19 Challenges
Social Sciences › Health › Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
Keywords: COVID-19 vaccine development, SARS-CoV-2, public-private partnerships, vaccine candidate, pandemic preparedness, public health emergencies, vaccine efficacy
MeSH terms: Vaccination Coverage, Vaccinology, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, Biotechnology, Humans, Models, Molecular, Research, United States, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Bioengineering, Public Health Surveillance

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