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Cited by 573Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum

Behavioral Inhibition and Risk for Developing Social Anxiety Disorder: A Meta-Analytic Study

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Clauss, Jacqueline A., Blackford, Jennifer Urbano·2012·Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
DOI 10.1016/j.jaac.2012.08.002PMC PMC3611590
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Abstract

Objective Behavioral inhibition (BI) has been associated with increased risk for developing social anxiety disorder (SAD); however, the degree of risk associated with BI has yet to be systematically examined and quantified. The goal of the present study was to quantify the association between childhood BI and risk for developing SAD. Method A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify studies that assessed both BI and SAD. Meta-analyses were performed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of the association between BI and SAD in children. Results Seven studies met inclusion criteria. BI was associated with a greater than sevenfold increase in risk for developing SAD (odds ratio = 7.59, p < .00002). This association remained significant even after considering study differences in temperament assessment, control group, parental risk, age at temperament assessment, and age at anxiety diagnosis. Conclusions Identifying early developmental risk factors is critical for preventing psychiatric illness. Given that 15% of all children show extreme BI, and that almost half of these inhibited children will eventually develop SAD, we propose that BI is one of the largest single risk factors for developing SAD.

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  • Human imaging studies show neural circuits affected by anxiety change during puberty.

    “Human imaging studies show that neural circuits affected by anxiety change during puberty (29, 30), and gonadal hormones are thought to contribute to these changes (31).”

    From Sexual differentiation of neural mechanisms of stress sensitivity during puberty (2023) · cites this paper as [30]

    The discussion and introductory passage describe amygdala responses associated with behavioral inhibition and social anxiety, but neither reports imaging evidence that anxiety-related circuits change during puberty. A search for “puberty” found age ranges in Method > Study Variables, not pubertal neural changes. Page numbers were unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)

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Authors
Clauss, J. A., & Blackford, J. U.
Affiliations
Vanderbilt University (US)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2012-10
Volume
51
Issue
10
Pages
1066-1075.e1
ISSN
0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jaac.2012.08.002
PMC
PMC3611590
OpenAlex
W1983560277
Cited by
573
References
15
Citations by year
2026: 24 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 50 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 62 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 15
FWCI
3.23
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health (K01MH083052)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32-GM 07347, T32GM007347)
  • National Center for Research Resources (KL2RR024977, TL1RR024978, UL1RR024975)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Keywords
behavioral inhibition, social anxiety disorder, child temperament, risk factors, children, temperament assessment
MeSH terms
Anxiety Disorders, Child, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological, Phobic Disorders, Temperament

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