Effects of Experimental Sleep Restriction on Energy Intake, Energy Expenditure, and Visceral Obesity
Open accessAbstract
Background Although the consequences of sleep deficiency for obesity risk are increasingly apparent, experimental evidence is limited and there are no studies on body fat distribution.Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of experimentally-induced sleep curtailment in the setting of free access to food on energy intake, energy expenditure, and regional body composition.Methods Twelve healthy, nonobese individuals (9 males, age range 19 to 39 years) completed a randomized, controlled, crossover, 21-day inpatient study comprising 4 days of acclimation, 14 days of experimental sleep restriction (4 hour sleep opportunity) or control sleep (9 hour sleep opportunity), and a 3-day recovery segment. Repeated measures of energy intake, energy expenditure, body weight, body composition, fat distribution and circulating biomarkers were acquired.Results With sleep restriction vs control, participants consumed more calories (P = 0.015), increasing protein (P = 0.050) and fat intake (P = 0.046). Energy expenditure was unchanged (all P > 0.16). Participants gained significantly more weight when exposed to experimental sleep restriction than during control sleep (P = 0.008). While changes in total body fat did not differ between conditions (P = 0.710), total abdominal fat increased only during sleep restriction (P = 0.011), with significant increases evident in both subcutaneous and visceral abdominal fat depots (P = 0.047 and P = 0.042, respectively).Conclusions Sleep restriction combined with ad libitum food promotes excess energy intake without varying energy expenditure. Weight gain and particularly central accumulation of fat indicate that sleep loss predisposes to abdominal visceral obesity. (Sleep Restriction and Obesity; NCT01580761).
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Twenty-one-day experimental sleep restriction using a 4-h sleep opportunity promoted consumption of an additional ~310 kcals per day compared to a control 9-h sleep opportunity in healthy young adults.
“Covassin et al. 114 reported that 21-day of experimental sleep restriction using a 4-h sleep opportunity promoted the consumption of an additional ~310 kcals per day”
From The effects of sleep disruption on metabolism, hunger, and satiety, and the influence of psychosocial stress and exercise: A narrative review (2024) · cites this paper as [114]
Twenty-one-day experimental sleep restriction using a 4-h sleep opportunity promoted an 11% increase in abdominal visceral adiposity compared to a control 9-h sleep opportunity in healthy young adults.
“and an 11% increase in abdominal visceral adiposity”
From The effects of sleep disruption on metabolism, hunger, and satiety, and the influence of psychosocial stress and exercise: A narrative review (2024) · cites this paper as [114]
Twenty-one-day experimental sleep restriction using a 4-h sleep opportunity promoted a 0.5 kg increase in body weight compared to a control 9-h sleep opportunity in healthy young adults.
“and a 0.5 kg increase in body weight when compared to the control 9-h sleep opportunity condition in healthy young adults.”
From The effects of sleep disruption on metabolism, hunger, and satiety, and the influence of psychosocial stress and exercise: A narrative review (2024) · cites this paper as [114]
Sleep deprivation significantly promotes excess energy intake and visceral obesity.
“Sleep deprivation significantly promotes excess energy intake and visceral obesity.30”
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Covassin, N., Singh, P., McCrady-Spitzer, S. K., St Louis, E. K., Calvin, A. D., Levine, J. A., & Somers, V. K.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
- Mayo Clinic Health System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Somers, Virend K.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-04
- Volume
- 79
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 1254-1265
- ISSN
- 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9187217
- OpenAlex
- W4226265771
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 13
- FWCI
- 21.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Civil War Book Review (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR002377)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL114024)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- sleep restriction, sleep deprivation, energy intake, energy expenditure, visceral obesity, abdominal fat, body composition, weight gain, protein intake, dietary fat intake, obesity risk
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Energy Intake, Energy Metabolism, Humans, Male, Obesity, Sleep, Young Adult, Obesity, Abdominal
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