The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Antidepressants and dementia
Abstract
Background It has been suggested that antidepressants may have neuroprotective abilities but it has newer been investigated lately whether treatment with antidepressants reduces the risk of dementia. Method Linkage of registers of all prescribed antidepressants and diagnoses of dementia in Denmark during a period from 1995 to 2005. Results Persons who purchased antidepressants once (N=687,552) had an increased rate of dementia compared to persons unexposed to antidepressants (N=779,831). Nevertheless, the rate of dementia changed over time; thus during the initial prescription periods the rate increased with the number of prescriptions but continued long-term antidepressants treatment was associated with a reduction in the rate of dementia, however, not to the same level as the rate for the general population. This pattern was found for all classes of antidepressants (SSRIs, newer non-SSRI antidepressants and older antidepressants). All findings were replicated in sub-analyses with Alzheimer's disease as outcome. Limitations Methodological reasons for the findings cannot be excluded due to the non-randomized nature of data. Conclusions Continued long-term antidepressant treatment was associated with a reduced rate of dementia, however, not to the same level as the rate for the general population.
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In the citing paper
“Several studies have found that SSRIs reduce risk of AD in depressed individuals.”
From Serotonin signaling is associated with lower amyloid-β levels and plaques in transgenic mice and humans (2011) · cites this paper as [47]
In the citing paper
“A recent retrospective study of over 1.4 million people in Denmark over a 10-y period suggested that depressed individuals who were treated only once, or for only a short period, had a greater risk of AD than those who had chronic antidepressant use (47); chronic antidepressant use lowered the risk toward that of the general population.”
From Serotonin signaling is associated with lower amyloid-β levels and plaques in transgenic mice and humans (2011) · cites this paper as [47]
In the citing paper
“A recent retrospective study of over 1.4 million people in Denmark over a 10-y period suggested that depressed individuals who were treated only once, or for only a short period, had a greater risk of AD than those who had chronic antidepressant use (47); chronic antidepressant use lowered the risk toward that of the general population.”
From Serotonin signaling is associated with lower amyloid-β levels and plaques in transgenic mice and humans (2011) · cites this paper as [47]
In the citing paper
“Another study using a nationwide database in Denmark revealed that continued long-term antidepressant treatment was associated with a reduced rate of dementia [55].”
From Risk analysis of use of different classes of antidepressants on subsequent dementia: A nationwide cohort study in Taiwan (2017) · cites this paper as [55]
In the citing paper
“In contrast, other studies did link antidepressant use to increased dementia risk. 4,8-14”
From Antidepressant use in relation to dementia risk, cognitive decline, and brain atrophy (2024) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“Long-term observational data are needed, but cohort studies to date have produced contrasting results. While various studies observed increased risk of dementia in antidepressant users, 4,8-14 several others did not. 15-19”
From Antidepressant use in relation to dementia risk, cognitive decline, and brain atrophy (2024) · cites this paper as [13]
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BackgroundDepression—an underrecognized target for prevention of dementia in Alzheimer’s disease
Dafsari, F. S., & Jessen, F. (2020) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-020-0839-1 · Cited by 312
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“In clinical studies, long-term treatment with SSRIs is associated with reduced rates of dementia and delayed AD progression (Bartels et al., 2018; Kessing et al., 2009).”
BackgroundDoes lithium protect against dementia?
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“(2009) shows that continued long-term antidepressants treatment is associated with a reduction in the rate of AD [125], suggesting that it might be worth to assess whether TGFβ1 signaling is a common target for both depression and AD.”
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“, 2014) and the long-term use of antidepressants, such as SSRI, seems to lower the elevated risk on developing dementia in depressed individuals (Kessing et al., 2009).”
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“Continued long-term antidepressant treatment has been reported to be associated with a reduced rate of dementia (Kessing et al., 2009).”
What is the association between depression and Alzheimer’s disease?
Tsuno, N., & Homma, A. (2009) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/ern.09.106 · Cited by 115
Moraros, J., Nwankwo, C., Patten, S. B., & Mousseau, D. D. (2017) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22584 · Cited by 105
“Similarly, excluding the study with the largest sample size (Kessing et al., 2009), yielded a pooled estimate of OR = 1.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialCognitive deficits in the remitted state of unipolar depressive disorder.
Hasselbalch, B., Knorr, U., Hasselbalch, S. G., Gade, A., & Kessing, L. V. (2012) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/a0029301 · Cited by 105
Self-citationPless, A., Ware, D., Saggu, S., Rehman, H., Morgan, J., & Wang, Q. (2023) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1263771 · Cited by 131
“In addition, studies have interestingly shown a possible link between long-term antidepressant use and an increased risk of developing AD, as well as an increased risk of developing AD in depressed individuals (Ownby et al., 2006; Kessing et al., 2009; Wang et al., 2018).”
BackgroundOver‐ and under‐diagnosis of dementia in ethnic minorities: a nationwide register‐based study
Nielsen, T. R., Vogel, A., Phung, T., Gade, A., & Waldemar, G. (2010) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.2650 · Cited by 97
“The Danish hospital registers, which have previously been used in dementia studies (Korner et al., 2008; Kessing et al., 2009; Phung et al., 2009), offer a unique opportunity to address this issue on a national scale.”
BackgroundStress-Induced Depression and Alzheimer’s Disease: Focus on Astrocytes
Dolotov, O. V., Inozemtseva, L. S., Myasoedov, N. F., & Grivennikov, I. A. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23094999 · Cited by 104
“In a Danish nationwide study [78], it was found that, including all patients who received antidepressants, the incidence of dementia was increased compared to the frequency among antidepressant-free individuals.”
ResultTorrisi, S. A., Geraci, F., Tropea, M. R., Grasso, M., Caruso, G., Fidilio, A., Musso, N., Sanfilippo, G., Tascedda, F., Palmeri, A., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00693 · Cited by 90
Depression and Dementia in Older Adults: A Neuropsychological Review
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“Long-term treatment with SSRIs has been shown to reduce the risk of AD in depressed patients [109].”
BackgroundREVIEW: Apathy Diagnosis, Assessment, and Treatment in Alzheimer's Disease
Robert, P. H., Mulin, E., Malléa, P., & David, R. (2010) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1755-5949.2009.00132.x · Cited by 88
“A recent epidemiological study using the register of all prescribed antidepressants and diagnoses of dementia in Denmark during the period 1995–2005 indicated that only long-term antidepressant treatment was associated with a reduction in the rate of dementia, however not to the rate among the general population [78].”
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and Alzheimer’s disease
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“In their large Danish population-based cohort (Kessing et al., 2009), Kessing and colleagues found that, compared to subjects exposed to one prescription of SSRIs, there was an increased risk of developing AD in subjects exposed to two prescriptions of SSRIs [relative risk (RR) (95% CI) = 1.55…”
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“There is also evidence that longer treat-ment duration with SSRIs is protective against dementia [130, 131].”
BackgroundDo continued antidepressants protect against dementia in patients with severe depressive disorder?
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“, 2008) and antidepressants and dementia (Kessing et al., 2009), used the same kind of analyses.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationHealth-Promoting Strategies for the Aging Brain
Chen, S. T., Volle, D. C., Jalil, J., Wu, P., & Small, G. W. (2018) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2018.12.016 · Cited by 75
Mawanda, F., Wallace, R. B., McCoy, K. D., & Abrams, T. E. (2017) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.14756 · Cited by 73
“For example, in a 15-year prospective cohort study involving 1063 veterans without dementia and not using BZAs at baseline, both incident and ever use of BZAs during follow-up was associated with significantly increased risk of dementia HR = 1.60; (1.08–2.38) and HR = 1.55 (1.24–1.95), respectively.33 Similarly in a n…”
BackgroundInfluentialSerotonin, β‐amyloid, and cognition in Parkinson disease
Kotagal, V., Spino, C., Bohnen, N. I., Koeppe, R., & Albin, R. L. (2018) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.25236 · Cited by 64
“Antidepressant medications were also suggested to reduce dementia incidence in analyses from Kessing et al in datasets drawn from large Danish registries of prescription drugs.(43,44) Our sensitivity analyses did not show significant associations of SSRIs and SSRIs/ TCAs with time to MoCA decline.”
BackgroundExposure to Antidepressant Medication and the Risk of Incident Dementia
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“Interestingly, a continued long-term treatment with antidepressants reduces the risk to develop AD (Kessing et al., 2009).”
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“Interestingly, recent studies have found that SSRIs reduce the risk of AD in depressed individuals [24] and have a positive role in hindering the progression of AD and improving patients’ daily performance [8, 9, 25].”
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“During the last decade, based on their ability to exert neuroprotection, the use of antidepressants to reduce the risk to develop AD has been proposed (Kessing et al., 2009; Kessing, 2012; Yuste et al., 2015; Bartels et al., 2018).”
BackgroundEscitalopram improves memory deficits induced by maternal separation in the rat.
Couto, F., Batalha, V., Valadas, J. S., Data-Franca, J., Ribeiro, J., & Lopes, L. V. (2012) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.08.020 · Cited by 50
“tion (and eventually on the prevention of dementia) has been poorly studied and clearly remains to be elucidated (Kessing et al., 2009).”
BackgroundXie, Y., Liu, P.-P., Lian, Y.-J., Liu, H.-B., & Kang, J.-S. (2019) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-019-0064-7 · Cited by 49
“Another study found increased rates of dementia during the initial prescription periods and then reductions in the rate of dementia during continued long-term antidepressant treatment.(9) However, our meta-analysis demonstrates that fluoxetine treatment for 8–12 weeks is associated with improved MMSE performance (Fig.”
BackgroundSlowing Cognitive Decline in Major Depressive Disorder and Mild Cognitive Impairment
Rajji, T. K., Bowie, C. R., Herrmann, N., Pollock, B. G., Lanctôt, K. L., Kumar, S., Flint, A. J., Mah, L., Fischer, C. E., Butters, M. A., et al. (2024) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3241 · Cited by 46
Pharmacological Treatment of Depression in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Challenging Task
Cassano, T., Calcagnini, S., Carbone, A., Bukke, V. N., Orkisz, S., Villani, R., Romano, A., Avolio, C., & Gaetani, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.01067 · Cited by 52
Huang, I.-C., Chang, T.-S., Chen, C., & Sung, J.-Y. (2022) · International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyac054 · Cited by 41
Cumulative Antidepressant Use and Risk of Dementia in a Prospective Cohort Study
Heath, L., Gray, S. L., Boudreau, D. M., Thummel, K., Edwards, K. L., Fullerton, S. M., Crane, P. K., & Larson, E. B. (2018) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.15508 · Cited by 41
“We did not observe a difference in risk between SSRI use (excluding paroxetine) and nonuse, which conflicts with previous reports of higher risk of dementia associated with SSRI use.(17,19,20,23,25,26) Of these previous studies, all but one(26) failed to account for depression as a possible symptom of undiagnosed deme…”
ResultEnache, D., Fereshtehnejad, S. ‐., Kåreholt, I., Cermakova, P., Garcia‐Ptacek, S., Johnell, K., Religa, D., Jelic, V., Winblad, B., Ballard, C., et al. (2016) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12630 · Cited by 42
“Of note, several studies indicate that antidepressant treatment can reduce mortality risk for late life depression (10, 11) and reduce risk of dementia (12, 13).”
BackgroundAntidepressants in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Focus on the Role of Mirtazapine
Correia, A. S., & Vale, N. (2021) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph14090930 · Cited by 42
“A retrospective study that evaluated the relationship between the risk of AD and the use of SSRIs in depressed patients, concluded that individuals who took these drugs chronically had a lower risk of developing AD, compared to patients who only took these drugs in a short period [53].”
BackgroundDepression versus dementia: is this construct still relevant?
Ismail, Z., Malick, A., Smith, E., Schweizer, T., & Fischer, C. E. (2014) · Neurodegenerative Disease Management · doi:10.2217/nmt.14.5 · Cited by 35
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Depression–dementia medius: Between depression and the manifestation of dementia symptoms
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von Linstow, C. U., Waider, J., Grebing, M., Metaxas, A., Lesch, K., & Finsen, B. R. (2017) · Alzheimer s Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13195-017-0298-y · Cited by 26
“Retrospective cohort studies, however, reported that SSRI treatment reduces cognitive decline and rate of dementia, although not to the level of the general population [17, 18].”
BackgroundChee, K., Tripathi, A., Avasthi, A., Chong, M., Sim, K., Yang, S., Glover, S., Xiang, Y., Si, T., Kanba, S., et al. (2015) · Asia-Pacific Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/appy.12176 · Cited by 26
“Some reports have shown possible efficacy of antidepressants in dementia (Kessing et al., 2009; Nelson and Devanand, 2011), addiction (Cahill et al.”
BackgroundJoaquim, H. P. G., Talib, L., Forlenza, O., Diniz, B., & Gattaz, W. (2012) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.04.020 · Cited by 24
Antidepressant use in relation to dementia risk, cognitive decline, and brain atrophy
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“European Neuropsychopharmaco evidence comes from the epidemiological studies on AD risk reduction by SSRI treatment (Kessing et al., 2009).”
BackgroundCaraci, F., Pappalardo, G., Basile, L., Giuffrida, A., Copani, A., Tosto, R., Sinopoli, A., Giuffrida, M. L., Pirrone, E., Drago, F., et al. (2015) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.07.015 · Cited by 23
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An update on antidepressant pharmacotherapy in late-life depression
Brender, R., Mulsant, B. H., & Blumberger, D. M. (2021) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1080/14656566.2021.1921736 · Cited by 25
“clear association between the use of antidepressants and these adverse outcomes (sometimes occurring decades later) [45,46] may reflect confounding by indication, e.”
BackgroundHansen, H. V., Christensen, E. M., Dam, H., Gluud, C., Wetterslev, J., Kessing, L. V., & the Early Intervention Affective Disorders (EIA) Trial Group (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032950 · Cited by 20
“Antidepressants prescribed for depressive disorder may have neuroprotective abilities [22,23] and patients may profit from psychotherapy before potential cognitive disturbances may occur during the long-term course of illness [24].”
BackgroundSelf-citationTang, H., Guo, J. S., Shaaban, C. E., Zheng, F., Wu, Y., Magoč, T., Hu, X., Donahoo, W. T., DeKosky, S. T., & Bian, J. (2023) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.13480 · Cited by 21
Overview of the Gut–Brain Axis: From Gut to Brain and Back Again
Post, Z., Manfready, R. A., & Keshavarzian, A. (2023) · Seminars in Neurology · doi:10.1055/s-0043-1771464 · Cited by 25
Evolutionary theory and the treatment of depression: It is all about the squids and the sea bass
Hollon, S. D., Andrews, P. W., Singla, D. R., Maslej, M. M., & Mulsant, B. H. (2021) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2021.103849 · Cited by 22
Su, J.-A., Chang, C.-C., Yang, Y.-H., Chen, K.-J., Li, Y.-P., & Lin, C.-Y. (2020) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881120944152 · Cited by 22
“Most of them have reported an increased risk of dementia (Kessing et al., 2009; Lee et al., 2016; Then et al., 2017), except for one, which enrolled patients with more severe depression (Kessing et al.”
BackgroundInfluentialHypnotics use but not insomnia increased the risk of dementia in traumatic brain injury patients.
Chiu, H.-Y., Lin, E.-Y., Wei, L., Lin, J.-H., Lee, H.-C., Fan, Y.-C., & Tsai, P.-S. (2015) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.09.011 · Cited by 20
“Because the use of NSAIDs and antidepressants have been shown to be associated with the risk of dementia (Breitner et al., 2009; Kessing et al., 2009), we included these factors in the calculation of the propensity score, and we included the propensity score in the Cox proportional-hazards models to account for the di…”
MethodAntidepressant Exposure and Risk of Dementia in Older Adults with Major Depressive Disorder
Brodrick, J. E., & Mathys, M. L. (2016) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.14378 · Cited by 18
“Continued long-term antidepressant use was associated with a reduction in the rate of dementia but not to the same level as that of the general population.(14) A similar study of individuals with depression discharged from Danish psychiatric facilities concluded that long-term treatment with older antidepressants (mos…”
ResultMonoamine Oxidase-A Physically Interacts with Presenilin-1(M146V) in the Mouse Cortex
Wei, Z.-L., Gabriel, G. G., Rui, L., Cao, X., Pennington, P. R., Chlan‐Fourney, J., Nazarali, A., Baker, G., & Mousseau, D. (2012) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2011-111241 · Cited by 18
“Our data also suggest that pharmacological MAO-A inhibition could exert non-cognitive effects in certain patients predisposed to AD (could this be extrapolated to other monoamine-altering therapeutics?, see [115]).”
Depressive Symptoms in Clinical and Incipient Alzheimer’s Disease
Hsiao, J. J., & Teng, E. (2013) · Neurodegenerative Disease Management · doi:10.2217/nmt.13.10 · Cited by 18
Cutuli, D., Giacovazzo, G., Decandia, D., & Coccurello, R. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1010169 · Cited by 19
“The use of SSRIs is associated with a decreased rate of dementia/AD development (115).”
BackgroundBouter, Y., & Bouter, C. (2022) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2022.883256 · Cited by 18
“This theory is supported by the results of a large Danish population-based study in which patients who received only one prescription of SSRI antidepressants had an increased rate of dementia compared to subjects unexposed to antidepressants, while continued long-term antidepressant treatment (six to nine prescription…”
BackgroundResultKhoury, R., & Grossberg, G. T. (2018) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-018-0590-9 · Cited by 16
Effect of Fluvoxamine on Amyloid-β Peptide Generation and Memory
Kim, W., Fu, Y.-H., Dobson-Stone, C., Hsiao, J.-H. T., Shang, K.-N., Hallupp, M., Schofield, P., Garner, B., Karl, T., & Kwok, J. B. J. (2018) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-171001 · Cited by 15
Pennington, P. R., Wei, Z.-L., Rui, L., Doig, J., Graham, B., Kuski, K., Gabriel, G. G., & Mousseau, D. (2011) · Journal of neural transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-011-0616-7 · Cited by 15
Antidepressants and risk of dementia in migraine patients: A population-based case-control study
Lee, C. W., Lin, C., Lin, P.-Y., Thielke, S. M., Su, K., & Kao, C. (2017) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.04.006 · Cited by 13
“, 2011), or all people who were prescribed these medications regardless of indication (Wang et al., 2016; Kessing et al., 2009).”
Jokisch, M., on behalf of the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study Investigative Group, Winkler, A., Dragano, N., Moebus, S., Jöckel, K., Erbel, R. M., & Weimar, C. (2015) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-142178 · Cited by 14
Nyarko, J. N. K., Quartey, M. O., Heistad, R. M., Pennington, P. R., Poon, L. J., Knudsen, K. J., Allonby, O., Zawily, A. M. E., Freywald, A., Rauw, G., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00545 · Cited by 13
“Moreover, this same allele has been associated with cognitive deficits in depressed individuals (Kalska et al., 2013) and in older adults (Garrett et al., 2015), and has been proposed as a risk factor for AD/dementia (Li et al., 1997; Oliveira et al., 1998), although a later study was unable to corroborate any associa…”
BackgroundInfluentialvon Linstow, C. U., Waider, J., Bergh, M. S., Anzalone, M., Madsen, C., Nicolau, A. B., Wirenfeldt, M., Lesch, K., & Finsen, B. R. (2021) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-210581 · Cited by 9
Han, F., Bonnett, T., Brenowitz, W. D., Teylan, M., Besser, L. M., Chen, Y., Chan, G., Cao, K., Gao, Y., & Zhou, X. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0227924 · Cited by 14
Can Animal Models Inform on the Relationship between Depression and Alzheimer Disease?
Nyarko, J. N. K., Quartey, M. O., Baker, G. B., & Mousseau, D. D. (2018) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0706743718772514 · Cited by 12
Ramos‐Cejudo, J., Corrigan, J. K., Zheng, C., Swinnerton, K. N., Jacobson, S. R., La, J., Betensky, R. A., Osorio, R. S., Madanes, S., Pomara, N., et al. (2024) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.13853 · Cited by 11
Kostev, K., Bohlken, J., & Jacob, L. (2019) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-190239 · Cited by 12
Bali, V., Holmes, H. M., Johnson, M. L., Chen, H., Fleming, M. L., & Aparasu, R. R. (2016) · Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1002/phar.1680 · Cited by 11
Kessing, L., Hansen, H., Christensen, E., Dam, H., Gluud, C., & Wetterslev, J. (2011) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-12-32 · Cited by 10
“Similarly, data do suggest that maintenance antidepressants prescribed for unipolar depressive disorder may have neuroprotective abilities but this is not definitive either [58,59].”
BackgroundSelf-citationPortal, B., Södergren, M., Borrell, T. P. I., Giraud, R., Metzendorf, N. G., Hultqvist, G., Nilsson, P., & Lindskog, M. (2024) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-231461 · Cited by 10
Serrano, V. B., Montoya, J. L., Campbell, L. M., Sundermann, E. E., Iudicello, J. E., Letendre, S. L., Heaton, R. K., & Moore, D. J. (2021) · Journal of NeuroVirology · doi:10.1007/s13365-021-01001-y · Cited by 10
“2017) whereas others find that SSRI use is associated with increased risk of dementia (Kessing et al. 2009).”
Liang, Y., Li, Y., Wang, H., Cheng, X., Guan, M., Zhong, S., & Zhao, C. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00297 · Cited by 6
“Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) may be associated with a reduced risk (11) or no risk of dementia (12) for depressed patients, whereas nonselective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) antidepressant drugs, including monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, and serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) have…”
BackgroundRelationship between depressive symptomatology and cognitive performance in older people
Izquierdo-Guerra, K. I., Montoya-Arenas, D., Franco, J., & Gaviria, A. (2018) · International Journal of Psychological Research · doi:10.21500/20112084.3520 · Cited by 6
Premature aging in serious mental illness
Diniz, B. S., Fries, G. R., Kuo, C.-L., Xu, M., & Lenze, E. J. (2026) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-026-02322-4 · Cited by 4
Formulating Treatment to Cure Alzheimer’s Dementia: Approach #2
Fessel, J. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25063524 · Cited by 5
“…over time; therefore, during the initial prescription periods, the rate increased with the number of prescriptions, but continued treatment with antidepressants was associated with a reduction in the rate of dementia even if it was not to the same level as the rate for the general population [8].”
BackgroundResultL’utilisation des antidépresseurs dans l’épisode dépressif caractérisé unipolaire du sujet âgé
Péricaud, A., Straczek, C., Montastruc, F., Leboyer, M., Yrondi, A., & Arbus, C. (2022) · L Encéphale · doi:10.1016/j.encep.2021.11.006 · Cited by 6
Impact of comorbidities on the cost of depression drug therapy in general practices in Germany.
Jacob, L., Ehlken, B., & Kostev, K. (2016) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.08.017 · Cited by 4
Genadry, F., Kalyani, P., Elgallab, B. M., Brooks, H. J., Blumberger, D., Kumar, S., Mulsant, B. H., Bowie, C., & Rajji, T. (2025) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.inpsyc.2025.100116 · Cited by 3
Kim, J., Ha, T. H., Kim, K., Lee, E.-M., Kim, H., Kim, D. K., Won, H., Lewis, M., Lee, H., & Myung, W. (2021) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-200994 · Cited by 4
Neuropsychological Performance in Remitted Major Depressive Disorder Patients: A Case-Control Study
Ahmed Souhali Bannour Mtiraoui, A. (2013) · Journal of Depression & Anxiety · doi:10.4172/2167-1044.1000136 · Cited by 3
“More recent studies have suggested instead a neuroprotective effect of antidepressants [36,37].”
BackgroundPines, A. (2011) · Climacteric · doi:10.3109/13697137.2011.579039 · Cited by 1
Depression, Dementia, and Pseudodementia
Pozzoli, S., Carlo, V. D., & Madonna, D. (2018) · Clinical Cases in Psychiatry: Integrating Translational Neuroscience Approaches · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-91557-9_10 · Cited by 2
Toda, K. (2018) · Pharmacology Drug Development & Therapeutics · doi:10.15761/pddt.1000110 · Cited by 2
“TCA is safer than SNRIs in terms of dementia or cognitive dysfunction [42-44,48,50].”
BackgroundTroubles affectifs et comorbidités neurologiques
Tassy, S., Belzeaux, R., Adida, M., Franchi, J., & Azorin, J. (2014) · L Encéphale · doi:10.1016/s0013-7006(14)70132-0 · Cited by 1
Liu, Y., Tan, Y., & Hashimoto, K. (2026) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2026.179414
Yoshinari, N., Maeshima, H., Shimizu, K., & Baba, H. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.152
Metadata
- Authors
- Kessing, L. V., Søndergård, L., Forman, J. L., & Andersen, P. K.
- Affiliations
- Copenhagen University Hospital (DK)
- Rigshospitalet (DK)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Kessing, Lars Vedel
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-09
- Volume
- 117
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 24-29
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2015172698
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 4.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
- Keywords
- antidepressants, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, long-term antidepressant treatment, neuroprotection, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, prescribing patterns, dementia risk
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Antidepressive Agents, Dementia, Denmark, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Registries, Risk, Time, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Age Distribution
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