Psychological inflexibility and mental health symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown in Spain: A longitudinal study
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Spain, one of the European countries most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, underwent a strict lockdown between March and May 2020. This study examines longitudinally the evolution of both psychological inflexibility and mental health symptoms in a sample of college students from the beginning and throughout the end of the mandated lockdown period. We present the results from 197 participants who responded to an online survey at least at two of three data-collection waves scheduled at the beginning (N = 226), halfway (N = 172), and end (N = 188) of the lockdown. The analyses revealed that psychological inflexibility and symptomatology increased over time, and that inflexibility at the beginning of the lockdown indirectly predicted self-reported symptoms at the end of the lockdown via autoregressive parallel paths that also connected cross-sectionally to reveal that changes in inflexibility were predictive of changes in mental health. These results present a dynamic and robust relationship between psychological inflexibility and mental health symptoms throughout a relatively long and presumably stressful period of time.
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Psychological inflexibility is a transdiagnostic dimension associated with psychological distress and poor mental health and quality of life.
“Psychological inflexibility is a transdiagnostic dimension associated to psychological distress and poor mental health and quality of life.”
From Spanish adaptation of the experiential approach scale (Eas) (2021) · cites this paper as [9]
The Introduction (page not provided) describes psychological flexibility as a transdiagnostic dimension and says high psychological inflexibility is consistently associated with distress and poor mental health. It also links flexibility to a more satisfactory life, but does not explicitly establish an association between inflexibility and poor quality of life. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn a Spanish COVID-19 study, psychological inflexibility forecast changes in mental health.
“A Spanish study during the COVID-19 pandemic showed that psychological inflexibility predicted changes in mental health (Hernández-López et al., 2021).”
From Mental fatigue and negative emotion among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic (2022) · cites this paper as Hernández-López et al., 2021
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- Authors
- Hernández-López, M., Cepeda-Benito, A., Díaz-Pavón, P., & Rodríguez-Valverde, M.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Jaén (ES)
- Venue
- Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-01
- Volume
- 19
- Pages
- 42-49
- ISSN
- 2212-1447 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7834284
- OpenAlex
- W3111619043
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2025: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10
- FWCI
- 2.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Jaen
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- psychological inflexibility, psychiatric symptoms, COVID-19 lockdown, university students, psychological flexibility, longitudinal change
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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