Prevalence of anxiety disorders among children who stutter

Iverach, Lisa; Jones, Mark; McLellan, Lauren F.; Lyneham, Heidi J.; Menzies, Ross G.; Onslow, Mark; Rapee, Ronald M.

doi:10.1016/j.jfludis.2016.07.002

Cited by 159Stuttering Research and TreatmentLanguage Development and DisordersAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Prevalence of anxiety disorders among children who stutter

Iverach, Lisa, Jones, Mark, McLellan, Lauren F., Lyneham, Heidi J., Menzies, Ross G., Onslow, Mark, Rapee, Ronald M.·2016·Journal of Fluency Disorders

DOI 10.1016/j.jfludis.2016.07.002

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Abstract

Purpose Stuttering during adulthood is associated with a heightened rate of anxiety disorders, especially social anxiety disorder. Given the early onset of both anxiety and stuttering, this comorbidity could be present among stuttering children.Method Participants were 75 stuttering children 7-12 years and 150 matched non-stuttering control children. Multinomial and binary logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios for anxiety disorders, and two-sample t-tests compared scores on measures of anxiety and psycho-social difficulties.Results Compared to non-stuttering controls, the stuttering group had six-fold increased odds for social anxiety disorder, seven-fold increased odds for subclinical generalized anxiety disorder, and four-fold increased odds for any anxiety disorder.Conclusion These results show that, as is the case during adulthood, stuttering during childhood is associated with a significantly heightened rate of anxiety disorders. Future research is needed to determine the impact of those disorders on speech treatment outcomes.

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Children who stutter are six times more likely to develop social anxiety disorders compared to controls.
“For example, Iverach et al. (2016) found that children who stutter were six times more likely to create social anxiety disorders compared to controls.”
From Speaking face-to-face with a virtual avatar to reduce anxiety in students who stutter: Tool development and pilot study results. (2026) · cites this paper as Iverach et al., 2016

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Latent Class Analysis Reveals Distinct Groups Based on Executive Function and Socioemotional Traits, Developmental Conditions, and Stuttering: A Population Study
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An evaluation of oxidative and nitrosative stress in children-who-stutter and its relationship to severity
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Palin Stuttering Therapy for School aged Children and usual treatment: A randomised controlled trial feasibility study
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Ecological Intervention for Stuttering in School-Age Children: A Collaborative Approach for School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists and Mental Health Providers
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Cluttering in the Speech of Young Men With Fragile X Syndrome
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Risk of sleep problems in a clinical sample of children who stutter
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The Speech Situation Checklist—Emotional Reaction: Normative and comparative study of Kannada-speaking children who do and do not stutter
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The Stuttering Truth: Uncovering the Prevalence and Impact Amongst School Children in the Ablekuma South District, Ghana
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A Mediation Model of Social Anxiety Development During Early Childhood Stuttering
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Fluência e compreensão da leitura em escolares com e sem gagueira
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Socioecological Determinants of Speech Evaluation and Treatment Among Children Who Stutter
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Speech Fluency Disorders: A Review of Studies Conducted Over the Past Five Decades (1970-2020)
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Anxiety in Children and Young Adolescents who Stutter
Craig, A. R., & Hancock, K. M. (1996) · Australian Journal of Human Communication Disorders · doi:10.3109/asl2.1996.24.issue-1.04 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Anxiety in 11-Year-Old Children Who Stutter: Findings From a Prospective Longitudinal Community Sample
Smith, K. A., Iverach, L., O’Brian, S., Mensah, F. K., Kefalianos, E., Hearne, A., & Reilly, S. (2017) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2016_jslhr-s-16-0035 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
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Prevalence of anxiety disorders among adults seeking speech therapy for stuttering
Iverach, L., O’Brian, S., Jones, M., Block, S., Lincoln, M., Harrison, E., Hewat, S., Menzies, R. G., Packman, A., & Onslow, M. (2009) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.06.003 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
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Research and experiment in stuttering
Marks, I. M. (1969) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(69)90033-6 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Authors: Iverach, L., Jones, M., McLellan, L. F., Lyneham, H. J., Menzies, R. G., Onslow, M., & Rapee, R. M.
Affiliations: The University of Queensland (AU)
Macquarie University (AU)
The University of Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author: Iverach, Lisa
ORCID: Iverach, Lisa
Jones, Mark
McLellan, Lauren F.
Menzies, Ross G.
Onslow, Mark
Rapee, Ronald M.
Venue: Journal of Fluency Disorders
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2016-09
Volume: 49
Pages: 13-28
ISSN: 0094-730X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2016.07.002
OpenAlex: W2496231283
Cited by: 159
References: 84
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 1
FWCI: 14.71
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Fluency Disorders (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Stuttering Research and Treatment
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: stuttering, childhood stuttering, anxiety disorders, social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, comorbidities, prevalence, children
MeSH terms: Phobia, Social, Anxiety Disorders, Australia, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Socioeconomic Factors, Stuttering, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Logistic Models, Case-Control Studies

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Prevalence of anxiety disorders among children who stutter

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