Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 680

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Persistent luminescence instead of phosphorescence: History, mechanism, and perspective

Xu, Jian, Tanabe, Setsuhisa·2019·Journal of Luminescence
DOI 10.1016/j.jlumin.2018.09.047
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Abstract Great progress has been made in inorganic persistent phosphors, especially in the recent two decades, motivated by the discoveries of the SrAl2O4:Eu2+-Dy3+ in the green and Cr3+ doped spinel compounds in the deep-red to near-infrared (NIR) spectral regions. However, the physical mechanism behind this kind of “self-sustained” luminescence is still the subject of debate, and the improvement of known persistent phosphors and/or the development of new ones are still a matter of trial-and-error. In this review, starting from the introduction of longstanding histories of persistent luminescence (PersL), we provide comprehensive insights into its physical mechanism. Particular focus is put on the state-of-the-art of designing new persistent phosphors via “bandgap engineering”, based on the knowledge about trapping-detrapping mechanisms of charge carriers and energy level locations of emitting/trapping centers. Recent significant works on PersL observed in organic molecules and phosphorescence observed in inorganic phosphors are also highlighted in order to give a clear distinction between these two long-lived luminescence phenomena. Key challenges, feasible improvements and perspectives of PersL working in the ultraviolent (UV), white, red and NIR (over 1000 nm) regions together with new charging concepts by NIR or visible-light lasers are also presented. It is hoped that this review could give new inspiration for the future development of PersL in emerging applications.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.jlumin.2018.09.047

Cites

8 of 8 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 8 references

Research works printed but not linked: 466

  1. Hölsä, 2009, Persistent luminescence beats the afterglow: 400 years of persistent luminescence, Electrochem. Soc. Interface, 4, 42, 10.1149/2.F06094IF · DOI · Paper page
  2. Wiedemann, 1888, Uber fluorescenz und phosphorescenz, Ann. Phys., 34, 446, 10.1002/andp.18882700703 · DOI
  3. Lastusaari, 2012, The Bologna Stone: history's first persistent luminescent material, Eur. J. Mineral., 24, 885, 10.1127/0935-1221/2012/0024-2224 · DOI
  4. Hoogenstraaten, 1953, Some properties of zinc sulfide activated with copper and cobalt, J. Electrochem. Soc., 100, 366, 10.1149/1.2781134 · doi:10.1149/1.2781134
  5. Smet, 2010, Luminescence in sulfides: a rich history and a bright future, Materials, 3, 2834, 10.3390/ma3042834 · DOI · Paper page
  6. Sidot, 1866, Recherches sur la crystallisation de quelque sulphures métalliques et sur les propriétés de la blende hexagonale, Comptes Rendus Acad. Sci., 62, 999
  7. Lenard, 1928, vol. 23
  8. Matsuzawa, 1996, A new long phosphorescent phosphor with high brightness, SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+, J. Electrochem. Soc., 143, 2670, 10.1149/1.1837067 · DOI · Paper page
  9. Smet, 2014, Persistent luminescence in nitride and oxynitride phosphors: a review, Opt. Mater., 36, 1913, 10.1016/j.optmat.2014.05.026 · doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2014.05.026
  10. Rojas-Hernandez, 2018, Long lasting phosphors: SrAl2O4:Eu, Dy as the most studied material, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 81, 2759, 10.1016/j.rser.2017.06.081 · DOI
  11. Bünzli, 2017, Rising stars in science and technology: luminescent lanthanide materials, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2017, 5058, 10.1002/ejic.201701201 · doi:10.1002/ejic.201701201
  12. Yamamoto, 1997, Mechanism of long phosphorescence of SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ and CaAl2O4:Eu2+, Nd3+, J. Lumin., 72–74, 287, 10.1016/S0022-2313(97)00012-4 · DOI · Paper page
  13. Lin, 2001, Preparation of long-afterglow Sr4Al14O25-based luminescent material and its optical properties, Mater. Lett., 51, 14, 10.1016/S0167-577X(01)00257-9 · doi:10.1016/s0167-577x(01)00257-9
  14. Lin, 2002, Anomalous luminescence in Sr4Al14O25:Eu, Dy phosphors, Appl. Phys. Lett., 81, 996, 10.1063/1.1490631 · doi:10.1063/1.1490631
  15. Lin, 2001, Preparation of a new long afterglow blue-emitting Sr2MgSi2O7-based photoluminescent phosphor, J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 20, 1505, 10.1023/A:1017930630889 · doi:10.1023/a:1017930630889
  16. Botterman, 2015, Persistent phosphor SrAl2O4:Eu, Dy in outdoor conditions: saved by the trap distribution, Opt. Express, 23, A868, 10.1364/OE.23.00A868 · doi:10.1364/oe.23.00a868
  17. Wang, 2003, Characterization and properties of a red and orange Y2O2S-based long afterglow phosphor, Mater. Chem. Phys., 80, 1, 10.1016/S0254-0584(02)00097-4 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Kang, 2003, Synthesis and luminescent properties of a new yellowish-orange afterglow phosphor Y2O2S:Ti, Mg, Chem. Mater., 15, 3966, 10.1021/cm0344212 · doi:10.1021/cm0344212
  19. Wang, 2006, Characterization of Y2O2S:Eu3+, Mg2+, Ti4+ long-lasting phosphor synthesized by flux method, J. Rare Earths, 24, 25, 10.1016/S1002-0721(06)60059-8 · doi:10.1016/s1002-0721(06)60059-8
  20. Yuan, 2007, Effects of doping ions on afterglow properties of Y2O2S:Eu phosphors, Opt. Mater., 30, 535, 10.1016/j.optmat.2006.06.024 · doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2006.06.024
  21. Zhang, 2004, A new method to synthesize long afterglow red phosphor, Ceram. Int., 30, 225, 10.1016/S0272-8842(03)00093-2 · doi:10.1016/s0272-8842(03)00093-2
  22. Jia, 2000, Trapping processes in CaS:Eu2+, Tm3+, J. Appl. Phys., 88, 3402, 10.1063/1.1286419 · doi:10.1063/1.1286419
  23. Jia, 2000, Trapping centers in CaS:Bi3+ and CaS:Eu2+, Tm3+, J. Electrochem. Soc., 147, 386, 10.1149/1.1393205 · doi:10.1149/1.1393205
  24. Jia, 2006, Enhancement of long-persistence by Ce co-doping in CaS:Eu2+, Tm3+ red phosphor, J. Electrochem. Soc., 153, H198, 10.1149/1.2337087 · doi:10.1149/1.2337087
  25. Poelman, 2010, Photometry in the dark: time dependent visibility of low intensity light sources, Opt. Express, 18, 26293, 10.1364/OE.18.026293 · doi:10.1364/oe.18.026293
  26. Le Masne de Chermont, 2007, Nanoprobes with near-infrared persistent luminescence for in vivo imaging, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 104, 9266, 10.1073/pnas.0702427104 · DOI · Paper page
  27. Rust, 2006, Sub-diffraction-limit imaging by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), Nat. Methods, 3, 793, 10.1038/nmeth929 · DOI · Paper page
  28. Zong, 2017, Fast high-resolution miniature two-photon microscopy for brain imaging in freely behaving mice, Nat. Methods, 14, 713, 10.1038/nmeth.4305 · DOI · Paper page
  29. Weissleder, 2008, Imaging in the era of molecular oncology, Nature, 452, 580, 10.1038/nature06917 · DOI · Paper page
  30. Smith, 2017, Nanomaterials for in vivo imaging, Chem. Rev., 117, 901, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00073 · DOI · Paper page
  31. Brenner, 2007, Computed tomography-an increasing source of radiation exposure, N. Engl. J. Med., 357, 2277, 10.1056/NEJMra072149 · DOI · Paper page
  32. Kobayashi, 2010, New strategies for fluorescent probe design in medical diagnostic imaging, Chem. Rev., 110, 2620, 10.1021/cr900263j · DOI · Paper page
  33. Yao, 2014, Chemistry, biology, and medicine of fluorescent nanomaterials and related systems: new insights into biosensing, bioimaging, genomics, diagnostics, and therapy, Chem. Rev., 114, 6130, 10.1021/cr200359p · DOI · Paper page
  34. Martinić, 2017, Near-infrared emitting probes for biological imaging: organic fluorophores, quantum dots, fluorescent proteins, lanthanide(III) complexes and nanomaterials, J. Lumin., 189, 19, 10.1016/j.jlumin.2016.09.058 · DOI · Paper page
  35. Jaque, 2016, Inorganic nanoparticles for optical bioimaging, Adv. Opt. Photonics, 8, 1, 10.1364/AOP.8.000001 · DOI · Paper page
  36. Montalti, 2014, Dye-doped silica nanoparticles as luminescent organized systems for nanomedicine, Chem. Soc. Rev., 43, 4243, 10.1039/C3CS60433K · DOI · Paper page
  37. Luo, 2011, A review of NIR dyes in cancer targeting and imaging, Biomaterials, 32, 7127, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.06.024 · DOI · Paper page
  38. Shaner, 2005, A guide to choosing fluorescent proteins, Nat. Methods, 2, 905, 10.1038/nmeth819 · DOI · Paper page
  39. Giepmans, 2006, The fluorescent toolbox for assessing protein location and function, Science, 312, 217, 10.1126/science.1124618 · DOI · Paper page
  40. Iijima, 1991, Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon, Nature, 354, 56, 10.1038/354056a0 · DOI · Paper page
  41. Hong, 2012, Multifunctional in vivo vascular imaging using near-infrared II fluorescence, Nat. Med., 18, 1841, 10.1038/nm.2995 · DOI · Paper page
  42. Hong, 2014, Through-skull fluorescence imaging of the brain in a new near-infrared window, Nat. Photonics, 8, 723, 10.1038/nphoton.2014.166 · DOI · Paper page
  43. Hong, 2015, Carbon nanomaterials for biological imaging and nanomedicinal therapy, Chem. Rev., 115, 10816, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00008 · DOI · Paper page
  44. Hong, 2017, Near-infrared fluorophores for biomedical imaging, Nat. Biomed. Eng., 1, 1, 10.1038/s41551-016-0010 · DOI · Paper page
  45. Diao, 2015, Fluorescence imaging in vivo at wavelengths beyond 1500 nm, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 54, 14758, 10.1002/anie.201507473 · DOI · Paper page
  46. Chen, 2018, Recent advances in tracking the transplanted stem cells using near‐infrared fluorescent nanoprobes: turning from the first to the second near-infrared window, Adv. Healthc. Mater., 7, 1800497, 10.1002/adhm.201800497 · DOI
  47. Bruchez, 1998, Semiconductor nanocrystals as fluorescent biological labels, Science, 281, 2013, 10.1126/science.281.5385.2013 · DOI · Paper page
  48. Chan, 1998, Quantum dot bioconjugates for ultrasensitive nonisotopic detection, Science, 281, 2016, 10.1126/science.281.5385.2016 · DOI · Paper page
  49. Gao, 2004, In vivo cancer targeting and imaging with semiconductor quantum dots, Nat. Biotechnol., 22, 969, 10.1038/nbt994 · DOI · Paper page
  50. Michalet, 2005, Quantum dots for live cells, in vivo imaging, and diagnostics, Science, 307, 538, 10.1126/science.1104274 · DOI · Paper page
  51. So, 2006, Self-illuminating quantum dot conjugates for in vivo imaging, Nat. Biotechnol., 24, 339, 10.1038/nbt1188 · DOI · Paper page
  52. Resch-Genger, 2008, Quantum dots versus organic dyes as fluorescent labels, Nat. Methods, 5, 763, 10.1038/nmeth.1248 · DOI · Paper page
  53. Zhou, 2015, Toward biocompatible semiconductor quantum dots: from biosynthesis and bioconjugation to biomedical application, Chem. Rev., 115, 11669, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00049 · DOI · Paper page
  54. Zhang, 2012, Ag2S quantum dot: a bright and biocompatible fluorescent nanoprobe in the second near-infrared window, ACS Nano, 6, 3695, 10.1021/nn301218z · DOI · Paper page
  55. Bünzli, 2005, Taking advantage of luminescent lanthanide ions, Chem. Soc. Rev., 34, 1048, 10.1039/b406082m · DOI · Paper page
  56. Bünzli, 2010, Lanthanide luminescence for biomedical analyses and imaging, Chem. Rev., 110, 2729, 10.1021/cr900362e · DOI · Paper page
  57. Bünzli, 2016, Lanthanide light for biology and medical diagnosis, J. Lumin., 170, 866, 10.1016/j.jlumin.2015.07.033 · doi:10.1016/j.jlumin.2015.07.033
  58. Escudero, 2017, Rare earth based nanostructured materials: synthesis, functionalization, properties and bioimaging and biosensing applications, Nanophotonics, 6, 881, 10.1515/nanoph-2017-0007 · DOI · Paper page
  59. del Rosal, 2015, Neodymium-doped nanoparticles for infrared fluorescence bioimaging: the role of the host, J. Appl. Phys., 118, 143104, 10.1063/1.4932669 · DOI
  60. del Rosal, 2017, Nd3+ ions in nanomedicine: perspectives and applications, Opt. Mater., 63, 185, 10.1016/j.optmat.2016.06.004 · DOI
  61. Liu, 2017, 808-nm-light-excited lanthanide-doped nanoparticles: rational design, luminescence control and theranostic applications, Adv. Mater., 29, 1605434, 10.1002/adma.201605434 · DOI · Paper page
  62. Zhong, 2017, Boosting the down-shifting luminescence of rare-earth nanocrystals for biological imaging beyond 1500 nm, Nat. Commun., 8, 1, 10.1038/s41467-017-00917-6 · DOI · Paper page
  63. Auzel, 2004, Upconversion and anti-stokes processes with f and d ions in solids, Chem. Rev., 104, 139, 10.1021/cr020357g · DOI · Paper page
  64. Wang, 2009, Recent advances in the chemistry of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanocrystals, Chem. Soc. Rev., 38, 976, 10.1039/b809132n · DOI · Paper page
  65. Liu, 2013, Lanthanide-doped luminescent nanoprobes: controlled synthesis, optical spectroscopy, and bioapplications, Chem. Soc. Rev., 42, 6924, 10.1039/c3cs60060b · DOI · Paper page
  66. Dong, 2015, Lanthanide nanoparticles: from design toward bioimaging and therapy, Chem. Rev., 115, 10725, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00091 · DOI · Paper page
  67. Zhou, 2018, Impact of lanthanide nanomaterials on photonic devices and smart applications, Small, 14, 1801882, 10.1002/smll.201801882 · DOI · Paper page
  68. Hemmer, 2017, Optical nanoprobes for biomedical applications: shining a light on upconverting and near-infrared emitting nanoparticles for imaging, thermal sensing, and photodynamic therapy, J. Mater. Chem. B, 5, 4365, 10.1039/C7TB00403F · DOI · Paper page
  69. Hemmer, 2013, Upconverting and NIR emitting rare earth based nanostructures for NIR-bioimaging, Nanoscale, 5, 11339, 10.1039/c3nr02286b · DOI · Paper page
  70. Hemmer, 2016, Exploiting the biological windows: current perspectives on fluorescent bioprobes emitting above 1000 nm, Nanoscale Horiz., 1, 168, 10.1039/C5NH00073D · DOI · Paper page
  71. Liu, 2017, Amplified stimulated emission in upconversion nanoparticles for super-resolution nanoscopy, Nature, 543, 229, 10.1038/nature21366 · doi:10.1038/nature21366
  72. Liu, 2018, Er3+ sensitized 1530 nm to 1180 nm second near-infrared window upconversion nanocrystals for in vivo biosensing, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 57, 7518, 10.1002/anie.201802889 · DOI · Paper page
  73. Fan, 2018, Lifetime engineered NIR-II nanoparticles unlock multiplexed in vivo imaging, Nat. Nanotechnol., 10.1038/s41565-018-0221-0 · DOI · Paper page
  74. Yong, 2013, Nanotoxicity assessment of quantum dots: from cellular to primate studies, Chem. Soc. Rev., 42, 1236, 10.1039/C2CS35392J · DOI · Paper page
  75. del Rosal, 2016, In vivo autofluorescence in the biological windows: the role of pigmentation, J. Biophotonics, 9, 1059, 10.1002/jbio.201500271 · DOI
  76. Maldiney, 2014, The in vivo activation of persistent nanophosphors for optical imaging of vascularization, tumours and grafted cells, Nat. Mater., 13, 418, 10.1038/nmat3908 · DOI · Paper page
  77. Eeckhout, 2010, Persistent luminescence in Eu2+-doped compounds: a review, Materials, 3, 2536, 10.3390/ma3042536 · DOI · Paper page
  78. Eeckhout, 2013, Persistent luminescence in non-Eu2+-doped compounds: a review, Materials, 6, 2789, 10.3390/ma6072789 · DOI · Paper page
  79. Brito, 2012, Persistent luminescence mechanisms: human imagination at work, Opt. Mater. Express, 2, 371, 10.1364/OME.2.000371 · DOI · Paper page
  80. Singh, 2014, Red and near infrared persistent luminescence nano-probes for bioimaging and targeting applications, RSC Adv., 4, 58674, 10.1039/C4RA08847F · DOI · Paper page
  81. Zhuang, 2014, A brief review on red to near-infrared persistent luminescence in transition-metal-activated phosphors, Opt. Mater., 36, 1907, 10.1016/j.optmat.2014.05.035 · doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2014.05.035
  82. Li, 2016, Long persistent phosphors-from fundamentals to applications, Chem. Soc. Rev., 45, 2090, 10.1039/C5CS00582E · DOI · Paper page
  83. Viana, 2016, Long term in vivo imaging with Cr3+ doped spinel nanoparticles exhibiting persistent luminescence, J. Lumin., 170, 879, 10.1016/j.jlumin.2015.09.014 · DOI
  84. Lécuyer, 2016, Chemically engineered persistent luminescence nanoprobes for bioimaging, Theranostics, 6, 2488, 10.7150/thno.16589 · DOI · Paper page
  85. Huang, 2015, Inorganic lanthanide nanoprobes for background-free luminescent bioassays, Sci. China Mater., 58, 156, 10.1007/s40843-015-0019-4 · DOI
  86. Nakanishi, 2015, Preparation of europium-activated SrAl2O4 glass composites using the frozen sorbet technique, J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn., 123, 862, 10.2109/jcersj2.123.862 · doi:10.2109/jcersj2.123.862
  87. Ueda, 2015, Analysis of optoelectronic properties and development of new persistent phosphor in Ce3+-doped garnet ceramics, J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn., 123, 1059, 10.2109/jcersj2.123.1059 · doi:10.2109/jcersj2.123.1059
  88. Katayama, 2017, Red to near-infrared persistent luminescence in transition metal ion activated phosphors, J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn., 125, 793, 10.2109/jcersj2.17109 · DOI
  89. Jain, 2016, Persistent luminescence: an insight, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 65, 135, 10.1016/j.rser.2016.06.081 · DOI
  90. Wang, 2017, Recent progress in biomedical applications of persistent luminescence nanoparticles, Naonoscale, 9, 6204, 10.1039/C7NR01488K · DOI · Paper page
  91. Liu, 2017, Biosensor detection and imaging based on persistent luminescence nanoprobe, Prog. Chem., 29, 667
  92. Arras, 2018, The world needs new colors: cutting edge mobility focusing on long persistent luminescence materials, ChemPhotoChem, 2, 55, 10.1002/cptc.201700215 · doi:10.1002/cptc.201700215
  93. Sun, 2018, Engineering persistent luminescence nanoparticles for biological applications: from biosensing/bioimaging to theranostics, Acc. Chem. Res., 51, 1131, 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00619 · DOI · Paper page
  94. Smet, 2015, Persistent phosphors, 10.1016/B978-0-444-63483-2.00001-6 · DOI
  95. Maldiney, 2012, Persistent luminescence nanoparticles for diagnostics and imaging, 10.1021/bk-2012-1113.ch001 · DOI
  96. Peng, 2014, An introduction to the 2nd international workshop on persistent and photostimulable phosphors (IWPPP 2013), Opt. Mater., 36, 1769, 10.1016/j.optmat.2014.06.008 · doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2014.06.008
  97. Bessière, 2011, ZnGa2O4:Cr3+: a new red long-lasting phosphor with high brightness, Opt. Express, 19, 10131, 10.1364/OE.19.010131 · DOI
  98. Pan, 2012, Sunlight-activated long-persistent luminescence in the near-infrared from Cr3+-doped zinc gallogermanates, Nat. Mater., 11, 58, 10.1038/nmat3173 · DOI · Paper page
  99. Allix, 2013, Considerable improvement of long-persistent luminescence in germanium and tin substituted ZnGa2O4, Chem. Mater., 25, 1600, 10.1021/cm304101n · DOI · Paper page
  100. Smet, 2016, Feature issue introduction: persistent and photostimulable phosphors-an established research field with clear challenges ahead, Opt. Mater. Express, 6, 1414, 10.1364/OME.6.001414 · doi:10.1364/ome.6.001414
  101. Smet, 2012, Focus issue introduction: persistent phosphors, Opt. Mater. Express, 2, 452, 10.1364/OME.2.000452 · doi:10.1364/ome.2.000452
  102. Ueda, 2014, Bright persistent ceramic phosphors of Ce3+-Cr3+-codoped garnet able to store by blue light, Appl. Phys. Lett., 104, 101904, 10.1063/1.4868138 · doi:10.1063/1.4868138
  103. Xu, 2015, Fabrication of Ce3+-Cr3+ co-doped yttrium aluminium gallium garnet transparent ceramic phosphors with super long persistent luminescence, Scr. Mater., 102, 47, 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.01.029 · doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.01.029
  104. Katayama, 2017, Thermoluminescence investigation on Y3Al5-xGaxO12:Ce3+-Bi3+ green persistent phosphors, J. Lumin., 183, 355, 10.1016/j.jlumin.2016.11.074 · doi:10.1016/j.jlumin.2016.11.074
  105. Lv, 2017, Discovery of the Yb2+-Yb3+ couple as red-to-NIR persistent luminescence emitters in Yb-activated (Ba1−xSrx)AlSi5O2N7 phosphors, J. Mater. Chem. C, 5, 7095, 10.1039/C7TC01600J · doi:10.1039/c7tc01600j
  106. Wang, 2016, Superlong and color-tunable red persistent luminescence and photostimulated luminescence properties of NaCa2GeO4F:Mn2+,Yb3+ phosphor, Inorg. Chem., 55, 12822, 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02136 · doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02136
  107. Zou, 2016, A vivid example of turning waste into treasure: persistent luminescence of Ca2Ga2(Si,Ge)O7:Pr3+,Yb3+ phosphor tailored by band gap engineering, J. Mater. Chem. C, 4, 10026, 10.1039/C6TC03453E · doi:10.1039/c6tc03453e
  108. Wang, 2017, How to design ultraviolet emitting persistent materials for potential multifunctional applications: a living example of a NaLuGeO4:Bi3+, Eu3+ phosphor, J. Mater. Chem. C, 5, 4310, 10.1039/C6TC05598B · doi:10.1039/c6tc05598b
  109. Lin, 2015, Bandgap tailoring via Si doping in inverse-garnet Mg3Y2Ge3O12:Ce3+ persistent phosphor potentially applicable in AC-LED, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 7, 21835, 10.1021/acsami.5b06071 · doi:10.1021/acsami.5b06071
  110. Lin, 2016, Lu2CaMg2(Si1-x Gex)3O12:Ce3+ solid-solution phosphors: bandgap engineering for blue-light activated afterglow applicable to AC-LED, J. Mater. Chem. C, 4, 10329, 10.1039/C6TC03818B · doi:10.1039/c6tc03818b
  111. Ma, 2018, Self-reduction of Yb3+ to Yb2+ and red persistent luminescence of Na2CaGe2O6:Yb2+ phosphor, Ceram. Int., 44, 14582, 10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.05.078 · doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.05.078
  112. Norrbo, 2017, Lanthanide and heavy metal free long white persistent luminescence from Ti doped Li-hackmanite: a versatile, low-cost material, Adv. Funct. Mater., 27, 1606547, 10.1002/adfm.201606547 · doi:10.1002/adfm.201606547
  113. de Carvalho, 2018, Persistent luminescence warm-light LEDs based on Ti-doped RE2O2S materials prepared by rapid and energy-saving microwave-assisted synthesis, J. Mater. Chem. C, 6, 8897, 10.1039/C8TC01826J · DOI
  114. Nikl, 2015, Recent R&D trends in inorganic single-crystal scintillator materials for radiation detection, Adv. Opt. Mater., 3, 463, 10.1002/adom.201400571 · DOI · Paper page
  115. Dujardin, 2018, Needs, trends and advances in inorganic scintillators, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., 9499, 2
  116. Qin, 2017, Lanthanide-activated phosphors based on 4f-5d optical transitions: theoretical and experimental aspects, Chem. Rev., 117, 4488, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00691 · DOI · Paper page
  117. Weber, 2002, Inorganic scintillators: today and tomorrow, J. Lumin., 100, 35, 10.1016/S0022-2313(02)00423-4 · DOI · Paper page
  118. Lecoq, 2016, Development of new scintillators for medical applications, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A, 809, 130, 10.1016/j.nima.2015.08.041 · DOI · Paper page
  119. Clabau, 2005, Mechanism of phosphorescence appropriate for the long-lasting phosphors Eu2+-doped SrAl2O4 with codopants Dy3+ and B3+, Chem. Mater., 17, 3904, 10.1021/cm050763r · DOI · Paper page
  120. Clabau, 2006, Formulation of phosphorescence mechanisms in inorganic solids based on a new model of defect conglomeration, Chem. Mater., 18, 3212, 10.1021/cm052728q · doi:10.1021/cm052728q
  121. Bos, 2017, Thermoluminescence as a research tool to investigate luminescence mechanisms, Materials, 10, 1357, 10.3390/ma10121357 · doi:10.3390/ma10121357
  122. Zhuang, 2018, Optical data storage and multicolor emission readout on flexible films using deep-trap persistent luminescence materials, Adv. Funct. Mater., 28, 1705769, 10.1002/adfm.201705769 · DOI · Paper page
  123. Zhuang, 2018, Trap depth engineering of SrSi2O2N2:Ln2+,Ln3+ (Ln2+=Yb, Eu; Ln3+=Dy, Ho, Er) persistent luminescence materials for information storage applications, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 10, 1854, 10.1021/acsami.7b17271 · DOI · Paper page
  124. Li, 2018, Tailoring trap depth and emission wavelength in Y3Al5-xGaxO12;Ce3+,V3+ phosphor-in-glass films for optical information storage, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 10, 27150, 10.1021/acsami.8b10713 · DOI
  125. Wang, 2018, Long persistent and photo-stimulated luminescence in Pr3+-doped layered perovskite phosphor for optical data storage, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 101, 4598, 10.1111/jace.15703 · DOI
  126. Wang, 2018, Trap distribution tailoring guided design of super-long-persistent phosphor Ba2SiO4:Eu2+,Ho3+and photostimulable luminescence for optical information storage, J. Mater. Chem. C, 6, 6058, 10.1039/C8TC01722K · doi:10.1039/c8tc01722k
  127. Xu, 2018, Toward rechargeable persistent luminescence for the first and third biological windows via persistent energy transfer and electron trap redistribution, Inorg. Chem., 57, 5194, 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00218 · doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00218
  128. Rodríguez Burbano, 2015, Persistent and photostimulated red emission in CaS:Eu2+,Dy3+ Nanophosphors, Adv. Opt. Mater., 3, 551, 10.1002/adom.201400562 · DOI
  129. Sharma, 2017, Persistent luminescence induced by near infra-red photostimulation in chromium-doped zinc gallate for in vivo optical imaging, Opt. Mater., 63, 51, 10.1016/j.optmat.2016.06.053 · DOI
  130. Wang, 2016, Structure, photoluminescence and abnormal thermal quenching behavior of Eu2+-doped Na3Sc2(PO4)3: a novel blue-emitting phosphor for n-UV LEDs, J. Mater. Chem. C, 4, 8795, 10.1039/C6TC01049K · doi:10.1039/c6tc01049k
  131. Kim, 2017, A zero-thermal-quenching phosphor, Nat. Mater., 16, 543, 10.1038/nmat4843 · DOI · Paper page
  132. Fan, 2018, Achieving long-term zero-thermal-quenching with the assistance of carriers from deep traps, J. Mater. Chem. C, 6, 2978, 10.1039/C8TC00511G · DOI
  133. Liu, 2018, Effects of the deep traps on the thermal-stability property of CaAl2O4: Eu2+ phosphor, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 101, 3480, 10.1111/jace.15532 · doi:10.1111/jace.15532
  134. Ji, 2018, Improving quantum efficiency and thermal stability in blue-emitting Ba2-xSrxSiO4:Ce3+ phosphor via solid solution, Chem. Mater., 30, 5137, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b01652 · doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b01652
  135. Qiao, 2018, Eu2+ site preferences in the mixed cation K2BaCa(PO4)2 and thermally stable luminescence, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 140, 9730, 10.1021/jacs.8b06021 · DOI · Paper page
  136. Aitasalo, 2003, Persistent luminescence phenomena in materials doped with rare earth ions, J. Solid State Chem., 171, 114, 10.1016/S0022-4596(02)00194-9 · DOI · Paper page
  137. Hölsä, 2009, Persistent luminescence – Quo vadis?, J. Lumin., 129, 1606, 10.1016/j.jlumin.2008.12.027 · doi:10.1016/j.jlumin.2008.12.027
  138. Ueda, 2015, Control of electron transfer between Ce3+ and Cr3+ in the Y3Al5-xGaxO12 host via conduction band engineering, J. Mater. Chem. C, 3, 5642, 10.1039/C5TC00546A · doi:10.1039/c5tc00546a
  139. Hu, 2018, Near-infrared rechargeable “optical battery” implant for irradiation-free photodynamic therapy, Biomaterials, 163, 154, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.02.029 · DOI
  140. Randall, 1945, Phosphorescence and electron traps. I. The study of trap distributions, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A, 184, 365, 10.1098/rspa.1945.0024 · doi:10.1098/rspa.1945.0024
  141. Randall, 1945, Phosphorescence and electron traps. II. The interpretation of long-period phosphorescence, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A, 184, 390, 10.1098/rspa.1945.0025 · doi:10.1098/rspa.1945.0025
  142. Bünzli, 2018, Lanthanide mechanoluminescence, J. Rare Earths, 36, 1, 10.1016/j.jre.2017.09.005 · doi:10.1016/j.jre.2017.09.005
  143. Feng, 2018, A review of mechanoluminescence in inorganic solids: compounds, Mechanisms, models and applications, Materials, 11, 484, 10.3390/ma11040484 · DOI · Paper page
  144. Dorenbos, 2000, The 5d level positions of the trivalent lanthanides in inorganic compounds, J. Lumin., 91, 155, 10.1016/S0022-2313(00)00229-5 · doi:10.1016/s0022-2313(00)00229-5
  145. Dorenbos, 2003, Relation between Eu2+ and Ce3+ f↔d-transition energies in inorganic compounds, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 15, 4797
  146. Dorenbos, 2003, Energy of the first 4f7→4f65d transition of Eu2+ in inorganic compounds, J. Lumin., 104, 239, 10.1016/S0022-2313(03)00078-4 · DOI
  147. Dorenbos, 2003, Systematic behaviour in trivalent lanthanide charge transfer energies, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 15, 8417
  148. Dorenbos, 2005, The Eu3+ charge transfer energy and the relation with the band gap of compounds, J. Lumin., 111, 89, 10.1016/j.jlumin.2004.07.003 · doi:10.1016/j.jlumin.2004.07.003
  149. Dorenbos, 2012, Electronic structure engineering of lanthanide activated materials, J. Mater. Chem., 22, 22344, 10.1039/c2jm34252a · doi:10.1039/c2jm34252a
  150. Dorenbos, 2012, Modeling the chemical shift of lanthanide 4f electron binding energies, Phys. Rev. B, 85, 165107, 10.1103/PhysRevB.85.165107 · DOI · Paper page
  151. Dorenbos, 2013, Determining binding energies of valence-band electrons in insulators and semiconductors via lanthanide spectroscopy, Phys. Rev. B, 37, 035118, 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.035118 · doi:10.1103/physrevb.87.035118
  152. Dorenbos, 2013, A review on how lanthanide impurity levels change with chemistry and structure of inorganic compounds, ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol., 2, R3001, 10.1149/2.001302jss · DOI · Paper page
  153. Jia, 1998, Phosphorescent dynamics in SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ single crystal fibers, J. Lumin., 76–77, 424, 10.1016/S0022-2313(97)00230-5 · doi:10.1016/s0022-2313(97)00230-5
  154. Tanabe, 1996, Appearance of light-storage rare earth aluminate phosphors and their optical properties, New Ceram., 9, 27
  155. Takasaki, 1996, Long-lasting afterglow characteristics of Eu, Dy codoped SrO-Al2O3 phosphor, J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn., 104, 322, 10.2109/jcersj.104.322 · doi:10.2109/jcersj.104.322
  156. Korthout, 2011, Luminescence and x-ray absorption measurements of persistent SrAl2O4:Eu,Dy powders: evidence for valence state changes, Phys. Rev. B, 84, 085140, 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.085140 · doi:10.1103/physrevb.84.085140
  157. Carlson, 2009, X-ray absorption study of rare earth ions in Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu2+,R3+ persistent luminescence materials, Opt. Mater., 31, 1877, 10.1016/j.optmat.2008.12.020 · doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2008.12.020
  158. Lastusaari, 2014, Valences of dopants in Eu2+ persistent luminescence materials, Phys. Scr., 89, 044004, 10.1088/0031-8949/89/04/044004 · doi:10.1088/0031-8949/89/04/044004
  159. Ueda, 2012, Optical and optoelectronic analysis of persistent luminescence in Eu2+-Dy3+ codoped SrAl2O4 ceramic phosphor, Phys. Status Solidi C, 12, 2322, 10.1002/pssc.201200299 · doi:10.1002/pssc.201200299
  160. Finley, 2018, Intrinsic defects drive persistent luminescence in monoclinic SrAl2O4:Eu2+, J. Phys. Chem. C, 122, 16309, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b04378 · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b04378
  161. Vitola, 2018, The search for defects in undoped SrAl2O4 material, Opt. Mater.
  162. Ueda, 2015, Insight into the thermal quenching mechanism for Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ through thermoluminescence excitation spectroscopy, J. Phys. Chem. C, 119, 25003, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b08828 · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b08828
  163. Ueda, 2017, Thermal ionization and thermally activated crossover quenching processes for 5d−4f luminescence in Y3Al5−xGaxO12:Pr3+, Phys. Rev. B, 95, 014303, 10.1103/PhysRevB.95.014303 · doi:10.1103/physrevb.95.014303
  164. Ueda, 2018, Thermal quenching mechanism of CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ red phosphor, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 91, 173, 10.1246/bcsj.20170307 · doi:10.1246/bcsj.20170307
  165. Sontakke, 2016, A comparison on Ce3+ luminescence in borate glass and YAG ceramic-understanding the role of host's characteristics, J. Phys. Chem. C, 120, 17683, 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b04159 · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b04159
  166. Sontakke, 2015, Role of electron transfer in Ce3+ sensitized Yb3+ luminescence in borate glass, J. Appl. Phys., 117, 013105, 10.1063/1.4905317 · doi:10.1063/1.4905317
  167. Sontakke, 2016, Significance of host's intrinsic absorption band tailing on Ce3+ luminescence quantum yield in borate glass, J. Lumin., 170, 785, 10.1016/j.jlumin.2015.09.024 · doi:10.1016/j.jlumin.2015.09.024
  168. Botterman, 2014, Trapping and detrapping in SrAl2O4:Eu,Dy persistent phosphors: influence of excitation wavelength and temperature, Phys. Rev. B, 90, 085147, 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.085147 · DOI
  169. Dobrowolska, 2014, Electron tunneling phenomena in YPO4:Ce,Ln (Ln = Er, Ho, Nd, Dy), J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 47, 335301, 10.1088/0022-3727/47/33/335301 · doi:10.1088/0022-3727/47/33/335301
  170. Avouris, 1981, A tunneling model for the decay of luminescence in inorganic phosphors: the case of Zn2SiO4:Mn, J. Chem. Phys., 74, 4347, 10.1063/1.441677 · doi:10.1063/1.441677
  171. Vedda, 2018, Tunneling recombinations in scintillators, phosphors, and dosimeters, Radiat. Meas., 10.1016/j.radmeas.2018.08.003 · doi:10.1016/j.radmeas.2018.08.003
  172. Huntley, 2006, An explanation of the power-law decay of luminescence, J. Phys.: Condens. Mater., 18, 1359
  173. Xu, 2017, Toward tunable and bright deep-red persistent luminescence of Cr3+ in garnets, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 100, 4033, 10.1111/jace.14942 · DOI
  174. Dorenbos, 2005, Mechanism of persistent luminescence in Eu2+ and Dy3+ codoped aluminate and silicate compounds, J. Electrochem. Soc., 152, H107, 10.1149/1.1926652 · doi:10.1149/1.1926652
  175. Dorenbos, 2000, The 4fn↔4fn-15d transitions of the trivalent lanthanides in halogenides and chalcogenides, J. Lumin., 91, 91, 10.1016/S0022-2313(00)00197-6 · doi:10.1016/s0022-2313(00)00197-6
  176. Dorenbos, 2002, Relating the energy of the [Xe]5d1 configuration of Ce3+ in inorganic compounds with anion polarizability and cation electronegativity, Phys. Rev. B, 65, 235110, 10.1103/PhysRevB.65.235110 · DOI
  177. Dorenbos, 2003, f→d transition energies of divalent lanthanides in inorganic compounds, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 15, 575
  178. Dorenbos, 2003, Exchange and crystal field effects on the 4fn-15d levels of Tb3+, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 15, 6249
  179. Dorenbos, 2005, Valence stability of lanthanide ions in inorganic compounds, Chem. Mater., 17, 6452, 10.1021/cm051456o · doi:10.1021/cm051456o
  180. Dorenbos, 2013, Ce3+ 5d-centroid shift and vacuum referred 4f-electron binding energies of all lanthanide impurities in 150 different compounds, J. Lumin., 135, 93, 10.1016/j.jlumin.2012.09.034 · DOI · Paper page
  181. Dorenbos, 2017, Charge transfer bands in optical materials and related defect level locations, Opt. Mater., 69, 8, 10.1016/j.optmat.2017.03.061 · DOI
  182. Asami, 2018, Development of persistent phosphor of Eu2+ doped Ba2SiO4 by Er3+ codoping based on vacuum referred binding energy diagram, Opt. Mater., 84, 436, 10.1016/j.optmat.2018.07.021 · doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2018.07.021
  183. Xu, 2015, Design of deep-red persistent phosphors of Gd3Al5-xGaxO12:Cr3+ transparent ceramics sensitized by Eu3+ as an electron trap using conduction band engineering, Opt. Mater. Express, 5, 710, 10.1364/OME.5.000963 · doi:10.1364/ome.5.000963
  184. Katayama, 2017, The role of Ln3+ (Ln = Eu, Yb) in persistent and luminescence in MgGeO3:Mn2+, J. Mater. Chem. C, 5, 8893, 10.1039/C7TC03151C · DOI
  185. Katayama, 2018, Enhanced persistent red luminescence in Mn2+-doped (Mg,Zn)GeO3 by electron trap and conduction band engineering, Opt. Mater., 79, 147, 10.1016/j.optmat.2018.03.033 · doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2018.03.033
  186. Ueda, 2018, Formation of deep electron traps by Yb3+ codoping leads to super-long persistent luminescence in Ce3+-doped yttrium aluminum gallium garnet phosphors, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 10, 20652, 10.1021/acsami.8b02758 · doi:10.1021/acsami.8b02758
  187. Wang, 2016, Theoretical method to select appropriate codopants as efficient foreign electron traps for Lu3Al2Ga3O12:Tb3+/Ln3+ persistent phosphor, Opt. Mater. Express, 6, 1186, 10.1364/OME.6.001186 · doi:10.1364/ome.6.001186
  188. Ueda, 2011, Analysis of Ce3+ luminescence quenching in solid solutions between Y3Al5O12 and Y3Ga5O12 by temperature dependence of photoconductivity measurement, J. Appl. Phys., 110, 053102, 10.1063/1.3632069 · doi:10.1063/1.3632069
  189. Fasoli, 2011, Band-gap engineering for removing shallow traps in rare-earth Lu3Al5O12 garnet scintillators using Ga3+ doping, Phys. Rev. B, 84, 081102, 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.081102 · DOI · Paper page
  190. Xia, 2017, Ce3+ doped garnet phosphors: composition, modification, luminescence properties and applications, Chem. Soc. Rev., 46, 275, 10.1039/C6CS00551A · DOI · Paper page
  191. Xia, 2016, Progress in materials science progress in discovery and structural design of color conversion phosphors for LEDs, Prog. Mater. Sci., 84, 59, 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2016.09.007 · DOI · Paper page
  192. Ye, 2010, Phosphors in phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes: recent advances in materials, techniques and properties, Mater. Sci. Eng. R-Rep., 71, 1, 10.1016/j.mser.2010.07.001 · DOI · Paper page
  193. Smet, 2011, Selecting conversion phosphors for white light-emitting diodes, J. Electrochem. Soc., 158, R37, 10.1149/1.3568524 · DOI · Paper page
  194. Lin, 2011, Advances in phosphors for light-emitting diodes, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2, 1268, 10.1021/jz2002452 · doi:10.1021/jz2002452
  195. Lin, 2016, Inorganic phosphor material for lighting, Top. Curr. Chem., 374, 21, 10.1007/s41061-016-0023-5 · doi:10.1007/s41061-016-0023-5
  196. Kamada, 2011, Composition engineering in cerium-doped (Lu,Gd)3(Ga,Al)5O12, Cryst. Growth Des., 11, 4484, 10.1021/cg200694a · doi:10.1021/cg200694a
  197. Ikesue, 2008, Ceramic laser materials, Nat. Photon., 2, 721, 10.1038/nphoton.2008.243 · doi:10.1038/nphoton.2008.243
  198. Li, 2013, The history, development, and future prospects for laser ceramics: a review, Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater., 39, 44, 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2012.10.010 · doi:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2012.10.010
  199. Dai, 2018, Promising magneto-optical ceramics for high power Faraday isolators, Scr. Mater., 155, 78, 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2018.06.031 · doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2018.06.031
  200. Taira, 2011, Domain-controlled laser ceramics toward giant micro-photonics, Opt. Mater. Express, 1, 1040, 10.1364/OME.1.001040 · doi:10.1364/ome.1.001040

200 of 466 shown

Cited by

See all 680

Metadata

Authors
Xu, J., & Tanabe, S.
Venue
Journal of Luminescence
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2019-01
Volume
205
Pages
581-620
ISSN
0022-2313 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jlumin.2018.09.047
OpenAlex
W2894447858
Cited by
680
References
8
FWCI
18.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
  • www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
  • www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Funders
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (16J09849, 18F18051, JP16H6441)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Persistent luminescence instead of phosphorescence: History, mechanism, and perspective. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.jlumin.2018.09.047
The paper
Xu, J., & Tanabe, S. (2019). Persistent luminescence instead of phosphorescence: History, mechanism, and perspective. Journal of Luminescence. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2018.09.047

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.