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Anxiety and depression in Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Antecedents, consequences, and differential impact on well-being and quality of life
Open accessAbstract
Background Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) are often plagued by the unpredictability of their disease and have to contend with uncertainty in their life and significant life changes. This can lead to high levels of stress, perceived lack of control, helplessness, and anxiety. Despite these circumstances, anxiety disorders are often overshadowed by depression, which can result in its presence being overlooked and undertreated by many medical professionals. Methods One hundred and eighty three individuals with MS completed a comprehensive online survey assessing depression and anxiety and the demographic and disease risk factors of such, including social support and substance use. Participants also completed measures of MS symptomatology, disease management, psychological well-being, and quality of life to determine the impact of depression and anxiety on outcomes associated with MS. Results Findings suggest that both depression and anxiety are prevalent in MS and related to many outcomes. However, based on comparisons of the associations and group comparisons, with a few exceptions, anxiety proved to more impactful than depression when examining these outcomes. When evaluating the risk factors/contributors of anxiety and depression, social support was a consistent predictor. Younger age and shorter disease duration were also associated with anxiety, while lower education and substance use were predictors of depression. Conclusion Findings suggest that attention to anxiety be given as much as depression as it plays a large role in individuals' perceived health and well-being, which subsequently impacts the severity of symptoms and overall quality of life. Early identification of anxiety and potential substance use and increased social support also appear to be crucial for mitigating the impact of depression and anxiety.
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“Furthermore, individuals with MS are at a heightened risk for mental health disorders, such as depression and various forms of anxiety, including death anxiety (DA), which is characterized by intense feelings of terror, fear, or excessive worry regarding the process of dying, severing connection with the world, or uncertainties about what happens after death.”
From Comparing the Effects of Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Quality of Life and Death Anxiety in Women With Multiple Sclerosis (2025) · cites this paper as [7]
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“These psychological disorders contribute to declined quality of life (QOL), which encompasses an individual's well-being, including physical, psychological, social, and environmental factors.”
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“However, the hereby confirms a correlation between the level of education and the severity of depression symptoms—individuals with a university education experience fewer symptoms of depression (Winiecka et al., 2016; Hanna and Strober, 2020).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Hanna, M., & Strober, L. B.
- Affiliations
- Montclair State University (US)
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- Corresponding author
- Strober, Lauren Beth
- ORCID
- Strober, Lauren Beth
- Venue
- Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-09
- Volume
- 44
- Pages
- 102261
- ISSN
- 2211-0348 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7719086
- OpenAlex
- W3033947017
- Cited by
- 202
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 38 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 23
- FWCI
- 12.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- multiple sclerosis, anxiety, depression, psychological well-being, quality of life, social support, substance use, disease duration, risk factors, symptom severity, early detection
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Depression, Humans, Multiple Sclerosis, Quality of Life
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