Metalloproteinase inhibition prevents inhibitory synapse reorganization and seizure genesis
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The integrity and stability of interneurons in a cortical network are essential for proper network function. Loss of interneuron synaptic stability and precise organization can lead to disruptions in the excitation/inhibition balance, a characteristic of epilepsy. This study aimed to identify alterations to the GABAergic interneuron network in the piriform cortex (PC: a cortical area believed to be involved in the development of seizures) after kindling-induced seizures. Immunohistochemistry was used to mark perineuronal nets (PNNs: structures in the extracellular matrix that provide synaptic stability and restrict reorganization of inhibitory interneurons) and interneuron nerve terminals in control and kindled tissues. We found that PNNs were significantly decreased around parvalbumin-positive interneurons after the induction of experimental epilepsy. Additionally, we found layer-specific increases in GABA release sites originating from calbindin, calretinin, and parvalbumin interneurons, implying that there is a re-wiring of the interneuronal network. This increase in release sites was matched by an increase in GABAergic post-synaptic densities. We hypothesized that the breakdown of the PNN could be due to the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and that the prevention of PNN breakdown may reduce the rewiring of interneuronal circuits and suppress seizures. To test this hypothesis we employed doxycycline, a broad spectrum MMP inhibitor, to stabilize PNNs in kindled rats. We found that doxycycline prevented PNN breakdown, re-organization of the inhibitory innervation, and seizure genesis. Our observations indicate that PNN degradation may be necessary for the development of seizures by facilitating interneuron plasticity and increased GABAergic activity.
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Perineuronal nets (PNN) regulate synaptic plasticity and rewiring of the network of interneurons.
“Importantly, PNN regulate the synaptic plasticity (Kochlamazashvili et al., 2010) and rewiring the network (Pollock et al., 2014) of the interneurons (Wen et al., 2018).”
From Disrupted structural connectivity in ArcAβ mouse model of Aβ amyloidosis (2020) · cites this paper as Pollock et al., 2014
Metalloproteinase inhibitors prevented seizures and MMP-9 knockout mice were less susceptible to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures.
“Moreover, metalloproteinase inhibitors prevented seizures51 and MMP-9 knockout mice were less susceptible to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures52.”
From Perineuronal nets decrease membrane capacitance of peritumoral fast spiking interneurons in a model of epilepsy (2018) · cites this paper as [51]
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- Authors
- Pollock, E., Everest, M., Brown, A., & Poulter, M. O.
- Affiliations
- Western University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Poulter, Michael O.
- Venue
- Neurobiology of Disease
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-10
- Volume
- 70
- Pages
- 21-31
- ISSN
- 0969-9961 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2038770782
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 6.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doaj.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neurobiology of Disease (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Epilepsy research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- matrix metalloproteinases, perineuronal nets, GABAergic interneurons, kindling, epilepsy, piriform cortex, doxycycline, parvalbumin interneurons, calbindin, calretinin, synaptic plasticity, excitation-inhibition balance, seizure genesis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Doxycycline, Extracellular Matrix, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Interneurons, Kindling, Neurologic, Male, Neural Inhibition, Neuronal Plasticity, Parvalbumins, Random Allocation, Seizures, Synapses, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Matrix Metalloproteinases, Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors, Calbindins, Calbindin 2
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