Effect of low-calorie versus low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet in type 2 diabetes

Hussain, Talib A.; Mathew, Thazhumpal C.; Dashti, Ali A.; Asfar, Sami; Al-Zaid, Naji; Dashti, Hussein M.

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2012.01.016

Cited by 329Diet and metabolism studiesDietary Effects on HealthDiabetes Management and Research

Effect of low-calorie versus low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet in type 2 diabetes

Hussain, Talib A., Mathew, Thazhumpal C., Dashti, Ali A., Asfar, Sami, Al-Zaid, Naji, Dashti, Hussein M.·2012·Nutrition

DOI 10.1016/j.nut.2012.01.016

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Abstract

Objective Effective diabetic management requires reasonable weight control. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown the beneficial effects of a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes after its long term administration. Furthermore, it favorably alters the cardiac risk factors even in hyperlipidemic obese subjects. These studies have indicated that, in addition to decreasing body weight and improving glycemia, LCKD can be effective in decreasing antidiabetic medication dosage. Similar to the LCKD, the conventional low-calorie, high nutritional value diet is also used for weight loss. The purpose of this study was to understand the beneficial effects of LCKD compared with the low-calorie diet (LCD) in improving glycemia.Methods Three hundred and sixty-three overweight and obese participants were recruited from the Al-Shaab Clinic for a 24-wk diet intervention trial; 102 of them had type 2 diabetes. The participants were advised to choose LCD or LDKD, depending on their preference. Body weight, body mass index, changes in waist circumference, blood glucose level, changes in hemoglobin and glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, urea and creatinine were determined before and at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 wk after the administration of the LCD or LCKD. The initial dose of some antidiabetic medications was decreased to half and some were discontinued at the beginning of the dietary program in the LCKD group. Dietary counseling and further medication adjustment were done on a biweekly basis.Results The LCD and LCKD had beneficial effects on all the parameters examined. Interestingly, these changes were more significant in subjects who were on the LCKD as compared with those on the LCD. Changes in the level of creatinine were not statistically significant.Conclusion This study shows the beneficial effects of a ketogenic diet over the conventional LCD in obese diabetic subjects. The ketogenic diet appears to improve glycemic control. Therefore, diabetic patients on a ketogenic diet should be under strict medical supervision because the LCKD can significantly lower blood glucose levels.

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“Very low-carbohydrate diet (VLCD) patterns restrict total carbohydrates to 5% to 10% of kilocalories.29,[49][50][51][52][53]”
From Popular dietary patterns: alignment with American Heart Association 2021 dietary guidance: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. (2023) · cites this paper as [52]

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Authors: Hussain, T. A., Mathew, T. C., Dashti, A. A., Asfar, S., Al-Zaid, N., & Dashti, H. M.
Affiliations: Ministry of Health (KW)
Kuwait University (KW)
Corresponding author: Dashti, Hussein M.
ORCID: Dashti, Ali A.
Venue: Nutrition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2012-10
Volume: 28
Issue: 10
Pages: 1016-1021
ISSN: 0899-9007 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2012.01.016
OpenAlex: W2154262912
Cited by: 329
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 5.99
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Kuwait University
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Keywords: hypocaloric diet, type 2 diabetes, glycemic control, weight loss, obesity, hyperlipidemia, HbA1c, lipid profile, antidiabetic medication reduction, dietary intervention
MeSH terms: Adult, Blood Glucose, Energy Intake, Creatinine, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin, Hemoglobins, Humans, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Urea, Uric Acid, Weight Loss, Body Mass Index, Caloric Restriction, Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted, Waist Circumference, Diet, Ketogenic

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Effect of low-calorie versus low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet in type 2 diabetes

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