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Cited by 98Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior

Anterior cingulate cortex gray matter abnormalities in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a voxel-based morphometry study

Amico, Francesco, Stauber, Jonathan, Koutsouleris, Nikolaos, Frodl, Thomas·2011·Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging
DOI 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2010.08.011
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Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric disease that affects children and persists in 50% of cases into adulthood. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies in children suggest that ADHD is associated with structural abnormalities in the brain. However, very little research has been carried out on adult ADHD. Using high-resolution MRI, we tested the hypothesis that adult ADHD patients exhibit gray and/or white matter volume (GMV, WMV) abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), cingulate cortex (CC), hippocampus and amygdala, also evaluating putative associations between volumetric data and symptoms of ADHD. We investigated 20 adult patients with ADHD and 20 age-matched healthy controls. We found significantly smaller GMV in the right and left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) but no GMV/WMV difference in the PFC, hippocampus and amygdala. No correlation was found between ADHD behavioral measures and MRI data. Our results might suggest that adults with ADHD exhibit smaller GMV in the ACC, as measured by VBM. Volumetric abnormalities in the brain of adult ADHD patients might be less pronounced than those found in children and adolescents, although the role played by chronic stimulant treatment needs further investigation.

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  • Structural MRI studies indicate that cingulate cortex volume is reduced in ADHD.

    “Structural MRI studies indicate that cingulate cortex volume is reduced in ADHD (Amico et al., 2011; Makris et al., 2007)”

    From The cingulum bundle: Anatomy, function, and dysfunction (2018) · cites this paper as Amico et al., 2011

  • An exploratory analysis found tentative evidence of larger gray matter volumes bilaterally in lOFC and rACC in the ADHD group than in healthy controls.

    “An exploratory analysis also found tentative evidence of larger gray matter volumes bilaterally in lOFC and rACC in the ADHD group than in the healthy controls (Figure 9A).”

    From Top-Down Dysregulation—From ADHD to Emotional Instability (2016) · cites this paper as Seidman et al., 2011

  • In a reasonably large study on ADHD that specifically excluded patients with affective problems, somewhat smaller gray matter volumes were found in dlPFC and cACC as predicted.

    “In a reasonably large study on ADHD that specifically excluded patients with affective problems (Seidman et al., 2011) somewhat smaller gray matter volumes were found in dlPFC and cACC as predicted.”

    From Top-Down Dysregulation—From ADHD to Emotional Instability (2016) · cites this paper as Seidman et al., 2011

  • Such findings have not regularly been observed in morphometric studies of ADHD-in fact the opposite has been observed.

    “However, such findings have not regularly been observed in morphometric studies of ADHD—in fact the opposite has been observed (Seidman et al., 2011)—as discussed below.”

    From Top-Down Dysregulation—From ADHD to Emotional Instability (2016) · cites this paper as Seidman et al., 2011

  • Most volume differences appear to normalize with transition to adulthood.

    “Intriguingly, most volume differences appear to normalize with transition to adulthood [12].”

    From The brain anatomy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in young adults—a magnetic resonance imaging study (2017) · cites this paper as [12]

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Authors
Amico, F., Stauber, J., Koutsouleris, N., & Frodl, T.
Affiliations
  • Trinity College Dublin (IE)
  • Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
Corresponding author
Amico, Francesco
ORCID
Venue
Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2011-01
Volume
191
Issue
1
Pages
31-35
ISSN
0925-4927 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.pscychresns.2010.08.011
OpenAlex
W2084551572
Cited by
98
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
FWCI
4.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Keywords
adult ADHD, anterior cingulate cortex, gray matter volume, white matter volume, structural brain abnormalities, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, voxel-based morphometry, stimulant medication
MeSH terms
Adult, Analysis of Variance, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Case-Control Studies, Young Adult

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