Evidence of successful modulation of brain activation and subjective experience during reappraisal of negative emotion in unmedicated depression
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Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to examine cognitive regulation of negative emotion in 12 unmedicated patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 24 controls. The participants used reappraisal to increase (real condition) and reduce (photo condition) the personal relevance of negative and neutral pictures during fMRI as valence ratings were collected; passive viewing (look condition) served as a baseline. Reappraisal was not strongly affected by MDD. Ratings indicated that both groups successfully reappraised negative emotional experience. Both groups also showed better memory for negative vs. neutral pictures 2 weeks later. Across groups, increased brain activation was observed on negative/real vs. negative/look and negative/photo trials in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), rostral anterior cingulate, left parietal cortex, caudate, and right amygdala. Depressive severity was inversely correlated with activation modulation in the left DLPFC, right amygdala, and right cerebellum during negative reappraisal. The lack of group differences suggests that depressed adults can modulate the brain activation and subjective experience elicited by negative pictures when given clear instructions. However, the negative relationship between depression severity and effects of reappraisal on brain activation indicates that group differences may be detectable in larger samples of more severely depressed participants.
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Studies have generally shown no or few differences between MDD and healthy groups in emotion regulation tasks that provided clear cognitive reappraisal instructions.
“studies have generally shown no or few differences between MDD and healthy groups in emotion regulation tasks that provided clear cognitive reappraisal instructions [253,254].”
From Prefrontal cortex and depression (2022) · cites this paper as [253]
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- Authors
- Dillon, D. G., & Pizzagalli, D. A.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dillon, Daniel Gerard
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-05
- Volume
- 212
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 99-107
- ISSN
- 0925-4927 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3640775
- OpenAlex
- W2146104796
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 4.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH068376, F32MH081394)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- cognitive reappraisal, emotion regulation, major depressive disorder, untreated depression, negative emotions, subjective emotional experience, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, amygdala, rostral anterior cingulate cortex, cerebellum, depression severity, emotional memory, valence ratings
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Brain Mapping, Depression, Emotions, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Functional Laterality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Oxygen, Photic Stimulation, Recognition, Psychology, Young Adult
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