Interaction between the Amygdala and the Medial Temporal Lobe Memory System Predicts Better Memory for Emotional Events
Open accessAbstract
Emotional events are remembered better than neutral events possibly because the amygdala enhances the function of medial temporal lobe (MTL) memory system (modulation hypothesis). Although this hypothesis has been supported by much animal research, evidence from humans has been scarce and indirect. We investigated this issue using event-related fMRI during encoding of emotional and neutral pictures. Memory performance after scanning showed a retention advantage for emotional pictures. Successful encoding activity in the amygdala and MTL memory structures was greater and more strongly correlated for emotional than for neutral pictures. Moreover, a double dissociation was found along the longitudinal axis of the MTL memory system: activity in anterior regions predicted memory for emotional items, whereas activity in posterior regions predicted memory for neutral items. These results provide direct evidence for the modulation hypothesis in humans and reveal a functional specialization within the MTL regarding the effects of emotion on memory formation.
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Conjoint activation of the hippocampus and amygdala under arousing conditions is a critical component of emotional memory storage and retrieval processes.
“neuroimaging studies have provided strong support for the idea that the conjoint activation of the hippocampus and amygdala under arousing counditions is a critical component of emotional memory storage and retrieval processes (Maratos et al. [191]; Dolcos et al. [192]; Dolcos et al. [193]).”
From The Temporal Dynamics Model of Emotional Memory Processing: A Synthesis on the Neurobiological Basis of Stress-Induced Amnesia, Flashbulb and Traumatic Memories, and the Yerkes-Dodson Law (2007) · cites this paper as Dolcos et al. [192]
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“Interestingly, the MTL memory regions showing emotionand delay-specific connectivity with the amygdala are bilaterally located within the anterior PHG, not within the hippocampus proper.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationNoradrenaline mediates amygdala activation in men and women during encoding of emotional material
van Stegeren, A. H., Goekoop, R., Everaerd, W., Scheltens, P., Barkhof, F., Kuijer, J. P. A., & Rombouts, S. A. R. B. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.09.011 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Maheu, F., Dozier, M. E., Guyer, A., Mandell, D., Peloso, E., Poeth, K., Jenness, J., Lau, J. Y. F., Ackerman, J., Pine, D., et al. (2010) · Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/cabn.10.1.34 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
“Reduced medial temporal lobe volume (De Bellis et al., 2002) and altered hippocampal volume (reduced volume, Carrion et al., 2007; increased volume, Tupler & De Bellis, 2006) the processing of emotional cues per se (Bannerman et al., 2004; Dolcos et al., 2004; LeDoux, 2000).”
Dissociable effects of conscious emotion regulation strategies on explicit and implicit memory.
Dillon, D., Ritchey, M., Johnson, B., & LaBar, K. (2007) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.7.2.354 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
“Ninety unpleasant and 90 neutral pictures were selected from the International Affective Picture Set (Lang, Bradley, & Cuthbert, 2001) and an in-house database (Dolcos et al., 2004).”
MethodSelf-citationDolcos, F., Katsumi, Y., Moore, M., Berggren, N., de Gelder, B., Derakshan, N., Hamm, A. O., Koster, E. H. W., Ladouceur, C. D., Okon‐Singer, H., et al. (2019) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.08.017 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Self-citationHayes, J. P., LaBar, K. S., McCarthy, G., Selgrade, E. S., Nasser, J. D., Dolcos, F., & Morey, R. A. (2010) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.10.007 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
“The hippocampus and parahippocampal gyruswere further divided into anterior and posterior portions based on evidence for different functions along the longitudinal axis of these structures (Dolcos et al., 2004).”
InfluentialSelf-citationQuantifying the impact of recent negative life events on suicide attempts
Bagge, C. L., Glenn, C. R., & Lee, H.-J. (2013) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0030371 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
How personal experience modulates the neural circuitry of memories of September 11
Sharot, T., Martorella, E. A., Delgado, M. R., & Phelps, E. A. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0609230103 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Neural Correlates of Recall of Life Events in Conversion Disorder
Aybek, S., Nicholson, T. R., Zelaya, F. O., O’Daly, O., Craig, T., David, A. S., & Kanaan, R. (2013) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.2842 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Jacques, P. L. S., Dolcos, F., & Cabeza, R. (2009) · Psychology Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02258.x · Cited by 193 · see citing works
“Previous studies in young adults have found that amygdalar-hippocampal interactions enhance subsequent memory (Dolcos et al., 2004b), and the current results suggest that this modulation is reduced in aging.”
BackgroundSelf-citationNEVER Forget: Negative Emotional Valence Enhances Recapitulation
Bowen, H. J., Kark, S. M., & Kensinger, E. (2017) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1313-9 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
The neural basis of implicit moral attitude—An IAT study using event-related fMRI
Luo, Q., Nakic, M., Wheatley, T., Richell, R., Martin, A., & Blair, R. J. R. (2006) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.11.005 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Vaisvaser, S., Lin, T., Admon, R., Podlipsky, I., Greenman, Y., Stern, N., Fruchter, E., Wald, I., Pine, D., Tarrasch, R., et al. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00313 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
“Furthermore, enhancement in amygdalahippocampal connectivity was suggested to be required for both emotional memory encoding and consolidation (Richter-Levin and Akirav, 2000; Roozendaal et al., 2003; Dolcos et al., 2004; Phelps, 2004; Smith et al., 2006).”
BackgroundMenstrual Cycle Modulation of Medial Temporal Activity Evoked by Negative Emotion
Andreano, J. M., & Cahill, L. (2010) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.07.011 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
“Several studies have shown that activity at encoding in the amygdala (Kensinger & Schacter, 2006; Dolcos et al., 2004; Cahill et al., 1996) and hippocampus (Spaniol et al.”
Roozendaal, B., McReynolds, J. R., van der Zee, E. A., Lee, S., McGaugh, J. D., & McIntyre, C. K. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3626-09.2009 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Jacques, P. L. S., Dolcos, F., & Cabeza, R. E. L. (2008) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2008.03.012 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Self-citationOn the role of general system theory for functional neuroimaging
Stephan, K. (2004) · Journal of Anatomy · doi:10.1111/j.0021-8782.2004.00359.x · Cited by 174 · see citing works
“Indeed, even in recent papers the finding that several areas are jointly correlated to some task component is still sometimes interpreted as a reflection of mutual correlation and thus of functional connectivity among the areas (e.g. Gold & Buckner, 2002; Dolcos et al. 2004).”
BackgroundHow Negative Emotion Enhances the Visual Specificity of a Memory
Kensinger, E., Garoff-Eaton, R. J., & Schacter, D. (2007) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2007.19.11.1872 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
“These regions are very consistent with those shown in previous studies to be more predictive of successful encoding of emotional information than of neutral information (e.g., Kensinger & Schacter, 2005a; Dolcos et al., 2004; reviewed by LaBar & Cabeza, 2006).”
ResultNoradrenergic Modulation of Emotion-Induced Forgetting and Remembering
Hurlemann, R., Hawellek, B., Matusch, A., Kölsch, H., Wollersen, H., Madea, B., Vogeley, K., Maier, W., & Dolan, R. (2005) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0228-05.2005 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Wang, G.-J., Yang, J., Volkow, N. D., Telang, F., Ma, Y., Zhu, W., Wong, C. T., Tomasi, D., Thanos, P. K., & Fowler, J. S. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0601977103 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Neural basis of interpersonal traits in neurodegenerative diseases
Sollberger, M., Stanley, C. M., Wilson, S. M., Gyurak, A., Beckman, V., Growdon, M., Jang, J., Weiner, M. W., Miller, B. L., & Rankin, K. P. (2009) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.06.006 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Direct electrical stimulation of the amygdala enhances declarative memory in humans
Inman, C. S., Manns, J. R., Bijanki, K. R., Bass, D. I., Hamann, S. B., Drane, D. L., Fasano, R. E., Kovach, C. K., Gross, R. E., & Willie, J. T. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1714058114 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Neural signature of reconsolidation impairments by propranolol in humans.
Schwabe, L., Nader, K., Wolf, O. T., Beaudry, T., & Pruessner, J. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.10.028 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Tendolkar, I., van Beek, M., van Oostrom, I., Mulder, M., Janzing, J., Voshaar, R. O., & van Eijndhoven, P. V. (2013) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.09.004 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
“The amygdala has strong modulatory impact on the hippocampus (McGaugh, 2000) and functional imaging studies have supported this at the human system level in healthy controls (Dolcos et al., 2004) and in depressed patients (van Eijndhoven et al., 2011).”
BackgroundHöistad, M., & Barbas, H. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.12.043 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Amygdala activation during reading of emotional adjectives—an advantage for pleasant content
Herbert, C., Ethofer, T., Anders, S., Junghöfer, M., Wildgruber, D., Grodd, W., & Kissler, J. M. (2008) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsn027 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
“20 hippocampus (anterior PHG), a region which has recently been related to enhanced memory encoding of emotional salient visual stimuli (Dolcos et al., 2004).”
BackgroundMcDonald, A. J., & Mott, D. D. (2016) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.23709 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
“Functional imaging studies in humans have shown that the formation of memories of emotional stimuli involves interactions of the basolateral amygdala with the entorhinal cortex and anterior portions of the hippocampus (Dolcos et al., 2004), and that these areas are also activated by retrieval of emotional memories (Do…”
Adrenal stress hormones, amygdala activation, and memory for emotionally arousing experiences
Roozendaal, B., Barsegyan, A., & Lee, S. (2007) · Progress in Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(07)67006-x · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Pharmacotherapy of PTSD: premises, principles, and priorities.
Ravindran, L. N., & Stein, M. B. (2009) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.03.037 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
“With evidence from functional neuroimaging studies (Dolcos et al., 2004; Kensinger and Corkin, 2004; Kilpatrick and Cahill, 2003; Richardson et al., 2004) suggesting that encoding of emotional episodes involves a functional coupling between the amygdala and hippocampus, it has been suggested that…”
BackgroundHow the amygdala affects emotional memory by altering brain network properties
Hermans, E. J., Battaglia, F. P., Atsak, P., de Voogd, L. D., Fernández, G., & Roozendaal, B. (2014) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2014.02.005 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
- Authors
- Dolcos, F., LaBar, K. S., & Cabeza, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Duke University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dolcos, Florin
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-06
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 855-863
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2156322511
- Cited by
- 714
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 46 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 40
- FWCI
- 15.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG019731, R01 AG19731)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA014094, R01 DA14094)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- amygdala, emotional memory, emotional pictures, memory encoding, functional specialization, event-related fMRI
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Amygdala, Analysis of Variance, Brain Mapping, Emotions, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Memory, Models, Neurological, Photic Stimulation, Temporal Lobe, Recognition, Psychology
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