Endogenous opioid system influences depressive reactions to socially painful targeted rejection life events
Open accessAbstract
Although exposure to a recent major life event is one of the strongest known risk factors for depression, many people who experience such stress do not become depressed. Moreover, the biological mechanisms underlying differential emotional reactions to social adversity remain largely unknown. To investigate this issue, we examined whether the endogenous opioid system, which is known to influence sensitivity to physical pain, is also implicated in differential risk for depression following socially painful targeted rejection versus non-targeted rejection life events. Adolescents (n=420) enrolled in a large longitudinal birth cohort study had their recent stress exposure and current mental health status assessed using self-report and interview-based methods. Participants were also genotyped for the A118G polymorphism in the μ-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1, rs1799971), which has been found to influence neural and psychological responses to rejection, likely by affecting opioid receptor expression and signaling efficiency. As hypothesized, G allele carriers, who are known to exhibit less opioid receptor expression and signaling efficiency, were more severely depressed and twice as likely to meet criteria for major depressive disorder following a recent targeted rejection major life event (e.g., being broken up with, getting fired) relative to A/A homozygotes who experienced such stress. However, A118G genotype did not moderate the effects of other similarly severe major life events on depression. These data thus elucidate a biological pathway that may specifically influence sensitivity to social pain and rejection, which in turn has implications for understanding differential risk for depression and several other social stress-related disorders.
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- Authors
- Slavich, G. M., Tartter, M. A., Brennan, P. A., & Hammen, C.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Slavich, George M.
- Venue
- Psychoneuroendocrinology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-11
- Volume
- 49
- Pages
- 141-149
- ISSN
- 0306-4530 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4165779
- OpenAlex
- W2119866826
- Cited by
- 83
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 2.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychoneuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- National Medical Research Council
- National Institute on Aging (P30AG028748)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH 52239, R01MH052239, T32MH017140, K08MH103443)
- National Cancer Institute (R01CA140933)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- endogenous opioid system, depression, social rejection, major life events, social pain, mu-opioid receptor, OPRM1 A118G polymorphism, genetic susceptibility, adolescents, major depressive disorder, social stress
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Alleles, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Genotype, Homozygote, Humans, Life Change Events, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Rejection, Psychology, Receptors, Opioid, mu, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Young Adult
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