Reading impairment and visual processing deficits in schizophrenia
Open accessAbstract
Individuals with schizophrenia show magnocellular visual pathway abnormalities similar to those described in dyslexia, predicting that reading disturbance should be a common concomitant of schizophrenia. To date, however, reading deficits have not been well established, and, in fact, reading is often thought to be normal in schizophrenia based upon results of tests such as the WRAT, which evaluate single word reading. This study evaluated "real world" reading ability in schizophrenia, relative to functioning of the magnocellular visual pathway. Standardized psychoeducational reading tests and contrast sensitivity measures were administered to 19 patients and 10 controls. Analyses of between group differences were further refined by classification of participants into reading vs. non-reading impaired groups using a priori and derived theoretical models. Patients with schizophrenia, as a group, showed highly significant impairments in reading (p<0.04-p<0.001), with particular deficits on tests of rate, comprehension and phonological awareness. Between 21% and 63% of patients met criteria for dyslexia depending upon diagnostic model vs. 0-20% of the controls. The degree of deficit correlated significantly with independent measures of magnocellular dysfunction. Reading impairment in schizophrenia reaches the level of dyslexia and is associated with compromised magnocellular processing as hypothesized. Findings related to symptoms, functioning and recommendations for reading ability assessment are discussed.
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Gain control deficits are related to higher-level problems in perceptual organization.
“There is also evidence that gain control deficits, seen in contrast detection and M-pathway deficits, are important in predicting outcome (22,45), and are related to higher-level problems in perceptual organization (28,46) and to symptomatology (20,47–51).”
From Visual perception and its impairment in schizophrenia (2008) · cites this paper as [46]
Schizophrenia patients show severe deficits in passage, but not single word, reading.
“As predicted, schizophrenia patients show severe deficits in passage, but not single word, reading (105)”
From Sensory Processing Dysfunction in the Personal Experience and Neuronal Machinery of Schizophrenia (2015) · cites this paper as [105]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Revheim, N., Butler, P. D., Schechter, I., Jalbrzikowski, M., Silipo, G., & Javitt, D. C.
- Affiliations
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research (US)
- Corresponding author
- Revheim, Nadine
- Venue
- Schizophrenia Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-10
- Volume
- 87
- Issue
- 1-3
- Pages
- 238-245
- ISSN
- 0920-9964 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2901807
- OpenAlex
- W2038763083
- Cited by
- 117
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 4.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Schizophrenia Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH066374, R01 MH66374, R01MH049334)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, reading disorders
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Demography, Dyslexia, Educational Measurement, Female, Humans, Language Tests, Male, Middle Aged, Perceptual Disorders, Phonetics, Schizophrenia, Severity of Illness Index, Visual Perception, Contrast Sensitivity
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